Trapezoidal-Duct Assisting Poulty Ammonia Gas, Hydrogen Sulfide Gas, and Dust Removal System

Abstract

The present invention involves a fabrication of a trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust removal system to be used for removing of the poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust from the exhausted air stream emitting from the poultry houses and litter storages, comprising a poultry ammonia gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device invented in the present invention, hydrogen sulfide gas adsorber, dust filter, air-speed-acceleration trapezoidal-duct, ventilation-fan, and auxiliary system. The poultry ammonia gas removal tube-screen-scrubber equipped in the poultry ammonia gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device is invented in the present invention using the tube-screen-fill pack patented by the present inventor for use in the water cooling tower. The air-speed-acceleration controller trapezoidal-duct is applied for connecting of the large air outlet cross section of the tube-screen-scrubber device and the small air inlet cross section of the ventilation fan.

Claims

1. A trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust removal system for removing of poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust-particles from an exhausted air stream emitting from poultry production houses and litter storages comprises; (a) a tube-screen-scrubber device for removing of the ammonia gas from an exhausted air stream by contacting of the exhausted air and working solution streams on the surfaces of tubes equipped in the tube-screen-scrubber device; (b) a hydrogen sulfide gas adsorber device for removing of the hydrogen sulfide gas from the exhausted air stream by adsorbing the hydrogen sulfide gas on the surfaces of hydrogen sulfide adsorbent pellets loaded in the device; (c) a dust filter device for removal of the dust particles to protect local residential healths and for safe operations of the hydrogen sulfide adsorber and ammonia gas removal tube-screen-scrubber devices; (d) a trapezoidal-duct adjusting to deliver a high flow rate in high speed of air stream passing the ventilation fan to a low speed of air passing a large cross section of the tube-screen-scrubber device to deliver a same flow rate of air; (e) a ventilation fan blowing air contaminated with poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust out of the poultry houses and litter storages; (f) an auxiliary system controlling to circulate working solution through the expanded poultry ammonia gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device equipped in the poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust removal system.

2. The tube-screen-scrubber device comprising a tube-screen-scrubber pack, working solution supply box, and working solution collection sump, wherein the working solution supply box and the working solution collection sump are attached on the top and bottom of tube-screen-scrubber pack, and wherein the working solution supply box consists the working solution supply box cover with working solution supplying port on top and the bottom mesh net with working solution uniform distributer placed on the mesh net, and wherein the working solution collection sump consists a square box with open top and upper rim of the sump able to be fit with the bottom square plate of the tube-screen-scrubber pack and a working solution outlet port on the bottom plate of the sump.

3. The tube-screen-scrubber pack comprising top and bottom ring-shaped hole perforated plates and a plurality of tubes vertically suspended between the top and bottom ring-shaped hole perforated plates and fixed through the ring-shaped holes on the ring-shaped hole perforated plates, wherein the ring-shaped holes on the top and bottom perforated plates and the tubes suspended in the tube-screen-scrubber pack are lined up transversely to the air flowing direction and the ring holes and tubes are arranged in zigzag shapes along the air flowing direction, and wherein the tube-screen-scrubber pack is assembled side by side of a plenty of tube-screen-scrubbers.

4. The tube-screen-scrubber comprising top and bottom ring-shaped hole perforated frames and multiple tubes suspended between the top and bottom ring-shaped hole perforated frames, wherein the ring-shaped holes on the ring-shaped hole perforated frame are formed by surrounding the end plugged portion of the tubes positioned at the center of the ring-shaped holes and lined up along the longitudinal axis of frame are placed at a tube regular spacing between the adjacent tubes along the ring-shaped hole perforated frame, and wherein the tube near the one edge of the tube-screen-scrubber frame is apart from the edge of the frame by a quarter length of the tube regular spacing, while the one near the other side edge apart by three quarter length of the tube regular spacing, and the other tubes in the middle frame are apart from each other by the tube regular spacing.

