Apparatus and method for processing cups

Abstract

An apparatus (1) for processing cups (2), adapted to be filled with coffee or other products, whether solid or liquid, and to be closed with respective lids to form corresponding capsules, comprises: a plurality of pockets (50) for housing the cups (2); an infeed station (4) for receiving the cups (2) and placing them in respective pockets (50) of the plurality of pockets (50); at least one tool (31) for applying a process to a rear face (23B) of an annular flange (23) of a cup (2) housed a respective pocket (50), to form a sealing profile (230); an outfeed station (6) configured to release the cups (2) with the sealing profile (230) formed on them.

Claims

1. A line for making capsules intended to contain a product, comprising: a forming machine configured to form cups, wherein each cup includes a containment body, which extends between a bottom wall and an upper edge, and an annular flange connected to the upper edge and having a rear face, directed towards the containment body, and a front face, opposite to the rear face; and an apparatus for processing the cups, wherein the front face of each of the cups is adapted to receive a lid to form a capsule, the apparatus comprising: at least one pocket, configured to house a corresponding cup; at least one tool configured to apply a process to at least the rear face or the front face of the annular flange of the cup inside the at least one pocket, so as to form a sealing profile; a filling machine configured to fill the cups with coffee or other solid or liquid products; an applicator machine, configured to apply a lid to the front face of each cup to form a respective capsule.

2. The line according to claim 1, the apparatus further comprising: a plurality of pockets configured to house a corresponding plurality of cups; an infeed station configured to receive the cups and placing them in respective pockets of the plurality of pockets and an outfeed station configured to release the cups, with the sealing profile formed on them, to an outlet of the apparatus, wherein, the at least one tool is configured to apply the process to the rear face of the annular flange of a cup inside a respective pocket of the plurality of pockets, to form a sealing profile.

3. The line according to claim 2, comprising a rotary carousel, wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets are angularly spaced on the carousel; and for each pocket of the plurality of pockets, a respective rotary tool which rotates as one with the carousel and which is configured to apply a process to the rear face of the annular flange of the cup inside the pocket.

4. The line according to claim 1, comprising a corresponding abutment element associated with the at least one tool, wherein the at least one tool includes a main body and one or more protrusions projecting from the main body and wherein the at least one tool and the corresponding abutment element are movable between an open configuration, in which they are spaced apart, and a closed configuration, in which they are close together and the abutment element is in contact with the front face of the annular flange and the one or more protrusions of the at least one tool penetrate the annular flange, impressing the sealing profile therein.

5. The line according to claim 4, wherein the abutment element is radially symmetric about its axis of symmetry and includes a contact surface, configured to come into abutment against the front face of the annular flange, and a centring body which projects from the contact surface and which, in the closed configuration, at least partly enters the containment body of the cup to provide a centring effect on the cup in the respective pocket.

6. The line according to claim 1, wherein either or both of the following condition is met: (i) the at least one tool includes a respective heating element configured to heat the at least one tool; (ii) the apparatus includes at least one heater configured to heat the annular flange of the cup inside the at least one pocket.

7. The line according to claim 1, wherein the at least one tool includes a milling cutter configured to remove material from the rear face of the annular flange, to form the sealing profile.

8. The line according to claim 1, wherein the line is configured to transfer the cups, with the sealing profile formed on them and released by the outfeed station of the apparatus for processing the cups, to an infeed station of the filling machine.

9. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes: a plurality of pockets, each pocket configured to house a corresponding cup in a respective cavity; a rotary carousel, wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets are angularly spaced on the carousel; for each pocket of the rotary carousel, a respective centring device, the centring device including a first part and a second part, movable towards and away from each other, wherein each of the first part and a second part of the centring device delimits a portion of the cavity.

10. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes a plurality of nozzles connected to a pressurized liquid tank and configured to direct the pressurized liquid at the annular flange to form the sealing profile.

11. The line according to claim 1, wherein the at least one tool comprises a plurality of parts, wherein each part of the plurality of parts is movable towards and away from the flange independently of the other parts of the plurality of parts.

12. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is built into a forming machine, wherein the forming machine is configured to form the cups from respective quantities of material or preforms.

13. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes at least one centring tool having an annular shape, further to the least one tool configured to apply the process to at least the rear face or the front face of the annular flange of the cup.

14. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is built into a lid applicator machine configured to apply a lid to the cup to form the capsule.

15. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes a rotary carousel, wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets are angularly spaced on the carousel.

16. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes a die block in which the pockets of the plurality of pockets are disposed; a respective tool for each pocket of the plurality of pockets, wherein the tools of all the pockets of the plurality of pockets are configured to apply the processes simultaneously on all the cups received (or housed) in the respective pockets of the plurality of pockets.

17. The line according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus includes a processing unit, the at least one tool being part of the processing unit, and wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets are movable relative to the processing unit.

18. The line according to claim 1, comprising, in the pockets respective moulds for forming the capsules and, for each pocket, a tool having a rest position, where it is retracted within the mould, and a working position, where it projects telescopically from the mould.

