TOPICAL COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF SKIN IRRITATION

Abstract

A topical pharmaceutical or composition for prevention and treatment of irritation to skin cells. The composition comprises an aqueous solution of xylitol and glycerol. In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises 5% (w/w) xylitol, 5% (w/w) glycerol, a viscosity-enhancing agent, base to bring to the pH to 4.9, and optionally, a pharmaceutically active agent.

Claims

1. A topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition free of any oil-in-water or wax-in-water emulsions, wherein said composition comprises an aqueous solution of: a component selected from the group consisting of xylitol, myoinositol or mannitol and any combination thereof; and, a component selected from the group consisting of glycerol, urea and combinations thereof; said aqueous solution containing less than 0.01% inorganic salt; and further wherein said composition is an effective treatment for irritation of skin cells.

2. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 1, consisting essentially of an aqueous solution comprising: 5-18% of a component selected from the group consisting of xylitol, myoinositol and mannitol or any combination thereof; 2.5-10% of a component selected from the group consisting of glycerol, urea, and combinations thereof; optionally, at least one component selected from the group consisting of pharmaceutically active agents, pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, additives, preservatives, and viscosity enhancing agents; and, less than 0.01% inorganic salt.

3. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 1, consisting of an aqueous gel consisting of, in each 100 ml: 5.0 g mannitol; 8.0 g glycerol; 5.0 g urea; 5.0 g glycine; 0.1 g methylparaben; 0.01 g propylparaben; 0.7 g polyacrylate adjusted to pH 4.5; and, water to 100 ml.

4. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 1, consisting of an aqueous gel consisting of, in each 100 ml: 8.0 g glycerol; 7.0 g xylitol; 2.0 g polyethylene glycol 3350; 0.25 g phospholipids; 0.2 g phytosphignosine suspension; 1.0 g polyacrylate selected from the group consisting of polyacrylate 980 and polyacrylate 974; 0.1 g methylparaben; 0.01 g propylparaben; and, water to 100 ml.

5. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 1, consisting of an aqueous gel, said aqueous gel comprising, in each 100 ml: 5 g xylitol; 5 g glycerol; an amount of a viscosity-enhancing agent sufficient to bring said gel to a predetermined viscosity; an effective amount of a preservative; and, water to 100 ml.

6. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 5, wherein said viscosity-enhancing agent is polyacrylate 980.

7. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 5, wherein said preservative is methylparaben.

8. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 7, wherein effective amount of said preservative is 0.2% methylparaben.

9. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 5, wherein said composition comprises an effective amount of at least one pharmaceutically active agent in solution or in suspension, but not in emulsion.

10. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 9, wherein said pharmaceutically active agent is diclofenac.

11. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 5, comprising base in sufficient quantity to yield a gel having a predetermined pH.

12. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 5, consisting of an aqueous gel consisting of, in each 100 ml: 5 g glycerol; 5 g xylitol; 0.4 g polyacrylate 980; an effective amount of a preservative; sufficient NaOH to yield a gel characterized by a pH of 4.9; and, water to 100 ml.

13. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 12, wherein said effective amount of said preservative consists of 0.2% methylparaben.

14. The topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition according to claim 1, wherein said irritation is caused by at least one component a topically used composition, said component selected from the group consisting of preservatives, detergents and drugs.

Description

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

[0010] It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective topical composition, for combating damaging effects of irritants to mucous and skin cells.

[0011] Unless otherwise indicated, all concentrations are given as percent w/w.

[0012] The present invention relates to topical compositions for combating damaging effects of preservatives or other irritants, found, e.g. in multi-dose eye drops, to mucous cells, especially in the corneal cells and simultaneously beneficial to those tissues. It was found that glycerol counteracts corneal cell damage caused by preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium bromide, sodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, etc. Not all the polyhydroxy compounds have such anti-irritant properties. Moreover, it is known that isotonic sodium chloride is toxic to the corneal cells, whereas isotonic glycerol is not toxic. (Follmann, P. et. al. Szemeszet 141, 305-308, 2004.)