5. A trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust removal system of claim 1, wherein the trapezoidal-duct is in a shape of a square duct reducer consisting an air inlet large square open cross section and an air outlet small square open cross section, wherein the air inlet large square open cross section and the outlet small square open cross section of the trapezoidal-duct are same with the air outlet cross section of the tube-screen-scrubber device and the air inlet cross section of a ventilation fan, respectively, and wherein the height of the trapezoidal-duct is as long as possible.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of the tube-screen-scrubber device comprising a tube-screen-scrubber pack, working solution supply box, and working solution collection sump on top and bottom of the tube-screen-scrubber pack. FIG. 1-1 shows the schematic cross section view of a cross section I-I of the tube-screen-scrubber device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic picture of the tube-screen-scrubber pack which is in a shape of a square box or flat square box, consisting top and bottom ring-shaped hole perforated plates and a plurality of tubes vertically suspended to between top and bottom ring-shaped perforated plates, which is fabricated by assembling side by side of a number of plate-shaped tube-screen-scrubbers shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a picture of plate-shaped tube-screen-scrubber consisting top and bottom perforated frames and a plenty of tubes are suspended between the top and bottom perforated frames like a string curtain. FIG. 4 illustrates the schematic drawing of the cross section II-II of the water distribution box assembled by combining the water distributer cover shown in FIG. 4-1 and water containing box shown in FIG. 4-2. FIG. 5 shows a schematic picture of water solution collection sump with an open top and upper rem of the box and working solution outlet hole and port. FIG. 5-1 illustrates an open-box-shape supporter to safely hold the tube-screen-scrubber pack with the working solution supply box attached on top of the scrubber pack on the rim of the working solution collection sump. FIG. 5-2 shows a front section view of water collection sump attached the open-box-shape supporter shown in FIG. 5-1 on the upper rim of the working solution sump. FIG. 6 illustrates the top cross section view of the tube-screen-scrubber pack showing a configuration of tube arrangement in the tube-screen-scrubber pack. FIG. 7 shows variations of the specific surface areas of the screen-scrubber packs of three scrubbing materials, tubes, rods, and strings depending on the diameters of the materials and three zones of strings, rods, and tubes which are grouped by their diameters of strings less than 0.2 ft, rods between 0.2 ft and 3.5 ft, and tubes greater than 3.5 ft, respectively and FIG. 7-1 also shows variations of void fraction of the screen-scrubber packs vs diameters of the materials and three different gaps between the adjacent materials. FIG. 8 is a schematic drawing of standard poultry AHD removal equipment assembled by attaching dust filter and H.sub.2S gas adsorber devices to the air inlet cross section of the NH.sub.3 gas removal device. FIG. 9 is a schematic picture of H.sub.2S gas adsorber device loaded a plurality of H.sub.2S gas adsorbent pellets. FIG. 10 is a schematic picture of the dust filter device designed to consecutively insert three different filters into the dust filter device and to easily remove out them for replacing with new ones. FIG. 11 illustrates a schematic drawing of standard poultry AHD removal system installed on the side wall of litter storage. FIG. 12 shows a schematic drawing of showing how to enlarge the standard poultry AHD removal equipment to an expanded poultry AHD removal equipment and keeping 500 ft/min of air speed in the poultry AHD removal equipments before and after enlarging. FIG. 12-1 explains a mass continuity equation of air flowing through air speed acceleration trapezoidal-duct with arrows showing same arrow space area and different length indicating same flow rate and different air speed passing the different cross section area, respectively. FIG. 12-2 shows a schematic drawing of a square trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipment by inserting the square trapezoidal-duct between the expanded poultry AHD removal equipment and ventilation fan. FIG. 13 illustrates a schematic drawing of single unit square trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system. FIG. 14 is a schematic view of installation of six square trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal system at poultry house of 10(H)×40(W)×400(L). FIG. 14-1 is a schematic side view of poultry house showing one of six units of square trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments installed on the side wall of poultry house of 10(H)×40(W)×400(L) ft.sup.3. FIG. 15 is a schematic picture of eighteen square trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system including an auxiliary system installed in a huge poultry house of 10(H)×66(W)×600(L). FIG. 15-1 shows a side view of poultry house installing four units of trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal equipments on the side wall and one of ten units installed on the end side wall of the huge poultry house of 10(H)×66(W)×600(L).

DESCRIPTION OF NUMBERS IN THE DRAWINGS

[0051] 1 tube-screen-scrubber device (poultry NH.sub.3 gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device), 2 working solution inlet port, 3 inlet working solution distributer, 4 working solution supplying box cover, 5 working solution spray nozzle, 6 working solution uniform distributer, 7 steel mesh plate, 8 top ring-hole perforated plate with plugged tubes set in holes, 9 tube, 10 tube-screen-scrubber pack, 11 bottom ring-hole perforated plate, 12 working solution collection sump attached open-box-shape supporter, 12-1 open-box-shape-supporter, 12-2 side wall supporting tube-screen-scrubber, 12-3 plate bar supporter, 13 working solution outlet port, 14 rim, 15 working solution supply box, 16 ring-hole surrounding plugged tube, 17 plate-shape tube-screen-scrubber, 18 top ring-hole perforated frame, 19 plugged tube, 19-1 front side of plugged tube, 20 tubes row, 21 working solution distribution box with water solution uniform distributer on bottom, 22 working solution outlet hole, 23 pitch distance between tube-centers of adjacent tubes (equilateral triangle formed in the zigzag arrangement of tubes in packing bed), 24 distance between tube rows computed from using 1.7321×half of tube center interval, 25 gap between adjacent ring hole, 26 interval between adjacent tube surfaces, 0.435 inches, 26-1 a cross sectional area of a channel of air stream made of by three adjacent tubes in the tube-screen-scrubber, 27 direction of inlet-air flowing, 28 smooth flowing air stream before entering the tube-screen-scrubber pack, 28-1 and 28-2 inner- and outer-layer air streams flowing to the front side of the adjacent tube on slanted lines at respective lower and upper incidence angle 30° C. to the forward direction of the slowing air stream after passing through the round tubes, 29 standard poultry AHD removal equipment, 30 clean air outlet side of tube-scree-scrubber (standard poultry AHD removal equipment), 31 air inlet side of standard poultry AHD removal equipment (filter device), 32 filter device, 33 H.sub.2S adsorber device, 34 H.sub.2S adsorbent pellet box, 35 air outlet side of H.sub.2S adsorber device, 36 front mash plate, 37 H.sub.2S adsorbent pellets, 38 poultry dust filter device, 39 dust filter box, 40 air inlet side of poultry dust filter device, 41 large dust filter, 42 medium dust filter, 43 fine dust filter, 44 standard poultry AHD removal system, 45 working solution major system supply inlet circulation pipe (working-solution-major-system-inlet-circulation-pipe), 46 working solution major system returning outlet circulation pipe (working-solution-major-system-outlet-circulation-pipe), 47 two way valve, 47-1 three way valve, 48 small or medium size ventilation fan, 49 side wall of litter storage, 50 expanded poultry AHD removal equipment, 51 expansion line for increasing 4.5 ft height of standard equipment to 7 ft height of expanded equipment, 52 expanded filter device, 53 expanded H.sub.2S adsorber device, 54 expanded (NH.sub.3 gas removal) tube-screen-scrubber device, 55 expanded (NH.sub.3 gas removal) tube-screen-scrubber pack, 56 clean air outlet side of expanded tube-screen-scrubber pack (expanded poultry AHD removal equipment), 57 air speed of 500 ft/min and air flow rate of 5500-8000 ft.sup.3/min, 58 air speed 500 ft/min and air flow rate 178,000-23,000 ft.sup.3/min, 59 square trapezoidal-duct, 60 trapezoidal top, 4.5(H)×4.5(W) ft.sup.2, of square trapezoidal-duct, 61 trapezoidal base, 7(H)×6.6(W) ft.sup.2, of square trapezoidal-duct, 62 height, 6.6 ft, of square trapezoidal-duct, 63 velocity and flow rate of flowing air entering the square trapezoidal-duct through large base cross section are 500 ft/min and 17,800-23,000 ft.sup.3/min, 64 velocity and flow rate of flowing air leaving the square trapezoidal-duct through small top cross section are 1300-1500 ft/min and 17,800-23,000 ft.sup.3/min, 65 large ventilation fan blowing of air speed 1300-1500 ft/min and flow rate of 17,800-23,000 ft.sup.3/min, 66 trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipment, 67 single unit main system of trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system, 68 auxiliary system, 68-1 working solution inlet port of auxiliary system (auxiliary inlet port), 68-2 working solution outlet port of auxiliary system (auxiliary outlet port), 69 wet-fine-dust-filter cartridge, 70 auto-tap-water-valve, 71 working solution reservoir tank, 72 working solution circulation pump, 73 ion exchanger column, 74 phosphoric acid solution tank, 75 phosphoric acid solution supply pump, 76 monoam0nium phosphate salt (fertilizer) collection tank. 77 HCl solution tank, 77-1 HCl solution supply pipe, 78 HCl solution supply pump, 79 open and close valve, 80 trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system (six units), 81 working solution distribution pipe, 82 main system of trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system (six units) (main system), 82-1 main system outlet port, 83 picture reduction line, 84 trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system (removal system) installed at huge poultry house of 10(H)×66(W)×600(L) (eighteen units), 84-1 major system (including three subsystems without auxiliary system), 85 subsystem, 85-1 subsystem outlet port, 86 four way controlling valve, 86-1 major system inlet port, 86-2 major system outlet port, 87 working solution subsystem supply pipe, 88 working solution subsystem supply port, 89 working solution subsystem outlet pipe attached to trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system (eighteen units), 90 end-side-wall of huge poultry house of 10(H)×66(W)×600(L), 91 subsystem working solution collection sump, 92 side-wall of poultry house, 93 auxiliary circulation pipe-one, 94 auxiliary circulation pipe-two, 95 auxiliary circulation pipe-three, 96 auxiliary circulation pipe-four, 97 auxiliary circulation pipe.