19. A method for making capsules intended to contain a product, comprising the following steps: forming cups, wherein each cup includes a containment body, which extends between a bottom wall and an upper edge, and an annular flange connected to the upper edge and having a rear face, directed towards the containment body, and a front face, opposite to the rear face; processing the cups adapted to be filled with coffee or other products, whether solid or liquid, and to be closed with respective lids to form corresponding capsules; filling the cups with coffee or other solid or liquid products; applying a lid to the front face of each cup to form a respective capsule, wherein the processing step further includes: receiving the cups and placing each cup in a pocket of the apparatus; applying a process to at least the rear face or the front face of the annular flange of the cup inside the pocket, so as to form a sealing profile by means of at least one tool of the apparatus; releasing the cups with the sealing profile formed on them.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the step of applying the process comprises a step of processing the front face of the annular flange of the cup to form a knurled zone suitable for welding the lid.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) These and other features will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, illustrated by way of non-limiting example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

(2) FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for processing cups according to this disclosure;

(3) FIGS. 2A and 2B show a tool and a corresponding abutment element of a possible embodiment of the apparatus of FIG. 1 respectively in a closed configuration to impress a sealing profile on a cup and in an open configuration after the sealing profile has been formed;

(4) FIGS. 3A and 3B, 4A and 4B, 5A and 5B, 6A and 6B show possible variant embodiments of the tool and of the corresponding abutment element of FIGS. 2A and 2B in the closed configuration and in the open configuration, respectively;

(5) FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 show possible variant embodiments of the tool of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

(6) FIGS. 9A. 9B and 9C show the tool of FIG. 9 in respective processing positions;

(7) FIG. 10A shows a possible variant embodiment of the tool;

(8) FIG. 10B shows the cup formed by the variant embodiment of FIG. 10A, with a lid applied thereon.

(9) FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of a carousel of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

(10) FIG. 12 shows an axial cross section of a pocket of the carousel of FIG. 11 with a cup housed therein;

(11) FIG. 13 shows a top view of a pocket of the carousel of FIG. 11;

(12) FIG. 14 shows a variant embodiment of the carousel of FIG. 11;

(13) FIG. 15 shows a carousel pocket, with a cup housed inside it, in a possible variant embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

(14) With reference to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 denotes an apparatus for processing cups 2.

(15) Each cup includes a containment body 21. Each cup includes a bottom wall 22. Each cup includes an annular flange or flange-like rim 23. The annular flange 23 extends around an axis A of the cup. The annular flange 23 has a rear face 23B facing towards the containment body 21. The annular flange 23 has a front face 23A opposite to the rear face 23B. The top face 23A is adapted to receive a lid 7 (after the cup has been filled) to form a capsule.

(16) In an embodiment, the apparatus 1 comprises a processing carousel 5. The apparatus 1 comprises a plurality of processing pockets 50, disposed on the processing carousel 5. Preferably, the pockets 50 are angularly equispaced on the processing carousel 5. The pockets 50 are configured to house the cups 2 during processing. The processing carousel 5 rotates about its axis of rotation C. For each processing pocket 50, the apparatus 1 comprises a respective processing station 10. The processing station 10 is configured to process a cup 2 housed in the corresponding pocket 50.

(17) The apparatus 1 comprises an infeed station 4. In an embodiment, the infeed station 4 is structured like an infeed carousel. The infeed carousel rotates about its axis of rotation B. The infeed carousel comprises a plurality of insertion pockets 40. The infeed carousel is configured to feed the cups 2 to the processing carousel 5. Thus, the preformed cups 2 are fed to the insertion pockets 40 and from there to the pockets 50 of the processing carousel 5.

(18) The apparatus 1 comprises an outfeed station 6. In an embodiment, the outfeed station 6 is structured like an outfeed carousel. The outfeed carousel rotates about its axis of rotation D. The outfeed carousel comprises a plurality of outfeed pockets 60. The outfeed carousel is configured to receive the cups 2, with the sealing profile formed on them, from the carousel 5. Thus, the cups 2 with the sealing profile formed on them are released from the pockets 50 of the processing carousel 5 and placed in the outfeed pockets 60.

(19) For each pocket 50 of the processing carousel 5, the apparatus 1 comprises a respective tool 31 (the tool is preferably included in the processing station 10 corresponding to the pocket 50). The tool 31 is disposed in the respective pocket 50. The tool 31 rotates as one with the processing carousel 5 about its axis of rotation C.

(20) In an embodiment, the tool 31 is configured to form a sealing profile 230 on the rear face 23B of the flange 23 of the cup 2 inside the respective pocket 50.

(21) In an embodiment, the tool 31 is configured to form a sealing profile 230 on the front face 23A of the flange 23 of the cup 2 inside the respective pocket 50.

(22) For each pocket 50 of the processing carousel 5, the apparatus 1 comprises a respective abutment element 32 (the abutment element 32 is preferably included in the processing station 10 corresponding to the pocket 50). The abutment element 32 is associated with the tool 31 of the respective pocket 50.

