Method and device for rotary blind embossing of a substrate, a female die and/or a male die for use in a device, and a method for producing a female die and/or a male die

Abstract

A method for the rotary blind embossing of a substrate, a device for the rotary blind embossing of a substrate, a female die and/or a male die for use in a device, and to a method for producing a female die and/or a male die. The method for the rotary blind embossing of a substrate in a work station including an embossing roller and a counter-pressure roller includes the following steps: a) preparing the substrate; b) blind embossing the substrate by means of at least one female die provided on the embossing roller and at least one male die provided on the counter-pressure roller. The device for the rotary blind embossing of a substrate has a work station having an embossing roller and a counter-pressure roller, at least one female die being provided on the embossing roller and at least one male die being provided on the counter-pressure roller.

Claims

1. A method for rotary blind embossing of a substrate in a work station comprising an embossing roller and a counter-pressure roller, wherein the method comprises the following steps: providing the substrate; blind embossing the substrate by means of at least one female die arranged on the embossing roller and at least one male die arranged on the counter-pressure roller; providing a positioning aid comprising at least one window region, the at least one window region being larger than the at least one female die and/or male die; arranging the positioning aid on the embossing roller and/or the counter-pressure roller; arranging the at least one female die and/or male die in the at least one window region of the positioning aid such that a gap is formed between an edge of the at least one window region and an edge of the at least one female die and/or male die; and adjusting a position of the at least one female die and/or male die within the at least one window region of the positioning aid by inserting an adjusting aid in the gap formed in the at least one window region, wherein the adjusting aid is arranged such that the at least one female die and/or male die is movable at least in one direction.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, the method further comprises the following steps: fixing the at least one female die on the embossing roller and/or the at least one male die on the counter-pressure roller by means of a fixing device.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, when the at least one female die and/or male die is arranged in the at least one window region of the positioning aid, the at least one female die and/or male die is fastened by means of a fastening device in the at least window region.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one female die and/or male die is deformed, before being arranged in the at least one window region of the positioning aid, such that the at least one female die and/or male die has a curvature which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the embossing roller and/or the diameter of the counter-pressure roller.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the positioning aid is clamped onto the embossing roller and/or the counter-pressure roller such that the positioning aid has a curvature which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the embossing roller and/or the diameter of the counter-pressure roller.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one female die is magnetically attached to the embossing roller and/or the at least one male die is magnetically attached to the counter-pressure roller.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the at least one female die is arranged on the embossing roller and the at least one male die is arranged on the counter-pressure roller such that the retention force with which the at least one female die is arranged on the embossing roller is higher, than the retention force with which the at least one male die is arranged on the counter-pressure roller.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the embossing roller and the counter-pressure roller are driven in opposite directions to each other with corresponding rotational speeds.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the at least one female die and the at least one male die engage with each other on every revolution such that the substrate located between the at least one female die and the at least one male die is embossed.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the substrate is embossed such that the deviations between the embossings of each revolution are less than 2% percent.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises at least one of the following steps, which are performed in one or more further work stations: printing the substrate; severing the substrate; grooving and/or folding the substrate.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is provided in sheets.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the deviations between the embossings on the sheets of the substrate provided in sheets are less than 2% percent.

14. The method according to claim 12, wherein more than 8000 sheets per hour of the substrate provided in sheets are processed by means of the method.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting aid comprises at least one plate and/or gauge block and/or feeler gauge, and the step of adjusting comprises inserting one or more of the plate and/or gauge block and/or feeler gauge into the gap formed in the at least one window region.

16. A device for rotary blind embossing of a substrate, wherein the device comprises a work station which comprises an embossing roller and a counter-pressure roller, and wherein at least one female die is arranged on the embossing roller and at least one male die is arranged on the counter-pressure roller, and wherein the device has a positioning aid with at least one window region, the at least one window region being larger than the at least one female die and/or male die, wherein the positioning aid is arranged on the embossing roller and/or the counter-pressure roller and the at least one female die and/or male die is arranged in the at least one window region of the positioning aid such that a gap is formed between an edge of the at least one window region and an edge of the at least one female die and/or male die, and wherein a position of the at least one female die and/or male die within the at least one window region of the positioning aid can be adjusted by means of an adjusting aid inserted in the gap in the at least one window region of the positioning aid, and wherein the adjusting aid is arranged such that the at least one female die and/or male die is movable at least in one direction.