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC TERMS USED

[0052] AHD: abbreviation of Ammonia gas, Hydrogen sulfide gas, and Dust-particles.

[0053] Cavity partial-mold 4: cavity partial-mold allows for PTSF cavity to be formed surrounding the cavity partial-mold by covering the upper and lower cavity partial-mold halves with the hollowed-out PTSF cavity halves on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower partial molds.

[0054] Hollowed-out tube cavity halves 43-1: tube cavity halves are hollowed-out on the inner surfaces of the molds, which are provided between the imaginary top and bottom frames.

[0055] Hollowed-out PTSF cavity half 43: plastic-tube-screen-fill cavity half is hollowed out on the inner surface of the mold.

[0056] Hollowed-out inner surfaces: Inner surface hollowed-out of the PTSF cavity halves on upper and lower partial-molds.

[0057] MRS bottom frame 16-1: Metal-Rod-filled-tube-Screen (MRS) attached bottom frame made up by attaching MRS on the bottom frame to be in one single structure as shown in FIG. 5-1

[0058] MRS bottom frame cavity 17-1: partial PTSF cavity without top frame cavity comprising cavity surrounding the MRS and bottom frame cavity shown in FIG. 1-1.

[0059] MRSF 29: Metal-Rod-Filled-Tube-Screen-Fill comprising top and bottom frames and metal-rod-tube-screen between them.

[0060] Metal-rod-filled-tube 23: tube is filled with metal rod.

[0061] Plastic-tube-screen-fill (PTSF) 29: a plurality of tubes are vertically installed in the shape of a flat-plate rectangular string screen between the top and bottom ring-shaped holes perforated frames by attaching their both ends on the inner circles of the ring-shaped holes provided on the inner surfaces along the axes of the frames at a tube-regular-spacing between the adjacent tubes on the frames, referred to U.S. Pat. No. 10,046,502 B2.

[0062] Poultry AHD: poultry ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide gas, and dust-particles produced from poultry production activities.

[0063] PTSF cavity 28-1: PTSF-shape space formed surrounding the MRSF within the cavity partial-mold.

[0064] SSA: abbreviation of Specific Surface Area defining a ratio of surface area of total tubes in a unit volume of cubic feet, ft.sup.2/ft.sup.3.

[0065] Tube cavity 25: tube-shape space formed surrounding the metal-rod-filled-tube surface by covering the upper and lower metal-rod-filled-tube halves with hollowed-out tube cavity halves on the inner surfaces of the upper and lower partial-molds.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERED EMBODIMENT

[0066] The poultry production facilities include naturally ventilating open-litter-storage and poultry house ventilated by ventilation fans. To collect and remove the poultry AHD released from the stacked litter in the open-litter-storage, the open-litter-storage needs adjusting of the open storage into an enclosed storage like the poultry house. As the poultry house uses large and standard ventilation fans for ventilation of poultry AHD in the poultry house and the litter storage uses natural ventilation for removal of the poultry AHD produced from the stacked litter, their installations of the poultry AHD removal systems are different. The poultry AHD removal equipment shown in FIG. 8 is called “standard NH.sub.3 gas removal equipment.” The standard poultry AHD removal equipment is installed at the litter storage, after adjusting of the open litter storage into an enclosed storage, without any modifying of the standard poultry AHD removal equipment. However, the standard poultry AHD removal equipment must be modified in order to be installed at the poultry house, which is described in the following section as well as an installation of the standard poultry AHD removal equipment at the litter storage.