(23) For each pocket 50 of the processing carousel 5, the apparatus 1 may also comprise a respective centring device 8, configured to facilitate centring the cup 2 in the pocket 50. The centring device 8 is connected to the carousel 5. In the embodiment illustrated, the centring device 8 defines a central cavity in which the cup 2 is housed. More specifically, the centring device 8 includes a first part and a second part, each of which delimits a half of the cavity the cup is housed in; the first part and the second part may be movable towards and away from each other.

(24) In an embodiment, the tool 31 extends symmetrically about its axis of symmetry. In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes a body 310 (or main body).

(25) In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes at least one protrusion (or protuberance) 311 projecting from the body 310. In an embodiment, the at least one protrusion 311, has an annular shape. In an embodiment, the at least one protrusion 311, has a broken annular profile. In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes a protrusion 311. In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes two protrusions 311 (spaced from each other). In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes three protrusions 311 (spaced from each other). In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes four protrusions 311 (spaced from each other). In an embodiment, the one or more protrusions 311 are triangular in shape. In an embodiment, the one or more protrusions 311 are trapezoidal in shape.

(26) In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises a body 320. In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises a flat contact surface 322. The contact surface 322 is configured to come into contact with the top face 23A of the annular flange 23 (acting as an abutment for the tool 31).

(27) In an embodiment, the tool 31 and the respective abutment element 32 are movable between an open configuration and a closed configuration. In the open configuration, the tool 31 and the respective abutment element 32 are spaced from each other. The open configuration is suitable for inserting the cup 2 into the pocket 50 and for removing the cup 2 from the pocket 50. In the closed configuration, the tool 31 and the respective abutment element 32 are close together: the abutment element 32 is in contact with the top surface 23A of the flange 23, while the at least one protrusion 311 of the tool 31 penetrates the rear face 23B of the flange 23, deforming it and impressing a sealing profile 230 in it. In an embodiment, the annular flange 23 has a thickened zone which the at least one protrusion 311 penetrates. In an embodiment, in the closed configuration, the flat contact surface 322 comes into contact with the front surface 23A without deforming it.

(28) At least one between the tool 31 and the abutment element 32 is movable relative to the carousel 5 to be positioned between the open configuration and the closed configuration. More specifically, for each tool 31, the apparatus 1 comprises a respective actuator 314 (for example, a reduction gear motor) configured to move the tool 31 in parallel with the axis C of the carousel 5. Alternatively, or in addition, for each abutment element 32, the apparatus 1 may comprise a respective actuator 324 (for example, a reduction gear motor) configured to move the abutment element 32 in parallel with the axis C of the carousel 5.

(29) In an embodiment, the tool 31 and the abutment element 32 are connected to the carousel 5 (that is, are mounted on the carousel); in this embodiment, the actuator 314 of the tool 31 and/or the actuator 324 of the abutment element are also mounted on the carousel 5.

(30) In an embodiment, the carousel 5 comprises a top plate 5A, on which the abutment elements 32 are mounted, and a bottom plate 5B, on which the tools 31 are mounted; the top plate 5A is parallel to the bottom plate 5B and rotates about the same axis of rotation C. The tools 31 are movable relative to the bottom plate 5B, towards and away from the bottom plate 5B (by means of the actuator 314), and/or the abutment elements 32 are movable relative to the top plate 5A, towards and away from the top plate 5A (by means of the actuator 324), in addition or in alternative, the top plate 5A and the bottom plate 5B are movable relative to each other, towards and away from each other.

(31) In an embodiment, each pocket 50 of the carousel 5 comprises a supporting element 35 to supportably receive the bottom wall 22 of the cup 2. In an embodiment, the supporting element 35 is connected by a spring 34 (also included in the pocket 50) to a supporting surface 340; the supporting element 35 is movable relative to the supporting surface 340 by means of the spring 34. That way, when the tool 31 moves away from the abutment element 32, the spring 34 pushes the cup out of the pocket 50. In the case where the carousel 5 includes a top plate 5A and a bottom plate 5B, the supporting element 35, the spring 34 and the supporting surface 340 are preferably connected to the bottom plate 5B. The tool 31 may be mounted on the supporting surface 340 fixedly or movably.

(32) In an embodiment, the tool 31 includes a cavity 312 hollowed out in the main body 310.

(33) In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises at least one protrusion (or protuberance) 321 projecting from the body 320 of the abutment element 32 (that is, from the contact surface 322). In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises a protuberance 321. In an embodiment, the at least one protrusion 321, has an annular shape. In an embodiment, the at least one protrusion 321, has a broken annular profile. In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises two protuberances 321 (spaced from each other). In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises three protuberances 321 (spaced from each other). In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises four protuberances 321 (spaced from each other). In an embodiment, in the closed configuration, the one or more protrusions 321 of the abutment element 32 penetrate the front face 23A of the annular flange 23, impressing a shape therein.