[0013] In addition two physicochemical parameters are very important for a good topical composition: increased viscosity and increased spread of the solution.

[0014] Increased viscosity is achieved by high molecular weight (equal to more than 0.5 million Dalton) polymers. Increased spread is achieved by surface active agents, however after chronic use the surface active agents usually have damaging effects. (See Animal Studies, a).

[0015] It has now been found according to the present invention that all of the above mentioned problems of irritation by preservatives, detergents and other cell damaging agents disappear, and the beneficial effects are preserved or increased, by using a combination of xylitol, myoinositol or mannitol with glycerol and/or urea, preferably together with a surface active agent.

[0016] The advantages resulting from the addition of a surface active agent include a decrease in the surface tension of the aqueous solution, thereby increasing the spread. Thus it has now been found, that polysorbate 90 even at a concentration of 0.002% increases the diminished Break Up Time (BUT) in dry eye patients. It is accepted that 10 sec. or less BUT indicates dry eye syndrome (See Human Studies 1).

[0017] Thus, according to the present invention there are now provided topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic compositions for the prevention and treatment of irritation of mucous cells, or skin cells, comprising a combination of: [0018] xylitol, myoinositol or mannitol or any combination of these; [0019] glycerol and/or urea; [0020] water; [0021] in the absence of any oil in water or wax in water emulsion.

[0022] The present invention provides topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic compositions for the prevention and treatment of irritation of mucous cells, comprising a combination of: [0023] 1.5-5.5% xylitol, myoinositol or mannitol or any combination of these; [0024] 0.9-2.0% glycerol; [0025] less than 0.01% inorganic salts; [0026] water; [0027] in the absence of any oil in water or wax in water emulsion.

[0028] The present invention further provides topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic compositions, for the prevention and treatment of irritation of skin cells, comprising a combination of: [0029] 5-18% xylitol, myoinositol or mannitol or any combination of these; [0030] 5-10% glycerol and/or urea; [0031] water; [0032] in the absence of any oil in water or wax in water emulsion.

[0033] The present invention further provides topical pharmaceutical or cosmetic compositions, for the prevention and treatment of irritation of skin cells, comprising a combination of: [0034] 5% xylitol; [0035] 5% glycerol; [0036] a viscosity-enhancing agent; [0037] an effective amount of a preservative; [0038] optionally, base to adjust the pH to a predetermined value; and, [0039] water; [0040] in the absence of any oil in water or wax in water emulsion.

[0041] In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the viscosity-enhancing agent is polyacrylate 980.

[0042] In some particularly preferred embodiments of the invention, it consists of an aqueous gel consisting of: [0043] 5% xylitol; [0044] 5% glycerol; [0045] 0.4% of a viscosity-enhancing agent; [0046] an effective amount of a preservative; [0047] sufficient NaOH to bring the pH to 4.9; and, [0048] water.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the preservative used is methylparaben. In some particularly preferred embodiments of the invention, 0.2% methylparaben is used as a preservative.

[0050] More specifically the present invention preferably provides a non-irritant topical cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition for mucous cells or for the skin, as defined above, for the prevention of cell damage caused by preservatives, detergents or drugs in topically used cosmetic, pharmaceutical or veterinary compositions.

[0051] In especially preferred embodiments of the present invention there is provided a non-irritant topical cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition for mucous cells or for the skin, as defined above, further comprising an effective amount of at least one pharmaceutically active agent in solution or in suspension, but not in emulsion.

[0052] In preferred embodiments of the present invention there is provided a non-irritant topical cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition for mucous cells or for the skin, as defined above, further comprising at least one viscosity enhancing agent.