[0067] <Installation of Standard Poultry AHD Removal Equipment at Litter Storage> In order to collect and remove the poultry AHD emitted from the current stacked litter in the open-litter-storages, the open-litter-storages are needed to be adjusted into enclosed storages like the poultry house and then the standard poultry AHD removal equipment shown in FIG. 8 is installed on the wall of the enclosed litter storage. In the enclosed litter storage, the standard poultry AHD removal equipment with a medium size ventilation fan and an auxiliary system attached is installed on the wall of the newly enclosed storage facility as shown in FIG. 11. The standard poultry AHD removal equipment with medium size ventilation fan and an auxiliary system attached shown in FIG. 11 is called the standard poultry AHD removal system. The ventilation fans to be used in the enclosed litter storages have maximum blowing rates of 5500 ft.sup.3/min (cfm) (fan size, 30″ blades) and air blowing speed of 500 ft/min which is allowed in the tube-screen-scrubber pack. When the standard poultry AHD removal system is installed in the enclosed litter storage, the devices of dust filter and H.sub.2S absorber in the standard poultry AHD removal equipment are placed on the inside wall of the enclosed storage and the tube-screen-scrubber device combined with ventilation fan placed on the outside wall of the enclosed litter storage as shown in FIG. 11. The tube-screen-scrubber pack equipped in the standard poultry AHD removal equipment is connected with the auxiliary system by connecting the working solution inlet and outlet ports of the standard poultry AHD removal equipment and the outlet and inlet working solution circulation pipes of the auxiliary system, respectively. The auxiliary system is located outside of the enclosed litter storage as shown in FIG. 11.

[0068] <Installation of Trapezoidal-Duct Assisting Expanded Poultry AHD Removal System at Poultry Houses> Since current commercial poultry houses are in various sizes up to a huge house of 10(H)×66(W)×600(L) ft.sup.3, two poultry houses of small 10(H)×40(W)×400(L) ft.sup.3 and huge 10(H)×66(W)×600(L) ft.sup.3 are selected to show how the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal systems at the small and huge poultry houses, because their installations are different. The selected poultry houses need six and eighteen ventilation fans whose air flowing rates and fan blade sizes are same as 23,000 cfm and 54″, respectively. For the poultry house of 10(H)×40(W)×400(L) ft.sup.3, six trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments are installed on the end side wall of the poultry house as shown in FIG. 14. The dimension of the single unit trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipment is 7(H)×6.6(W)×6.6(D) ft.sup.3, and then the total dimension of six equipments combined side by side as shown in FIG. 14 is in 7(H)×39.6(W)×6.6(D) ft.sup.3, which fully covers the cross section 10(H)×40(W) ft.sup.2 of the end side wall of the poultry house as shown in FIG. 14. The side view of their installation on the end side wall of the poultry house is shown in FIG. 14-1. If the eighteen trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments are installed in two layers on the end side wall of the huge poultry house 10(H)×66(W)×600(L), the height of two layered trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry NH.sub.3 gas removal equipment becomes 14 ft, which is close to the top height, 16 ft, of poultry house. Hence, two layer of them cannot be installed on the end side wall of the poultry house. Therefore, they are installed in three groups such as ten units of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments are installed in one layer on the end-side wall and four units of them each are installed on both side walls near to the end side wall of the poultry house as shown in FIGS. 15 and 15-1, respectively. Most important factor to be considered in case of installation of the ventilation fans divided in three groups is to keep an uniform flow of air flowing through the entire floor of the poultry house. To do so, as many as possible of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments are installed on the end side wall and then half of rest of them each are installed on both side walls near to the end side wall of the poultry house. If the end side wall of the poultry house is enough to be higher than a double height of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipment and all of the equipments can be installed on the end side wall, such an installation condition of all equipments in one place is best chosen to allow air to uniformly flow in the poultry house.