17. The device according to claim 16, wherein the at least one female die is introduced as at least one elevation and/or recess into the surface of an embossing cylinder which is arranged on the embossing roller and/or wherein the at least one male die is introduced as at least one elevation and/or recess into the surface of a counter-pressure cylinder which is arranged on the counter-pressure roller.

18. The device according to claim 16, wherein the positioning aid comprises metals.

19. The device according to claim 16, wherein the positioning aid is formed to be magnetic.

20. The device according to claim 16, wherein the positioning aid has a thickness that is increased compared with the remaining thickness of the positioning aid in a region around the at least one window region.

21. The device according to claim 16, wherein the positioning aid has a width of at least 250 mm, and a length of at least 500 mm, and/or wherein the at least one window region has a width of at least 5 mm, and a length of at least 10 mm.

22. The device according to claim 16, wherein the at least one female die is arranged on the embossing roller and the at least one male die is arranged on the counter-pressure roller such that the retention force with which the at least one female die is arranged on the embossing roller is higher, than the retention force with which the at least one male die is arranged on the counter-pressure roller.

23. The device according to claim 16, wherein the ratio of the diameter of the embossing roller to the diameter of the counter-pressure roller is 1 to 2.

24. The device according to claim 16, wherein the device further comprises one or more further work stations for printing the substrate and/or for severing the substrate and/or for grooving and/or folding the substrate.

25. The device according to claim 16, wherein the adjusting aid comprises at least one plate and/or gauge block and/or feeler gauge.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) Embodiment examples of the invention are explained by way of example below with the aid of the attached figures, not to scale.

(2) FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c schematically show a device and a method for rotary blind embossing

(3) FIG. 2 schematically shows a device for rotary blind embossing

(4) FIG. 3 schematically shows a device for rotary blind embossing

(5) FIG. 4 schematically shows a method for rotary blind embossing

(6) FIG. 5 schematically shows a device for rotary blind embossing

(7) FIG. 6a to FIG. 6d schematically show sectional representations of embossing rollers and/or counter-pressure rollers

(8) FIG. 7a to FIG. 7e schematically show positioning aids in top view

(9) FIG. 7f to FIG. 7i schematically show sectional representations of the enlarged detail of FIG. 7c

(10) FIG. 8a to FIG. 8c schematically show sectional representations of female dies and/or male dies

(11) FIG. 9a and FIG. 9b schematically show sectional representations of female dies and/or male dies

(12) FIG. 10a to FIG. 10g schematically show sectional representations of relief shapes

(13) FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e schematically show sectional representations of relief shapes

(14) FIG. 12a to FIG. 12d schematically show sectional representations of relief shapes

(15) FIG. 13a and FIG. 13b show methods for producing a female die and/or male die

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(16) FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c schematically show a device 1 for rotary blind embossing.

(17) The device 1 for rotary blind embossing of a substrate 3 comprises a work station 1a which in turn comprises an embossing roller 2a and a counter-pressure roller 2b, wherein a female die 4a is arranged on the embossing roller 2a and a male die 4b is arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(18) By blind embossing is meant here in particular a relief embossing without the use of an ink, in particular a printing ink, and/or without the use of a transfer film, in particular a hot-stamping film or cold-stamping film. A pattern, motif or lettering is preferably embossed in the substrate 3, wherein in particular in the case of an embossing the pattern, motif or lettering is raised and/or in the case of a debossing the pattern, motif or lettering is depressed into the substrate 3.