(34) In an embodiment, in the closed configuration, the one or more protrusions 321 of the abutment element push the material of the annular flange 323 into the cavity 312 of the tool, creating the sealing profile 320 by displacing the material of the annular flange.

(35) In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 is radially symmetric about its axis of symmetry. In an embodiment, the abutment element 32 comprises a centring body 323 projecting from the contact surface 322 (and from the body 320). In an embodiment, the centring body 323 in the closed configuration (at least partly) enters the containment body 21 of the cup 2. That way, the centring body 323 provides a centring effect on the cup 2 in the pocket 50 such that the axis A of the cup 2 is made to correspond to the axis of symmetry of the abutment element 32 and to the axis of symmetry of the tool 31.

(36) In an embodiment, tool 31 comprises a first part 31A and a second part 31B. In an embodiment, the tool 31 comprises a plurality of parts. In an embodiment, each part 31A, 31B is movable independently towards and away from the flange 23. In an embodiment, the control unit is programmed to activate (that is, move to the closed configuration) only the first part 31A or only the second part 31B or both the first and the second part 31A and 31B in succession, depending on the geometry of the sealing profile 230 required. Dividing the tool into two or more parts allows a high level of flexibility in the production of the sealing profiles: in particular, it allows easily varying the geometry and making the complex geometries with a good degree of precision.

(37) In an embodiment, the apparatus comprises a centring tool 33 for each pocket. The centring tool 33 may be provided alternatively to, or in combination with, the centring device 8. In an embodiment, the centring tool 33 has an annular shape. In an embodiment, the centring tool 33 surrounds the tool 31.

(38) In an embodiment, the control unit is programmed to activate the centring tool 33 first (to bring it into contact with the flange 23) and then the tool 31. In an embodiment, the centring tool 33 surrounds the first part 31A of the tool 31 and the first part surrounds the second part 31B. In an embodiment, the control unit is programmed to activate the centring tool 33 first (to bring it into contact with the flange 23) and then to activate the first part 31A (followed, if necessary, by the second part 31B). In an embodiment, the control unit is programmed to activate the centring tool 33 first (to bring it into contact with the flange 23) and then to activate the second part 31B (followed, if necessary, by the first part 31A). In an embodiment, the control unit is programmed to activate the centring tool 33 first (to bring it into contact with the flange 23) and then to activate the first part 31A and the second part 31B simultaneously.

(39) In an embodiment, the tool 31 comprises a plurality of laser emitters 312. In an embodiment, the tool 31 is configured to make the sealing profile 230 by optical processing of the rear face 23B of the flange 23. In an embodiment, the tool 31 is configured to make the sealing profile 230 by optical processing of the front face 23A of the flange 23.

(40) In an embodiment, the tool 31 comprises a plurality of nozzles 313. In an embodiment, the tool 31 is configured to make the sealing profile 230 by directing pressurized liquid at the rear face 23B of the flange 23. In an embodiment, the tool 31 is configured to make the sealing profile 230 by directing pressurized liquid at the front face 23A of the flange 23. In an embodiment, the control unit activates a part of the nozzles 313 as a function of the shape of the sealing profile 230 required.

(41) The following paragraphs, listed in alphanumeric order for reference, are non-limiting example modes of describing this invention.

(42) A000. An apparatus for processing plastic cups adapted to be filled with a product and to be closed with respective lids to form capsules, wherein each cup includes a containment body, which extends between a bottom wall and an upper edge, and an annular flange having a rear face, directed towards the containment body, and a front face, adapted to receive the lid to form the capsule, the apparatus comprising: at least one pocket, configured to receive (or house) the cup; at least one tool, configured to apply a process to at least the rear face or the front face of the annular flange of a cup received (or housed) in the pocket, so as to form a sealing profile.

(43) A00. The apparatus of paragraph A000, comprising a plurality of pockets configured to receive (or house) a corresponding plurality of cups.

(44) A0. The apparatus of paragraph A000 or paragraph A00, comprising an infeed station configured to receive the cups (or the cup) and to place them in (or support them on) respective pockets of the plurality of pockets (or in the at least one pocket).

(45) A. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A0, comprising an outfeed station configured to deliver the cups (or the cup), with the sealing profile formed on them, to an outlet of the apparatus.

(46) A1. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A, wherein the at least one tool is configured to apply a mechanical force on the rear face of the annular flange of the cup.

(47) A1.1. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A1, wherein the at least one tool is configured to apply a mechanical force on the front face of the annular flange of the cup.

(48) A2. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A1.1, comprising, for each tool, a respective abutment element associated with the tool.

(49) A2.1. The apparatus of paragraph A2, wherein the abutment element is radially symmetric about its axis of symmetry.

(50) A2.2. The apparatus of paragraph A2 or of paragraph A2.1, wherein the abutment element includes a centring body.

(51) A2.3. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A2 to A2.2, wherein the tool includes a main body and one or more protrusions which extend from the main body.