[0069] <Operation of the Trapezoidal-Duct Assisting Expanded Poultry AHD Removal System Installed at Huge Poultry House> The trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84 installed at the huge poultry house of 10(H)×66(W)×600(L) ft.sup.3 is schematically illustrated as shown in FIG. 15. The trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84 consists a major system 84-1 comprising three subsystem 85 and an auxiliary system 68. The major system and auxiliary system are connected by connecting the major system inlet port 86-1 and outlet port 86-2 to respective working solution outlet and inlet ports of the auxiliary system. Such connections are accomplished by connecting the working solution supplying inlet circulation pipe 45 between major system inlet port 86-land auxiliary system outlet port 68-2 and the working solution returning outlet circulation pipe 46 between major system outlet port 86-2 and auxiliary system inlet port 68-1, respectively. The trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal system 84 is assembled by combining side by side of eighteen units of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments 66, which are grouped into three subsystems 85 installed apart on the end-side-wall 90 and both side-walls 92 of the poultry house as shown in FIGS. 15 and 15-1. The three subsystems 85 are connected each other by working solution subsystem supply pipes 87 which distribute the working solution supplied through the working solution supply circulation pipe 45 into three working solution subsystem supply pipes 87 after passing the four-way-controlling-valve 86. The four-way-controlling-valve is connected with the two working solution subsystem supply pipes 87, one working solution subsystem supply port 88, and the working solution supplying inlet circulation pipe 45. The working solution distribution pipes 81 distribute the working solution supplied through the working solution subsystem supply pipes 87 into the working solution supply boxes 15 on the top of the expanded tube-screen-scrubber packs 55 equipped in the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments 66 through working solution inlet ports 2 connected with the working solution distribution pipes 81. The working solution stored in the working solution supply boxes 15 uniformly passes the working solution uniform distributor 6 on the bottom 7 of the working solution supply (distribution) box 15 and then uniformly passes the top perforated plates 8 of the expanded tube-screen-scrubber packs 55 equipped in the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipments 66. The working solution passed the top ring-shape hole perforated plates 8 uniformly flows down on the surfaces of the tubes 9 vertically suspended in the expanded tube-screen-scrubber packs 55. The NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution passed the expanded tube-screen-scrubber devices 54 is collected in the subsystem working solution collection sumps 91 provided at the bottom of the subsystems 85 shown in FIGS. 15 and 15-1 after passing through the water collection basins 12 of the expanded tube-screen-scrubber devices 54 in the equipments 66 of the subsystems 85. The NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution collected in the subsystem collection sumps 91 of three subsystems 85 flows out of the subsystems 85 through the three subsystem outlet ports 85-1 connected to the bottom of the three subsystems 85. The three lines of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solutions, passing two discharging pipe lines of connecting a subsystem outlet port 85-1, two way valve 47, and working solution subsystem outlet pipe 89 and directly passing one subsystem outlet port 85-1, flow together into the working solution returning outlet circulation pipe 46 after passing four-way-controlling valve 86 which connects with the two working solution subsystem outlet pipes 89, directly connected with one subsystem outlet port 85-1, and working solution returning outlet circulation pipe 46 as shown in FIG. 15. The NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution having passed three subsystems 85 reaches to the auxiliary system 68 after passing through the working solution returning outlet pipe 46 and then enters the auxiliary system 68 through the working solution inlet port 68-1 attached on the auxiliary system 68. The NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution entered the auxiliary system 68 through the working solution inlet port 68-1 connected with a auxiliary circulation pipe 97 in the auxiliary system 68 is stored in the reservoir tank 71 after passing a wet-fine-dust-filter cartridge 69 on between the auxiliary circulation pipe-one 93 and the auxiliary circulation pipe 97. The auxiliary circulation pipe 97 in the auxiliary system 68 is connected with the working solution returning outlet circulation pipe 46 and supplying inlet circulation pipe 45 by connecting to respective working solution inlet 68-1 and outlet 68-2 ports of the auxiliary system 68. The auxiliary circulation pipe 97 consists primary components of a wet-fine-dust-filter cartridge 69, working solution reservoir tank 71, working solution circulation pump 72, and ion exchanger column 73 which are consecutively connected each other along with the auxiliary circulation pipe 97 made of by connecting of four portions of the auxiliary circulation pipe-one 93, -two 94, -three 95, and -four 96 as arranged along the auxiliary circulation pipe 97 as shown in the auxiliary system 68 shown in FIG. 15. By operation of the working solution circulation pump 72 in the auxiliary system 68, the NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution in the reservoir tank 71 is pumped out through the auxiliary circulation pipe-two 94 connected between the working solution circulation pump 72 and working solution reservoir tank 71 and passes through the auxiliary circulation pipe 79 sequentially assembled with the auxiliary circulation pipe-three 95, ion exchanger column 73, and auxiliary circulation pipe-four 96 within the auxiliary system 68 and then circulated into the major system 84-1 of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84 through the major system inlet port 86-1 after passing through the working solution supply inlet circulation pipe 45 connected to the working solution outlet port 68-2 on the auxiliary system 68. While the NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution passes the ion exchanger column 74 within the auxiliary system 68, the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions dissolved in the NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution are removed from the NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution by trapping NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions in the ion exchanger resin particles in the ion exchanger column 74 and the NH.sub.4.sup.+ dissolved working solution becomes clean working solution, which is described in the section of <Regeneration of Ion Exchanger>. The cleaned working solution is supplied to the three subsystems 85 comprised in the major system 84-1 of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84 through the working-solution-supply-inlet-circulation-pipe 45 after passing the ion exchanger column 74 in the auxiliary system 68. Likewise, the working solution is circulated through the three subsystems 85 connected each other in the major system 84-1 by operating the working-solution-circulation-pump 74.

[0070] <Functions of Auxiliary System> The auxiliary system 68 has a main function of circulating the working solution through the expanded poultry NH.sub.3 gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device 54 equipped in the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84 using the working-solution-major-system-circulation-pipes 45, 46 connecting the major system 84-1 of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system and the auxiliary system and the working solution circulation pump 75 in the auxiliary system 68. The auxiliary system 68 includes primary and secondary components. The primary components are a wet-fine-dust filter 69, working-solution-reservoir-tank 71, working-solution-circulation-pump 72, and ion-exchanger-column 73, which are sequentially connected along with the working-solution-auxiliary-circulation-pipe 97 and secondary components of HCl-solution-tank 77, HCl-solution-supply-pump 78, phosphoric-acid-solution-tank 74, phosphoric-acid-solution-supply-pump 75, ion-exchanger-regenerated-MAP-salt-solution reservoir tank 76, and automatic-tap-water-supplier 70 are directly or indirectly connected to the working-solution-circulation-pipe 45, 46 running throughout the auxiliary system 68 as shown in FIG. 15. The primary components are directly utilized to operate the three subsystems 85. While the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84 is operating, the working solution flows through the primary components in the auxiliary system 68 by following their sequential order described above and then passes through all of the expanded tube-screen-scrubber packs 55 in three subsystems 85 at the same time. During passing of the working solution through the expanded tube-screen-scrubber packs 55, the removal processes of NH.sub.3 gas in the NH.sub.3 gas contaminated air stream are carrying out in all of the expanded tube-screen-scrubber packs 55 for the NH.sub.3 gas in the NH.sub.3 gas contaminated air stream to transfer into the working solution and at the same time, the water in the working solution is evaporated to reduce the amount of water in the working solution. When the amount of water is reduced lower than required limit in the working solution, the loss of water is compensated through an automatic operation of the automatic controlling tap-water-valve 70 in the auxiliary system 68. The automatic supplying of the evaporated amount of water is essential to keep the perfect AHD removal capability of the trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal system 84 for eliminating of the poultry AHD in the exhausted air stream discharging from the poultry facilities. Other function of the auxiliary system 68 is to convert the ammonium NH.sub.4.sup.+ collected in the ion exchanger column 73 to MonoAmmonium Phosphate (MAP, NH.sub.4(H.sub.2PO.sub.4) fertilizer, which is described in the section of <Production of MonoAmmonium Phosphate Fertilizer>.