[0053] While the invention will now be described in connection with certain preferred embodiments in the following examples so that aspects thereof may be more fully understood and appreciated, it is not intended to limit the invention of these particular embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Thus, the following examples which include preferred embodiments will serve to illustrate the practice of this invention, it being understood that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of preferred embodiments of the present invention only and are presented in the cause of proving what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of formulation procedures as well as of the principles and conceptual aspects of the invention.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

Moisturizing Eye Drops

[0054]

TABLE-US-00001 Sodium hyaluronate 0.03 g Povidone  2.0 g Glycerol  1.0 g Mannitol  3.2 g Centrimide 0.01 g NaOH q.s. to pH 7.0 H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 2

Moisturizing Eye Drops

[0055]

TABLE-US-00002 Glycerol  1.3 g Xylitol  2.2 g Benzalkonium Chloride 0.01 g NaOH q.s. to pH 7.0 H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 3

Moisturizing Eye Drops Unit Dose Form for Single Application

[0056]

TABLE-US-00003 Sodium hyaluronate 0.03 g Povidone  2.0 g Glycerol  1.0 g Myoinositol  3.2 g NaOH q.s. to pH 7.0 H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 4

Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Eye Drops

[0057]

TABLE-US-00004 Glycerol  1.3 g Xylitol  2.2 g Sodium diclofenac  0.1 g Benzalkonium Chloride 0.01 g NaOH q.s. to pH 7.2 H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 5

Moisturizing Anti-Inflammatory Eye Drops Unit Dose for Single Application

[0058]

TABLE-US-00005 Glycerol 1.0 g Mannitol 1.6 g Xylitol 1.6 g Sodium diclofenac 0.1 g NaOH q.s. to pH 7.2 H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 6

Moisturizing Gel for Skin

[0059]

TABLE-US-00006 Glycerol  8.0 g Mannitol  5.0 g Urea  5.0 g Glycine  5.0 g Methylparaben  0.1 g Propylparaben 0.01 g Polyacrylate 980 adjusted to pH 4.5  0.7 g H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 7

Moisturizing Gel for Skin

[0060]

TABLE-US-00007 Glycerol 10.0 g Xylitol  8.0 g Urea  5.0 g Glycine  5.0 g Methylparaben  0.1 g Propylparaben 0.01 g Polyacrylate 980 adjusted to pH 4.5  0.7 g H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 8

Moisturizing Gel for Skin

[0061]

TABLE-US-00008 Glycerol  8.0 g Myoinositol  4.5 g Xylitol  3.5 g Urea  5.0 g Glycine  5.0 g Methylparaben  0.1 g Propylparaben 0.01 g Polyacrylate 980 adjusted to pH 4.5  0.7 g H.sub.2O to 100 ml

Example 9

Moisturizing Gel with Phytosphingosine Suspension for Skin

[0062]

TABLE-US-00009 Glycerol  8.0 g Xylitol  7.0 g Polyethylene Glycol 3350  2.0 g Phospholipids 0.25 g Phytosphingosine in suspension  0.2 g Polyacrylate 980 or 974  1.0 g Methylparaben  0.1 g Propylparaben 0.01 g H.sub.2O to 100 ml

[0063] Suitable preservatives, suspending agents, excipients and other additives can be incorporated. The preferred pH (to be adjusted) of the compositions of examples 6 to 9 is pH 4.0 to 6.0.

Methods:

Human Studies

[0064] a. 23 dry eye patients received in both eyes 5 drops of Fluorescein-Novesin mixture. After 30 seconds the right eye was treated with 1 drop from the treatment bottle. The patient was asked to blink 2-3 times, then the fluorescein BUT was measured. Afterwards the left eye was treated with 1 drop from the Control bottle, the patient was asked to blink 2-3 times. Then the fluorescein BUT was measured. [0065] Materials: Control—0.9% NaCl (saline); surface tension 72 mN/m [0066] Treatment=as Control+0.002% Tween 80; surface tension 49 mN/m (dyn/cm) [0067] Results:

TABLE-US-00010 Left eye—Control Right Eye—Treatment 7.7 ± 0.4 s 12.7 ± 1.5 s Paired differences 5.0 ± 1.4 s (p~0.001)
b. Examination of Treatment, of Conjunctival Damage, in Dry Eye Syndrome.

[0068] One month study, use of the eye drops three times a day:

[0069] Left eye=essentially isotonic Glycerol (marketed product) (L).

[0070] Right eye=50% isotonic Glycerol+50% isotonic Xylitol (R).