(52) A2.3.1. The apparatus of paragraph A2.3, wherein the one or more protrusions are radially symmetrical.

(53) A2.3.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A2.3.1, wherein the one or more protrusions have an annular profile.

(54) A2.3.2. The apparatus of paragraph A2.3 or of paragraph A2.3.1.1, wherein the one or more protrusions are movable along an annular profile (by means of a specific actuator).

(55) A2.3.3. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A2.3 to A2.3.2, wherein the abutment element and the tool associated therewith are movable between an open configuration, in which they are not in contact with the annular flange, and a closed configuration, in which the abutment element (with a contact surface of it) is in contact with the front face of the annular flange and the one or more protrusions of the tool penetrate the annular flange, impressing the sealing profile therein.

(56) A2.3.3.1. The apparatus of paragraph A2.3.3, wherein the abutment element includes a contact surface, configured to come into abutment against the front face of the flange, and a centring body which projects from the contact surface and which, in the closed configuration, at least partly enters the containment body of the cup, thus providing a centring effect on the cup.

(57) A2.3.4. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A2.3 to A2.3.3.1, wherein the tool is configured to make the sealing profile by squeezing the material of the flange.

(58) A2.4. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A2 to A2.3.4, wherein the tool includes a main body and a cavity made in the main body, and wherein the abutment element includes at least one main body and at least one protrusion projecting from the main body and configured to displace the material of the flange inside the cavity, thereby impressing the sealing profile.

(59) A2.4.1 The apparatus of paragraph A2.4, wherein the one or more protrusions of the abutment element and the cavity of the tool are radially symmetrical.

(60) A2.4.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A2.4.1, wherein the one or more protrusions of the abutment element and the cavity of the tool have an annular profile.

(61) A2.4.2. The apparatus of paragraph A2.4 or of paragraph A2.4.1.1, wherein the one or more protrusions of the abutment element are movable along an annular profile (by means of a specific actuator).

(62) A2.4.3. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A2.4 to A2.4.2, wherein the abutment element and the tool associated therewith are movable between an open configuration, in which they are not in contact with the annular flange, and a closed configuration, in which the abutment element (with a contact surface of it) is in contact with the front face of the annular flange and the one or more protrusions of the tool cause a displacement of the material of the annular flange, thereby impressing the sealing profile therein.

(63) A2.4.3.1. The apparatus of paragraph A2.4.3, wherein the abutment element includes a contact surface, configured to come into abutment against the front face of the flange, and a centring body which projects from the contact surface and which, in the closed configuration, at least partly enters the containment body of the cup, thus providing a centring effect on the cup.

(64) A2.4.4. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A2.4 to A2.4.3.1, wherein the tool is configured to make the sealing profile by displacing the material of the flange.

(65) A3. The apparatus of any one paragraphs A2 to A2.4.4, comprising a circuit (hydraulic or pneumatic) to move the at least one tool and the respective abutment element between the open position and the closed position.

(66) A4. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A3, wherein the at least one tool is heated.

(67) A4.1. The apparatus of paragraph A4 wherein the at least one tool includes a respective heating element.

(68) A4.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A4.1, wherein the heating element includes one or more electrical resistors integrated in a body of the tool.

(69) A4.2. The apparatus of paragraph A4 or of paragraph A4.1, comprising, for each tool, one or more ultrasonic emitters configured to cause the at least one tool to vibrate (so as to heat it by ultrasonic vibrations).

(70) A5. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A4.2, comprising, for each pocket (or for the at least one pocket), a heater configured to heat the flange on the cup received (or housed) in the pocket.

(71) A5.1. The apparatus of paragraph A5, wherein the heater comprises a plurality of electrical resistors for heating the air, and a fan configured to direct the heated air at the flange on the cup.

(72) A5.2. The apparatus of paragraph A5 or of paragraph A5.1, wherein the heater comprises one or more ultrasonic emitters configured to cause the cup to vibrate (so as to heat it by ultrasonic vibrations).

(73) A6. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A5.2, comprising a control unit configured to control the at least one tool.

(74) A6.1. The apparatus of paragraph A6, wherein the control unit is preferably specific to the apparatus.

(75) A7. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A6.1, wherein the at least one tool includes a milling cutter configured to remove material from the rear face of the annular flange to form the sealing profile.

(76) A7.1. The apparatus of paragraph A7, wherein the milling cutter includes an annular milling cutter profile to make an annular sealing profile.

(77) A7.2. The apparatus of paragraph A7 or of paragraph A7.1, wherein the milling cutter includes a milling cutter bit movable along an annular path to make an annular sealing profile.

(78) A7.3. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A7 to A7.2, wherein the milling cutter rotates about its axis of rotation (by means of a specific actuator).

(79) A8. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A7.3, comprising ultrasonic emitters associated with the at least one tool and configured to cause the at least one tool to vibrate.

(80) A9. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A to A8, comprising, in each pocket (or in the at least one pocket) a plurality of laser emitters associated with the at least one tool.