[0071] <Cross-Current Contacting of NH.sub.3 Gas Contaminated Air and Working Solution Streams in Tube-Screen-Scrubber Device> After passing the dust filter 52 and H.sub.2S gas adsorber 53 devices equipped in the expanded poultry AHD removal equipments 66, the poultry AHD contaminated air streams contain the NH.sub.3 gas and a small amount of remaining fine dust particles unable to be filtered in the dust filter device and then horizontally enter the expanded NH.sub.3 gas removal tube-screen-scrubber devices 54 in which the working solution has been flowing down over the surfaces of the vertical long-tubes 9 vertically installed in the device 54. The NH.sub.3 gas and fine dust particle contaminated air streams pass transversely through the vertical long-tubes 9 vertically installed in the tube-screen-scrubber devices 54 to cross-currently contact with the film-shape working solutions containing H.sup.+ and Cl.sup.− ions flowing down over the surfaces of the vertical long-tubes 9. During cross-currently contacting each other of the NH.sub.3 gas and fine dust particle contaminated air stream and working solution stream on the surfaces of the film-shape working solution flowing down over the vertical long-tubes 9, the NH.sub.3 gas and remaining fine-dust-particles in the air stream are respectively dissolved and transferred into the working solution. The NH.sub.3 gas dissolved in the working solution is reformed into the liquid phase ammonia gas, NH.sub.3(aq), in the working solution. The liquid phase NH.sub.3(aq) is immediately and completely trapped by being converted to liquid phase, NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq), due to chemical reaction with acid, H.sup.+, in the working solution. Such a cross-current contact of the contaminated air stream passing transversely through the vertical long-tubes 9 and the working solution stream vertically flowing down over the surface of the vertical long-tubes 9 continuously occurs on the surfaces of all long-tubes 9 arranged in the zigzag configuration within the device 54 until both of the air and working solution streams completely pass out of the tube-screen-scrubber device 54. Hence, the NH.sub.3 gas and fine dust-particles in the air stream are completely removed into the working solution stream, which means that the clean air is discharged into the environment surrounding the poultry houses and that the working solution passed through the tube-screen-scrubber devices 54 containing the base ions of H.sup.+ and Cl.sup.− and liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions and small amount of fine dust-particles is circuited into the three. subsystems 85 of the major system 84-1 after passing through the auxiliary components of the wet-fine-dust-filter-cartridge 69, working solution reservoir tank 71, working solution circulation pump 75, and ion exchanger column 73, which are consecutively connected on along the working solution pipe 45 in the auxiliary system 68 as shown in FIG. 15. While the working solution is passing through the auxiliary system 68, the dust particles are filtered in the the wet-fine-dust-filter cartridge 69 and the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions are removed from the working solution by exchanging with ion-exchanger-resin-phase H.sup.+ ions on the ion exchanger resin beads in the ion exchanger column 73. Therefore, the working solution supplying to the three subsystems 85 contains only the base ions of H.sup.+ and Cl.sup.− such as in the initial chemical state of the working solution. Likewise, the trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal system 84 operates while the chemical state of the ion exchanger column, the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions trapped in the acid working solution are completely scrubbed into the ion exchanger resin beads, continues until a non-zero or allowable limit breakthrough concentration of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions in the spent acid working solution discharged from the ion exchanger column 73 is detected. The non-zero breakthrough concentration of NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions detected in the spent acid working solution notifies previously a rapid increasing of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ion concentration in the working solution or closing to the allowable limit breakthrough concentration due to rapid dropping off of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ion adsorption capability of the ion exchanger resin in the column 73, which rapid dropping-off of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ adsorption capability of the ion exchanger resin indicates that the H.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin is almost fully changed into the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form resin. Hence, when the non-zero or close allowable limit breakthrough concentration of the NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) ions detected in the spent acid working solution, the operation of the trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal system is stopped and then the ion exchanger column is to be regenerated, which is described in the section of <regeneration of ion exchanger column>.

[0072] <Variation of Chemical Components in Working Solution While Working Solution Circulates through Circulation Pipe> The working solution is the hydrochloride acid water which is made of by adding HCl solution in water. So, the fresh working solution in the working solution reservoir tank 71 at the initial time contains hydrogen cation H.sup.+ and chloride anion Cl.sup.− in water with no any other chemical components. The fresh working solution circulating through the main system 84 contacts for the first time with the NH.sub.3 gas and small amount of fine dust-particles remained in the exhausted air stream on the surfaces of the tubes 9 vertically suspended in the NH.sub.3 gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device 54 equipped in the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal equipment 66. The NH.sub.3 gas present in the air stream dissolves into the working solution stream by penetrating through the interfaces between the NH.sub.3 gas contaminated air and working solution streams. When the NH.sub.3 gas dissolves in the working solution, the chemical components present in the working solution are H.sub.2O, NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq), and CL.sup.− as follows.