(19) By means of the device 1 shown in FIG. 1a, a method for rotary blind embossing of the substrate 3 is carried out in the work station 1a comprising an embossing roller 2a and a counter-pressure roller 2b, as shown in FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c, wherein the method comprises the following steps, which are performed in particular in the following sequence: a) providing the substrate 3; b) blind embossing the substrate 3 by means of the female die 4b arranged on the embossing roller 2a and the male die 4b arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(20) As shown in FIG. 1a, the substrate 3 is provided in a first step. Then, as shown in FIG. 1b, the substrate 3 is embossed or blind embossed by means of the female die 4a arranged on the embossing roller 2a and the male die 4b arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(21) As shown in FIG. 1c, it is advantageous if, in the step shown in FIG. 1b, the substrate 3 is blind embossed such that the substrate 3 has at least one elevation 5a and/or depression 5b.

(22) By an elevation 5a and/or depression 5b of the substrate 3 is meant in particular a relief shape which represents a pattern, motif or lettering. An elevation 5a of the substrate 3 relative to an unprocessed region of the substrate 3 is preferably an embossing, with the result that the pattern, motif or lettering is raised in the substrate 3. A depression 5b of the substrate 3 relative to an unprocessed region of the substrate 3 is preferably a debossing, with the result that the pattern, motif or lettering is depressed into the substrate 3. For example, in the case of a debossing the elevation 5a and/or depression 5b shown in FIG. 1c would be mirrored on the plane spanned by the substrate 3, i.e. the protrusion of the substrate 3 would now point downwards and not upwards.

(23) Further, it is advantageous if the at least one elevation 5a and/or depression 5b of the substrate 3 is produced with a height and/or depth of at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm, further preferably at least 0.5 mm.

(24) As shown schematically in FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c, the ratio of the diameter of the embossing roller 2a to the diameter of the counter-pressure roller 2b is 1 to 1. However, it is also possible for the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller to have different diameters. Thus, it is also possible for the ratio of the diameter of the embossing roller 2a to the diameter of the counter-pressure roller 2b to be 1 to 2. Preferably, the diameter of the embossing pressure roller is between 100 mm and 450 mm, preferably between 200 mm and 350 mm, and/or the diameter of the counter-pressure roller is between 200 mm and 800 mm, preferably between 400 mm and 700 mm. Thus, it is possible for the diameter of the embossing roller to be, for example, 300 mm±5 mm, preferably 298.4 mm±0.02 mm, and/or the diameter of the counter-pressure roller to be, for example, 600 mm±5 mm, preferably 599.4 mm±0.02 mm.

(25) As shown in FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c, the substrate 3 is preferably provided in sheets. However, it is also possible for the substrate 3 to be provided on rolls for roll-to-roll processing.

(26) The substrate 3 preferably comprises pulp and/or plastics. Advantageously, the substrate 3 is paper, cardboard and/or films, in particular plastic films, or hybrid and/or composite materials made of such materials.

(27) Expediently, the substrate 3 is fed to the work station 1a comprising the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b. This takes place, for example, by means of a transport device which has corresponding rollers with which the substrate 3 is transported to the desired position in the work station 1a, i.e. the substrate 3 is correspondingly advanced.

(28) As indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c, the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b are preferably driven in opposite directions to each other with corresponding rotational speeds. Here, the female die 4a and the male die 4b advantageously engage with each other on every revolution such that the substrate 3 located between the female die 4a and the male die 4b is embossed, in particular in an overlap region of the female die 4a and the male die 4b.

(29) By means of the device shown in FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c, it is possible for the substrate 3 to be embossed such that the deviations between the embossings of each revolution are less than 2% percent, preferably less than 1% percent, still further preferably less than 0.05% percent.

(30) With respect to the arrangement of the female die 4a on the embossing roller 2a and of the male die 4b on the counter-pressure roller 2b and the design of the female die 4a and of the male die 4b, reference is made here to the statements below.

(31) FIG. 2 schematically shows a device 1 for rotary blind embossing. The device of FIG. 2 differs from the device 1 of FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c in that three female dies 4a are arranged on the embossing roller 2a and correspondingly three male dies 2b are arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(32) Here too, the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b are preferably driven in opposite directions to each other with corresponding rotational speeds, wherein the female dies 4a and the male dies 4b in each case engage with each other on every revolution such that the substrate 3 located between the female dies 4a and the male dies 4b is embossed, in particular in an overlap region of the female dies 4a and the male dies 4b.