(81) A9.1. The apparatus of paragraph A9, comprising a control unit programmed to switch on the laser emitters of the plurality of laser emitters, the control unit being configured to switch on a part of the plurality of emitters as a function of a user-set type of sealing profile.

(82) A9.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A9, wherein the control unit contains in its memory one or more patterns corresponding to shapes for processing the annular flange and is programmed to receive a signal from a user to select a processing shape and to drive the laser emitters to emit laser rays according to the pattern corresponding to the processing shape selected by the user.

(83) A10. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A9.1.1, wherein the tool comprises a plurality of nozzles connected to a pressurized liquid tank and configured to direct the pressurized liquid at the annular flange to form the sealing profile.

(84) A11. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A10, wherein the at least one tool comprises a plurality of parts, wherein each part of the plurality of parts is movable towards and away from the flange independently of the other parts of the plurality of parts.

(85) A11.1. The apparatus of paragraph A11, wherein the plurality of parts is made up of a first part and a second part.

(86) A11.2. The apparatus of paragraph A11 or of paragraph A11.1, wherein the parts are annular in shape and are concentric with each other.

(87) A11.3. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A11 to A11.2, comprising a control unit programmed to activate one or more parts of the plurality of parts in a predetermined sequence as a function of a required sealing profile shape.

(88) A12. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A10, wherein the apparatus is built into a forming machine, wherein the forming machine is configured to form the cups from respective quantities of material or preforms.

(89) A12.1. The apparatus of paragraph A12, wherein the forming machine includes a plurality of moulds configured to form respective cups and wherein the at least one tool (and, if present, the respective abutment element) is built into the mould.

(90) A12.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A12.1, wherein the at least one tool is configured to protrude telescopically from the walls of the mould to impress the sealing profile.

(91) A12.1.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A12.1.1, comprising a control unit programmed to drive the at least one tool (and, if present, the respective abutment element) to protrude telescopically from the walls of the mould once the cup has been formed.

(92) A12. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A12.1.1.1, comprising at least one centring tool having an annular shape.

(93) A12.1. The apparatus of paragraph A12, wherein the at least one centring tool surrounds the at least one tool.

(94) A12.1. The apparatus of paragraph A12, comprising a control unit programmed to activate the at least one centring tool (bringing it into contact with the flange) before activating the at least one tool.

(95) A13. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A12.1.1.1, comprising an outfeed station configured to deliver the formed capsules to an outlet of the apparatus.

(96) A13.1. The apparatus of paragraph A13, wherein the apparatus is built into a lid applicator machine configured to apply a lid to the cup to form the capsule.

(97) A13.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A13.1 wherein the lid applicator machine comprises a welder configured to weld the lid to the cup and wherein the welder also acts as an abutment element for the at least one tool.

(98) A14. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A00 to A13.1.1, comprising a rotary carousel, wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets (or the at least one pocket) are angularly spaced on the carousel.

(99) A14.1. The apparatus of paragraph A14, including, for each pocket of the plurality of pockets, a respective rotary tool which rotates as one with the carousel and which is configured to apply a process to the rear face of the annular flange of the cup received (or housed) in the pocket.

(100) A15. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A13.1.1, comprising a die block in which the pockets of the plurality of pockets are disposed.

(101) A15.1. The apparatus of paragraph A15, wherein the die block is fixed.

(102) A15.2. The apparatus of paragraph A15 or of paragraph A15.1, including a respective tool for each pocket of the plurality of pockets, wherein the tools of all the pockets of the plurality of pockets are configured to apply the processes simultaneously on all the cups received (or housed) in the respective pockets of the plurality of pockets.

(103) A16. The apparatus of any one of paragraphs from A000 to A13.1.1, comprising a processing unit comprising the at least one tool, wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets (or the at least one pocket) are movable relative to the processing unit.

(104) A16.1. The apparatus of paragraph A16, including a conveyor belt, wherein the pockets of the plurality of pockets (or the at least one pocket) are movable on the conveyor belt.

(105) A16.1.1. The apparatus of paragraph A16.1, wherein the processing unit is configured to process one flange at a time when the respective pocket is in a processing zone of the conveyor belt.

(106) B00. A line for making capsules, comprising:

(107) a forming machine configured to form plastic cups, wherein each cup includes a containment body, which extends between a bottom wall and an upper edge, and an annular flange having a rear face, directed towards the containment body, and a front face, opposite to the rear face; an apparatus (1) for processing the plastic cups (2) according to any one of the preceding paragraphs.

(108) B0. The line of paragraph BOO, comprising a filling machine, configured to fill the cups with a product; the product may, depending on the application, be coffee or other infusion product, or other solid, liquid or creamy food product, or other type of product (for example a drug).

(109) B. The line of paragraph B0 or of paragraph BOO, comprising an applicator machine, configured to apply a lid to the front face of each cup to form a respective capsule.