H.sub.2O+H.sup.++Cl.sup.−+NH.sub.3(g) .Math. H.sub.2O+H.sup.++Cl.sup.−+NH.sub.3(aq) .Math. H.sub.2O+NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq)+Cl.sup.−  (4)

[0073] The small amount of fine dust-particles remained in the air stream is quickly transferred to the working solution as the dust-particles are easily absorbed into the water. Therefore, the working solution passed through the NH.sub.3 gas removal tube-screen-scrubber devices 54 contains NH.sub.4.sup.+, Cl.sup.−, and fine dust-particles, which continuously flows through the working solution outlet circulation pipes 89 and working solution return inlet circulation pipe 46 to reach the circulation solution reservoir tank 71 after filtering the fine dust-particles through the wet-fine-dust-filter cartridge 69 on the circulation pipe 46 as shown in FIG. 15. The working solution reached and stored in the working solution reservoir tank 71 contains NH.sub.4.sup.+, H.sup.+, and Cl.sup.−. The working solution stored in the reservoir tank 71 is pumped out for next cycles of circulation through the working solution circulation pipe 45 after passing through the ion exchanger column 73. While the working solution passes the ion exchanger column 73, the liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ gets into the ion-exchanger resin beads through micro-pores on the ion exchanger beads and replaces H.sup.+ on the ion-exchanger beads owing to the stronger chemical affinity of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ according to the chemical reaction as follows.

NH.sub.4.sup.++Cl.sup.−+R—H.sup.+.fwdarw.H.sup.++Cl.sup.−+R—NH.sub.4.sup.+  (5)

where R—H is the H.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin and R—NH.sub.4.sup.+ is the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin. The NH.sub.4.sup.+ chemical bonded on the ion exchanger bead is not replaced by H.sup.+ itself because of weaker chemical affinity of the H.sup.+ ion than that of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ion, so that the chemical reaction between the NH.sub.4.sup.+ and R—H.sup.+ occurs in one direction as shown in Eq. (5) until their equilibrium state is reached. Hence, the working solution passed the ion exchanger column 73 contains hydrogen cation H.sup.+ and chloride anion Cl.sup.−. Consequently, the working solution after passing the ion exchanger column 73 contains H.sup.+ and Cl.sup.− as in the initial chemical state of the working solution and the H.sup.+ is used again to capture the NH.sub.3 gas from the exhausted air stream. Likewise, the amount of hydrochloride in the working solution does not change and the NH.sub.3 gas absorbed from the exhausted air stream emitted from the poultry facilities is stored in the ion exchanger after converting the NH.sub.3(aq) to NH.sub.4.sup.+ ion by capturing the NH.sub.3(aq) with H.sup.+ in the working solution.

[0074] <Regeneration of Ion Exchanger Column> While operating of the main system of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system 84, when an allowable threshold concentration limit (e.g. reaching to an equilibrium state between the liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions in the working solution and resin phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ in the ion exchanger resins) is passed or an adsorption capability of the ion exchanger resin for liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ions in the working solution is significantly dropped off, the operation of the main system is stopped and the ion exchanger resin column is necessary to be regenerated. Namely, the chemical state of significantly dropping off of adsorption capability of the ion exchanger resin for the liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions indicates close to an equilibrium state between the liquid phase and resin phase NH.sub.4+ ions as shown in Eq. (6) given below. The chemical components present in the working solution and ion exchanger resin in the ion exchanger column are small amount of NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) and R—H.sup.+ and large amount of HCL and R—NH.sub.4.sup.+, which are in equilibrium state as shown in Eq. (6).

NH.sub.4.sup.++Cl.sup.−+R—H.sup.+ .Math. H.sup.++Cl.sup.−+R—NH.sub.4.sup.+  (6)

where R—NH.sub.4.sup.+ and NH.sub.4.sup.+ are in resin and liquid phases, respectively. If the adsorption capability of the liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions of the ion exchanger resin is in an enough room, the HCl solution is added to the working solution from the HCl solution tank by operating the working solution supply pump as shown in the auxiliary system shown in FIG. 15 and then the main system of the trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal system is continuously operated. If not, the ion exchanger column is regenerated. To regenerate the ion exchanger resin formed with high-affinity NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions than H.sup.+ ions, the high concentrate H.sup.+ solution is necessary to be applied to regenerate the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin. Hence, to provide the high concentration of H.sup.+ ions in the regenerating solution, a high concentrated H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution is chosen because the H.sub.3PO.sub.4 provides H.sup.+ ions to increase the liquid phase H.sup.+ ions and simultaneously produces a fertilizer by reacting with the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions exchanged with the concentrate H.sup.+ ions. The high concentrated regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution is supplied into the ion exchanger column through the bottom inlet port of the ion exchanger column by operating of the regeneration phosphoric acid solution pump from the regeneration phosphoric acid tank and the spent regeneration phosphoric acid solution is discharged out through the outlet port on top of the ion exchanger column and collected in the MonoAmmonium Phosphate (MAP) salt collection tank. While passing of the regeneration phosphoric acid solution upwards through the ion exchanger column, the resin phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions on the ion exchanger resin are exchanged with the concentrated acid H.sup.+ions in the regeneration solution to become liquid phase, NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq), in the regeneration phosphoric acid solution and then the NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) chemically reacts with phosphoric acid, H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.−, in the working solution to produce the MAP, NH.sub.4(H.sub.2PO.sub.4), salt in the regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution as shown in Eq (7). The Eq. (7) shows