(33) Further, unlike the device of FIG. 1a to FIG. 1c, the device 1 of FIG. 2 has a positioning aid 7. In FIG. 2, the positioning aid 7 is only arranged on the embossing roller 2a.

(34) Here, in the regions in which the female dies 4a are arranged on the embossing roller 2a, the positioning aid 7 has apertures in the form of window regions, into which the female dies 4a can be inserted. Advantageously, first of all the positioning aid comprising the window regions is therefore provided before the substrate 3 is embossed. Then the positioning aid 7 is arranged on the embossing roller 2a and the female dies 4a are arranged in the window regions of the positioning aid 7, preferably on the embossing roller 2a.

(35) With respect to the further design of the positioning aid 7 and the arrangement of the female die 4a on the embossing roller 2a, reference is made here to the statements below.

(36) FIG. 3 schematically shows a device 1 for rotary blind embossing. The device of FIG. 3 differs from the device of FIG. 2 in that a positioning aid 7 is arranged both on the embossing roller 2a and on the counter-pressure roller 2b. Here, in the regions in which the male dies 4b are arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b, the positioning aid 7 arranged on the counter-pressure roller also has apertures in the form of window regions, into which the male dies 4b can be inserted. Advantageously, first of all the positioning aid comprising the window regions is therefore provided before the substrate 3 is embossed. Then the positioning aid 7 is arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b and the male dies 4b are arranged in the window regions of the positioning aid 7, preferably on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(37) With respect to the further design of the positioning aid 7 and the arrangement of the male die 4b on the counter-pressure roller 2b, reference is made here to the statements below.

(38) Further, unlike the device 1 of FIG. 2, the device 1 of FIG. 3 has compensation layers 8 which are arranged between the male dies 4b and the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(39) Such compensation layers preferably have a layer thickness of at least 0.01 mm, preferably 0.02 mm, further preferably 0.03 mm.

(40) A defined height leveling of the embossing, i.e. an underlaying, is possible by means of such compensation layers. Further, it is also possible for the compensation layers to be arranged between the female dies 4a and the embossing roller 2a.

(41) FIG. 4 schematically shows a method for rotary blind embossing. The method comprises the step 10a to 10e.

(42) In the method, first of all in step 10a a substrate 3 is provided.

(43) In a further step 10b, the substrate 3 is printed. The printing here is preferably effected by means of offset printing, screen printing, gravure printing, relief printing or inkjet printing. Further, it is preferred if the print is produced by means of a print roller. During the printing, one or more printing inks are advantageously applied to the substrate 3, in particular according to a grid.

(44) In a further step 10c, the substrate 3 is blind-embossed by means of a female die 4a arranged on an embossing roller 2a and a male die 4b arranged on a counter-pressure roller 2b. With respect to the blind embossing, reference is made here to the above statements. Expediently, here the substrate 3 is fed to the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b in a defined, in particular registration-accurate, manner.

(45) By register or registration, or register accuracy or registration accuracy, is meant in particular a positional accuracy of two or more elements and/or layers relative to each other, here for example the positionally accurate arrangement of the embossing and further features applied to the substrate, such as for example a print, layers and/or fold or crease lines applied to the substrate, relative to each other. The register accuracy is in particular to vary within a predefined tolerance, which is to be as small as possible. At the same time, the register accuracy of several elements and/or layers relative to each other is expediently an important feature for increasing the process reliability. The positionally accurate positioning can be effected in particular by means of sensory, preferably optically detectable, registration marks or register marks. These registration marks or register marks can either represent special separate elements or regions or layers or themselves be part of the elements or regions or layers to be positioned.

(46) In a further step 10d, the substrate 3 is grooved and/or folded. During the grooving, the bending capacity of the substrate 3 is preferably altered by means of a compression tool, in particular by material displacement. By folding is preferably meant the production of a sharp crease edge with the aid of a tool.