TABLE-US-00011 Rose Bengal score (Oxford Scale) Before One Month Patient No. R L R L 1 3 3 1 2 2 2 3 0 2 3 2 3 0 2 4 3 3 1 2 5 1 3 1 2 mean 2.2 3 0.6 2

TABLE-US-00012 Personal satisfaction Before One Month Patient No. R L R L 1 0 0 2 1 2 0 0 2 1 3 0 0 2 1 4 0 0 2 1 5 0 0 2 1 mean 0 0 2 1 0 = not satisfied 1 = better 2 = much better

[0071] Essentially the same results were obtained by using myoinositol instead of xylitol.

Animal Studies

[0072] a. 3 rabbits were treated for 3 months twice daily with eye drops, adjusted to pH 7.0. The average cross section of the epithelial conical cells and the percentage of damaged cells were evaluated by electromicroscopy.

TABLE-US-00013 Cross Damaged section Cells Treatment in μ.sup.2 % None 590 16  0.9% NaCl 542 28  0.01% Benzalkonium Chloride + 0.9% NaCl 538 29  0.01% Benzalkonium Chloride + 2.5% Glycerol 699 14  0.01% Cetrimonium Bromide + 0.9% NaCl 591 27  0.01% Cetrimonium Bromide + 2.5% Glycerol 625 19  0.1% Na.sub.2EDTA + 0.9% NaCl 531 15  0.1% Na.sub.2EDTA + 2.5% Glycerol 616 17 0.025% Polysorbate 80 + 0.9% NaCl 440 25 0.025% Polysorbate 80 + 2.5% Glycerol 600 18  2.5% Glycerol 605 17  0.01% Benzalkonium Chloride + 4.5% Xylitol 554 19  0.01% Benzalkonium Chloride + 5.4% Myoinositol 584 19  0.01% Benzalkonium Chloride + 5.4% Mannitol 570 21
b. Prevention of Dry Skin (Irritation) Caused by 2% Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (Method: Modification of Sagiv et al. Skin Res. Technol. 6, 37, 2000)

[0073] Daily topical application of molar or isotonic polyols in deionized water, half an hour before application of 2% sodium lauryl sulphate in deionized water (SLS), on one of the two shaved flanks of guinea pigs, for three consecutive days, was examined in order to prevent SLS induced “Dry skin syndrome.” Skin dryness and erythema were measured four days later in vivo:

TABLE-US-00014 Name Concentration Corneometer Mexameter Glycerol   1M  5.5 ± 1.9 (E)  4.1 ± 3.3 (E) Glycerol 0.3M 25.9 ± 1.7 (NE) 27.4 ± 2.2 (NE) Xylitol 0.3M  2.8 ± 1.0 (E)  0.2 ± 0.4 (E) Myoinositol 0.3M  0.3 ± 1.1 (E)  5.1 ± 0.9 (E?) Mannitol 0.3M  2.2 ± 1.6 (E)  1.7 ± 0.5 (E)

[0074] Treatment of Dry Skin Induced by 2% Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (Sagiv et al, Skin Res. Technol. 6, 37, 2000)

TABLE-US-00015 Name Concentration Corneometer Mexameter Glycerol   1M 3.2 ± 1.7 (E)    1.5 ± 3.0 (E) Glycerol 0.3M 3.3 ± 2.3 (E)   21.2 ± 0.9 (NE) Xylitol 0.3M 1.3 ± 1.1 (E)    1.2 ± 0.9 (E) Myoinositol 0.3M 0.7 ± 1.8 (E)    1.0 ± 0.9 (E) Mannitol 0.3M 1.4 ± 0.6 (E)  −0.1 ± 0.3 (E) (E) = Effective = No significant difference or little difference between the treated and untreated side. (NE) = Not effective = Very large and significant difference between the treated and untreated side.

[0075] It was claimed that to be sure of efficacy both the “Corneometer” and “Maxameter” measurements have to be “Effective” (Sagiv et al. Skin Res. Technol. 6, 37, 2000).

[0076] It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative examples and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the essential attributes thereof, and it is therefore desired that the present embodiments and examples be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, reference being made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.