R—NH.sub.4+HCl+H.sup.++H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.−.fwdarw.R—H+NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq)+HCl+H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.−.fwdarw.R—H+HCL+NH.sub.4(H.sub.2PO.sub.4) ↓  (7)

three steps of chemical reactions between the regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution and NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin to produce the MAP salt fertilizer and to change the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin into H.sup.+ form. These chemical processes occur while passing of the regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution through the ion exchanger column. The spent regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution passed out of the ion exchanger column contains HCl solution and MAP salt, which is collected in the MAP salt collection tank. Since the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin is regenerated by once-through-passing of the regeneration solution through the ion exchanger column, the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin is contacted with fresh regeneration solution all through the processing of the ion exchanger regeneration. Hence, the NH.sub.4.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin in the ion exchanger column is completely regenerated to be in the H.sup.+ form ion exchanger resin, which is ready for next operation of the standard and trapezoidal-duct assisting expanded poultry AHD removal systems.

[0075] <Production of MonoAmmonium Phosphate Fertilizer> To regenerate the NH.sub.4.sup.+ formed ion exchanger resin contained in the ion exchanger column 73, firstly, on/off valves 79 on the working solution circulation pipes connected to the bottom and top portion of the ion exchanger column are closed and the on/off valves on regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution supplying pipe 73-1 attached to the bottom portion of the ion exchanger column and spent regeneration solution discharging pipe 73-2 respectively connected to the bottom and top portions of the ion exchanger column 73 are open. Then, the regeneration H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution is supplied into the ion exchanger column73 through the regeneration supply pipe 73-1 from the H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution tank 74 by operating of the regeneration solution supply pump 75 as shown in the auxiliary system 68 shown in FIG. 15. While the H.sub.3PO.sub.4 acid solution containing concentrated H.sup.+, Cl.sup.−, and H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.− is passing upwards through the ion exchanger column 73, the concentrated acid H.sup.+ ions in the regeneration solution replace the resin phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions on the ion exchanger resin, R—NH.sub.4, to become liquid phase NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) in the regeneration solution and then the NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) reacts with phosphoric acid, H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.−, in the regeneration solution to produce MonoAmmonium Phosphate (MAP, NH.sub.4(H.sub.2PO.sub.4)) salt in the regeneration solution as shown in Eq (7). Such chemical processes of exchanging of resin phase NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions with acid H.sup.+ ions and producing of MAP by reacting of NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) with H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.− in the regeneration solution start at the bottom of the column 73 and continue all through the column 73 until the spent regeneration solution discharges out of the ion exchanger column 73 through the spent regeneration solution discharging pipe 73-2 attached top portion of the column 73. The regeneration process of the ion exchanger column 73 is continued until the NH.sub.4.sup.+(aq) ions are not detected or lower than a required concentration of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ ions in the spent regeneration solution. During the regenerating process of the NH.sub.4.sup.+ formed ion exchanger resin column, the spent regeneration solution generated in the column 73 is discharged through the spent regeneration solution discharging pipe 73-2 attached top portion of the column 73 and stored in the MAP salt solution collection tank 76. The MAP is weak soluble in the water so that the MAP salt solution is dried to produce solid MAP fertilizer particles. Using molar masses of MAP (NH.sub.4H.sub.2PO.sub.4) and phosphoric acid are 149 and 98 g/mol, respectively, it is understood that to produce 149 g of MAP fertilizer, 51 g/mol of ammonia is necessary. Therefore, daily ammonia emission rate from 110,000 broiler chicken house was 66 lb NH.sub.3/day-house by using 0.27 g NH.sub.3/day/bird at previous assumption (Now, 0.54 g NH.sub.3/day/bird) due to Environmental Integrity Project reported on Jan. 22, 2018 for poultry broiler house producing 110,000 [4]. In case of 90% removed ammonia, the Amount of MAP fertilizer produced was 90 lb/day-house (66 lb/d×0.9×149.09/98 equal to 90 lb/day). But now it may be 180 lb/day for the chicken house producing 110,000 broilers, based on assumption of 2 times increased broiler production compared to the old data.

[0076] The tube-screen-scrubber device of the present invention is invented for removing of the poultry ammonia gas from the exhausted air stream emitting from the poultry production facilities, supplementing the disadvantages of the current wet-scrubber devices. The tube-screen-scrubber pack being employed in the tube-screen-scrubber device satisfactorily meets the well-known three grouped requirements of packing materials necessary to effectively perform scrubbing of gas described in the section of <Disadvantages of Current Commercializing Cross-Current-Type Packed Bed>. The structured packing material of the tube-screen-scrubber pack is same with that of the tube-screen-fill pack patented by the present inventor for improving the drawbacks of the current cooling tower fill pack. The tube-screen-scrubber pack has been verified by operating of the prototype cooling tower for the performance-testing of the tube-screen-fill pack and current cooling tower PVC film fill pack, having obtained a 30% higher water cooling efficiency compared to that of the current cooling tower PVC film fill pack and a specific surface area of 24 ft.sup.2/ft.sup.3 compared to 55 ft.sup.2/ft.sup.3 for cooling tower PVC film fill pack. Applying such approved tube-screen-scrubber packs in the poultry NH.sub.3 gas removal tube-screen-scrubber device invented in the present invention, it is believed that the trapezoidal-duct assisting poultry AHD removal system uniquely applied and invented in the present invention removes all sources emitting from the poultry farms providing major causes to the environmental problems and to the opposition of the residential communities surrounding the poultry farms against the expansion of the existing poultry farms.

[0077] While only specific embodiments of the invention has been described and shown, this invention may be further modified and altered within the concept and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any modifications, alterations, variations, adaptations, or use of the invention using its general principles. Further, it is intended to include all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalent thereof.