(47) In a further step 10e, the substrate 3 is severed. The substrate 3 is preferably severed by punching, wherein the substrate 3 is in particular severed by means of a cutting tool and/or punching tool.

(48) Steps 10a to 10e are preferably carried out in different work stations of a device.

(49) Here, it is useful if the substrate 3 is preferably processed continuously.

(50) It is also advantageous if the substrate 3 is provided in sheets. Further, it is preferred here if the deviations between the embossings on the sheets of the substrate 3 provided in sheets are less than 2% percent, preferably less than 1% percent, still further preferably less than 0.05% percent.

(51) Further, it is possible for more than 8000 sheets per hour, preferably more than 10,000 sheets per hour, further preferably more than 12,000 sheets per hour, still further preferably more than 14,000 sheets per hour, of the substrate 3 provided in sheets to be processed by means of the method.

(52) FIG. 5 schematically shows a device 1 for rotary blind embossing.

(53) The device 1 in FIG. 5 comprises a transport device 11, which serves to transport the substrate 3. Thus, it is possible for example for the transport device 11 to comprise a supply roll, on which the substrate 3 is wound. Alternatively, it is also possible for the transport direction 11 to be designed for transporting substrate 3 in sheet form.

(54) Further, the device 1 comprises the work station 1b for printing the substrate 3. The work station preferably comprises a print roller. With respect to the printing of the substrate 3, reference is made here to the above statements.

(55) Further, the device 1 comprises the work station 1a for rotary blind embossing of the substrate 3. With respect to the design of the work station 1a and the rotary blind embossing, reference is also made here to the above statements.

(56) Further, the device comprises the work station 1c for grooving and/or folding the substrate 3. The work station 1c preferably comprises a compression tool and/or folding tool for producing a sharp crease edge. With respect to the grooving and/or folding of the substrate 3, reference is also made here to the above statements.

(57) Further, the device comprises the work station 1d for severing the substrate 3. The work station 1d advantageously comprises a cutting tool. With respect to the severing of the substrate 3, reference is also made here to the above statements.

(58) As shown in FIG. 5, the work station 1b is arranged before the work station 1a comprising the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b. The work stations 1c and 1d are arranged after the work station 1a comprising the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b. However, other sequences of the work stations are also conceivable. Thus, it is possible for example for the work station 1c to be arranged before and/or for the work station 1b to be arranged after the work station 1a comprising the embossing roller 2a and the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(59) Further, it is advantageous if more than 8000 sheets per hour, preferably more than 10,000 sheets per hour, further preferably more than 12,000 sheets per hour, still further preferably more than 14,000 sheets per hour, of the substrate 3 provided in sheets are processed by means of the device 1.

(60) FIG. 6a to FIG. 6d schematically show sectional representations of embossing rollers 2a and/or counter-pressure rollers 2b.

(61) As shown in FIG. 6a, it is possible for the female die 4a to be introduced directly as at least one elevation and/or recess into the surface of the embossing roller 2b and/or for the at least one male die 4a to be introduced directly as at least one elevation and/or recess into the surface of the counter-pressure roller 2b. The female die 4a and/or the male die 4b can thus be in particular a solid tool, which is designed in particular completely solid in one piece or partially solid in one piece at least in the region of the embossing tools. In the case of such solid tools, the relief shapes to be embossed are therefore introduced directly into the surface of the solid cylinder forming the embossing roller 2a and/or counter-pressure roller 2b. The introduction is preferably effected by etching, engraving and/or by means of a laser, in particular by means of laser ablation.

(62) Further, it is also possible, as shown in FIG. 6b, for the female die 4a and/or the male die 4b to be fixed on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b by means of a fixing device 6. The fixing device 6 is preferably a pin, bolt or a screw. Further, it is advantageous if the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b has a plurality of holes into which the fixing device 6 can be introduced. It can hereby be achieved that the female die 4a and/or male die 4b can be fixed at points predefined by the plurality of holes. However, the fixing can also be effected by a clamp. Further, it is possible for the female die 4a and/or the male die 4b to be fixed on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b by clamping or tensioning.