(110) B1. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B, wherein the forming machine comprises: a plurality of pockets configured to receive (or house) the cups; at least one tool, configured to apply a process to the rear face of the annular flange of a cup received (or housed) in a respective pocket of the plurality of pockets (or in the at least one pocket), so as to form a sealing profile.

(111) B1.1. The line of paragraph B1, comprising, in the pockets (or in the at least one pocket) respective moulds (or one mould) for forming the capsules and (for each pocket) a tool having a rest position, where it is retracted within the mould, and a working position, where it projects telescopically from the mould.

(112) B1.2. The line of paragraphs B1 and B1.1, wherein the line is configured to transfer the cups, with the sealing profile formed on them and released by the outfeed station of the forming machine, to an infeed station of the filling machine.

(113) B2. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B1.2, wherein the line is configured to transfer the cups, with the sealing profile formed on them and released by the outfeed station of the apparatus for processing the cups, to an infeed station of the filling machine.

(114) B3. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B1.2, wherein the applicator machine comprises: a plurality of pockets configured to receive (or house) the cups; at least one tool, configured to apply a process to the rear face of the annular flange of a cup received (or housed) in a respective pocket of the plurality of pockets so as to form a sealing profile.

(115) B3.1. The line of paragraph B3, comprising a welder configured to weld the lid to the front face of the cup and wherein the welder also acts as an abutment element for the at least one tool.

(116) B3.1.1. The line of paragraph B3.1, comprising a control unit programmed to move the welder and the at least one tool (preferably simultaneously) from a rest position, in which they are spaced from the cup, to a working position, in which the welder is in contact with the front face of the cup and the at least one tool is in contact with the rear face of the cup in order to make a sealing profile on the rear face of the cup.

(117) B4. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B3.1.1, wherein the forming machine is configured to form the cups by compression moulding.

(118) B5. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B3.1.1, wherein the forming machine is configured to form the cups by injection moulding.

(119) B6. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B3.1.1, wherein the forming machine is configured to form the cups by thermoforming.

(120) B7. The line of any one of paragraphs from BOO to B3.1.1, wherein the forming machine is configured to form the cups by injection compression moulding.

(121) C000. A method for processing plastic cups adapted to be filled with a product and to be closed with respective lids to form capsules, wherein each cup includes a containment body, which extends between a bottom wall and an upper edge, and an annular flange having a rear face, directed towards the containment body, and a front face, adapted to receive the lid to form the capsule, the method comprising the following steps: placing the cup in at least one pocket of the apparatus; applying a process to at least the rear face or the front face of the annular flange of a cup received (or housed) in the at least one pocket, so as to form a sealing profile by means of at least one tool.

(122) C00. The method of paragraph C000, wherein during the step of placing, a plurality of cups are placed in a respective plurality of pockets of the apparatus, in which the process is applied.

(123) C0. The method of paragraph C000 or of paragraph C00, comprising a step of receiving the cups and placing them in respective pockets of the plurality of pockets (or in the at least one pocket) by means of an infeed station of the apparatus.

(124) C. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C0, comprising a step of extracting the cups from the pockets of the plurality of pockets (or the cup from the at least one pocket) by means of an outfeed station of the apparatus.

(125) C1. The method of paragraph C000 or of paragraph C, wherein, during the step of applying the process, the at least one tool applies a mechanical force on the rear face of the annular flange of the cup.

(126) C1.1. The method of paragraph C000 or of paragraph C1, wherein, during the step of applying the process, the at least one tool applies a mechanical force on the front face of the annular flange of the cup.

(127) C2. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C1, wherein, during the step of applying the process, the tool comes into abutment against a respective abutment element.

(128) C2.1. The method of paragraph C2, wherein the tool includes a main body and one or more protrusions extending from the main body, and during the step of applying the process, the one or more protrusions are movable along an annular profile (by means of a specific actuator).

(129) C2.2. The method of paragraph C2 or of paragraph C2.1, wherein the abutment element and the tool associated therewith are movable between an open configuration, in which they are not in contact with the annular flange, and a closed configuration, in which the abutment element (with a contact surface of it) is in contact with the front face of the annular flange and the at least one tool is in contact with the rear face of the annular flange, impressing the sealing profile, wherein during the step of applying the process, the abutment element and the tool are in the closed configuration.

(130) C2.2.2. The method of paragraph C2.2 wherein the abutment element includes a contact surface, which, during the step of applying the process, comes into abutment against the front face of the flange, and a centring body which projects from the contact surface and which, during the step of applying the process, at least partly enters the containment body of the cup to provide a centring effect on the cup.

(131) C3. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C2.2.2, wherein the tool forms the sealing profile (during the step of applying the process) by squeezing the material of the flange.

(132) C3.1. The method of paragraph C3, wherein the tool includes a main body and one or more protrusions which extend from the main body and which, during the step of applying the process, penetrate the annular flange, impressing the sealing profile therein.

(133) C30. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C2.2.2, wherein the tool forms the sealing profile (during the step of applying the process) by displacing the material of the flange.