(63) Further, it is possible for the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b to be magnetic or to be formed magnetic. It is also possible for the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b to be a magnetic cylinder. Here, the female die 4a and/or the male die 4b can preferably be fixed on the embossing roller 2a and/or counter-pressure roller 2b magnetically.

(64) As shown in FIG. 6c, it is also possible for the female die 4a to be introduced as an elevation and/or recess into the surface of an embossing cylinder 12a which is arranged detachably on the embossing roller 2a and/or for the male die 4b to be introduced as an elevation and/or recess into the surface of a counter-pressure cylinder 12b which is arranged detachably on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(65) It is also possible here for the embossing cylinder 12a and/or the counter-pressure cylinder 12b to be clamped and/or tensioned onto the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b. The embossing cylinder 12a and/or the counter-pressure cylinder 12b is preferably applied to the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b magnetically, wherein in particular the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b is magnetic. Alternatively, the embossing cylinder 12a and/or the counter-pressure cylinder 12b can also be designed magnetic.

(66) As shown in FIG. 6d, it is advantageous if the female die 4a and/or the male die 4b are arranged on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b with the aid of a positioning aid 7. As shown in FIG. 6d, several female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b can in particular be arranged on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b or applied to the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller with the aid of the positioning aid 7.

(67) Here, in the regions in which the female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b are arranged on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller, the positioning aid 7 has apertures in the form of window regions, into which the female dies 4a and/male dies 4b can be inserted. Advantageously, the device thus has a positioning aid 7 with window regions, wherein the positioning aid 7 is arranged on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b and the female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b is arranged in the window regions of the positioning aid.

(68) Preferably, the positioning aid 7 is clamped onto the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b, in particular the positioning aid 7 is clamped onto the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b such that the positioning aid 7 has a curvature which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the embossing roller 2a and/or the diameter of the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(69) By curvature is preferably meant here a radius of curvature, wherein the radius of curvature corresponds in particular to the radius of an osculating circle, which at a particular point of a curve is the circle which best approximates the curve at this point. Thus, for example, the diameter of the embossing roller 2a and/or of the counter-pressure roller 2b represents an osculating circle, the radius of which is then substantially the radius of curvature of the positioning aid 7.

(70) As shown in FIG. 6d, the positioning aid 7 preferably encompasses the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b completely. However, it is also possible for the positioning aid 7 to encompass the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b only partially. For example, it is possible for the positioning aid 7 to encompass half of the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b, with the result that the positioning aid 7 would form a semicircle in FIG. 6d. Other partial encompassing, such as for example in the form of a three-quarter circle or a quarter circle, is further conceivable.

(71) It is also possible for the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b to have several positioning aids 7, which encompass the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b completely or only partially. For example, two positioning aids 7 can in each case encompass half of the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b. However, any other subdivisions and/or distributions of several positioning aids 7 on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b are also feasible.

(72) Preferably, the positioning aid 7 and/or the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b has a clamping device, by means of which the positioning aid 7 can in particular be clamped onto the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b. The clamping device of the positioning aid expediently has holes, by means of which the positioning aid can be fastened on the embossing roller and/or the counter-pressure roller, for example by means of pins or screws.

(73) Here too, it is expedient, in particular for arranging the positioning aid 7 on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b, if the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b is magnetic or is formed magnetic, in particular if the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b is a magnetic cylinder. The positioning aid 7 can hereby be arranged magnetically on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b. Further, it is also possible for the positioning aid 7 itself to be magnetic.

(74) FIG. 7a to FIG. 7e schematically show positioning aids 7 in top view.

(75) As shown in FIG. 7a, the positioning aid preferably has several window regions 7a, wherein the several window regions 7a are arranged according to a grid.

(76) By region is meant here in particular in each case a defined surface area which is occupied when viewed perpendicular to a plane spanned by the positioning aid 7. Thus, for example, the positioning aid 7, in particular in the flat state, has one or more window regions 7a, wherein each of the window regions 7a in each case occupies a defined surface area when viewed perpendicular to a plane spanned by the positioning aid 7.