(134) C30.1. The method of paragraph C30, wherein the tool includes a cavity formed in the main body and wherein the abutment element includes at least one protrusion which, during the step of applying the process (with the tool and the abutment element in the closed configuration), causes the material of the annular flange to be displaced in the hollow, thereby impressing the sealing profile therein.

(135) C4. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C3.1, comprising a step of heating the at least one tool.

(136) C4.1. The method of paragraph C4, wherein the step of heating the at least one tool precedes (or is simultaneous with) the step of applying the process.

(137) C4.2. The method of paragraph C4 or of paragraph C4.1, wherein the step of heating the at least one tool comprises ultrasonic vibration of the at least one tool.

(138) C5. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C4.1, comprising a step of heating the annular flange of the cup received (or housed) in the pocket.

(139) C5.1. The method of paragraph C5, wherein the step of heating the annular flange of the cup precedes (or is simultaneous with) the step of applying the process.

(140) C5.2. The method of paragraph C5 or of paragraph C5.1, wherein the step of heating the annular flange of the cup comprises ultrasonic vibration of the cup.

(141) C7. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C5.2, wherein the step of applying the process includes a step of removing material from the rear face of the annular flange to form the sealing profile.

(142) C7.1. The method of paragraph C7, wherein the step of removing material includes a step of moving a milling cutter bit along an annular path.

(143) C7.2. The method of paragraph C7 or of paragraph C7.1, wherein the step of removing material includes a step of rotating a milling cutter about its axis of rotation.

(144) C8. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C7.2, comprising a step of emitting ultrasounds which cause the at least one tool to vibrate.

(145) C8.1. The method of paragraph C8, wherein the step of emitting ultrasounds follows the step of applying the process.

(146) C8.2. The method of paragraph C8, wherein the step of emitting ultrasounds precedes, or is simultaneous with, the step of applying the process.

(147) C9. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C8.2, comprising a step of emitting laser rays by means of a plurality of laser emitters associated with the at least one tool.

(148) C9.1. The method of paragraph C9, wherein the step of emitting laser rays precedes the step of applying the process.

(149) C9.2. The method of paragraph C9, wherein the step of emitting laser rays is included in the step of applying the process.

(150) C9.3. The method of any one of paragraphs from C9 to C9.2, comprising a step of setting a sealing profile selected by the user, wherein the step of emitting laser rays comprises switching on a part of the plurality of emitters as a function of the user-set sealing profile.

(151) C10. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C9.3, comprising a step of directing pressurized liquid at the annular flange in order to create the sealing profile.

(152) C11. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C10, wherein the step of applying the process comprises activating one or more parts of a plurality of parts making up the at least one tool (that is, moving them towards and into abutment with the flange).

(153) C11.1. The method of paragraph C11, wherein the step of applying the process comprises activating a first part of the at least one tool and then activating a second part of the at least one tool.

(154) C12. The method of any one of paragraphs from C to C10, wherein the step of applying the process is carried out after a step of forming the cup, inside a mould of a forming machine, configured to form the cups from respective measured quantities of material or preforms.

(155) C12.1. The method of paragraph C12, comprising a step of telescopically extracting the at least one tool from the mould.

(156) C13. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C12.1, comprising a step of centring the cup inside the pocket, including a step of activating a centring tool.

(157) C13.1. The method of paragraph C13, wherein the step of centring precedes the step of applying the process.

(158) C13.2. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C13.1, comprising a step of welding a lid to the front face of the cup by means of a welder, wherein the step of applying the process is simultaneous with the step of welding.

(159) C13.2.1. The method of paragraph C13.2, wherein the welder also acts as an abutment for the at least one tool.

(160) C14. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C13.1.1, comprising a step of rotating the pockets of the plurality of pockets (or the at least one pocket) on a rotary carousel.

(161) C14.1. The method of paragraph C14, wherein the step of applying the process is carried out in each pocket (or in the at least one pocket) by means of a respective tool which rotates as one with the carousel.

(162) C15. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C13.1.1, wherein the step of applying the process comprises a step of simultaneously processing a plurality of cups received (or housed) in respective pockets of a plurality of pockets.

(163) C15.1. The method of paragraph C15, comprising a step of placing the cups in the pockets of the plurality of pockets before the step of applying the process and a step of extracting the cups from the pockets of the plurality of pockets after the step of applying the process.

(164) C16. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C13.1.1, comprising a step of moving the pockets of the plurality of pockets (or the at least one pocket) on a conveyor belt.

(165) C16.1. The method of paragraph C16, wherein the step of applying the process comprises a step of processing one flange (of one cup) at a time when the respective pocket is in a processing zone of the conveyor belt.

(166) C17. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C16.1, wherein the step of applying the process comprises a step of processing the front face of the annular flange of the cup to form a knurled zone suitable for welding the lid.

(167) C18. The method of any one of paragraphs from C000 to C17, wherein the product may, depending on the application, be coffee or other infusion product, or other solid, liquid or creamy food product, or other type of product (for example a drug).