(77) Furthermore, it is possible for the positioning aid 7 to have a width 7c of at least 250 mm, preferably of at least 500 mm, further preferably of at least 750 mm, and a length 7d of at least 500 mm, preferably at least 750 mm, further preferably of at least 1000 mm, and/or for the at least one window region 7a to have a width 7ab of at least 5 mm, preferably at least 10 mm, further preferably of at least 20 mm, and a length 7al of at least 10 mm, preferably at least 20 mm, further preferably of at least 100 mm.

(78) The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a has, for example, a width 7c of 752 mm and a length 7d of 1020 mm. Further, the window regions 7a of the positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a have a width 7ab of 40 mm and a length 7al of 150 mm. Further, the window regions 7a of the positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a are turned with respect to the outer edges of the positioning aid 7, in particular by less than 2°, preferably by less than 1°. However, it is also possible for the window regions 7a not to be turned with respect to the outer edges of the positioning aid 7.

(79) The positioning aid 7 preferably comprises metals, in particular copper, nickel, chromium, iron, zinc, tin, lead or alloys of such metals. The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a is a positioning aid 7 made of steel.

(80) Further, it is also possible for the positioning aid 7 to be magnetic or to be formed magnetic.

(81) Further, the positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a has a clamping device 7b. Expediently, the clamping device 7b of the positioning aid 7a has holes, by means of which the positioning aid 7a can be fastened or clamped on the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b, for example by means of pins or screws.

(82) The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7b corresponds to the positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a with the difference that the window regions 7a of the positioning aid shown in FIG. 7b are designed square. Further, the window regions 7a are not turned with respect to the outer edges of the positioning aid 7. With respect to the further design of the positioning aid 7, reference is made here to the above statements.

(83) The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7c corresponds to the positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7a with the difference that female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b are arranged in the window regions 7a, wherein female dies 4a are used in particular when the positioning aid 7 is arranged on the embossing roller 2a and male dies 4b are used in particular when the positioning aid 7 is arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(84) As shown in FIG. 7c, it is expedient if the outline of the respective window region 7a of the positioning aid 7 substantially corresponds to the outline of the female die 4a and/or male die 4b arranged therein.

(85) By outline is meant here in particular the contours or outer contours of the window region 7a or of the male die 4a and/or female die 4b, which are occupied when viewed perpendicular to a plane spanned by the positioning aid 7 or the female die 4a and/or male die 4b.

(86) With respect to the detail 13 shown in FIG. 7c, reference is made here to the statements below.

(87) The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7d corresponds to the positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7b with the difference that female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b are arranged in the window regions 7a, wherein the elevations and/or recesses which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed are represented schematically in FIG. 7d as lettering. However, it is also possible to use different lettering as relief shapes to be embossed. Patterns or motifs can also be used as relief shapes to be embossed, or combinations of patterns, motifs or lettering.

(88) The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7e comprises the window regions 7a, in which differently designed female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b are arranged. As shown in FIG. 7e, the relief shapes to be embossed can be chosen from a plurality of shapes here. Thus, it is possible for the elevations and/or recesses which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed to represent a pattern, motif or lettering. A pattern can be, for example, a graphically designed outline, a figurative representation, an image, a symbol, a logo, a portrait and the like. Lettering can be, for example, an alphanumeric character, a text and the like. Further, combinations of these patterns, motifs and lettering can also be used as relief shape to be embossed.

(89) FIG. 7f to FIG. 7i schematically show a sectional representation of the enlarged detail of FIG. 7c.

(90) As shown in FIG. 7f, the positioning aid 7 preferably has a thickness 7e of at least 0.25 mm, preferably of at least 0.5 mm, further preferably of at least 0.75 mm. The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7f has a thickness 7e of 0.25 mm here.

(91) The positioning aid 7, as shown in FIG. 7f, also preferably has a thickness 7f that is increased compared with the remaining thickness of the positioning aid 7 in a region 16 around the window region 7a. In particular, the positioning aid 7 has a thickness that is increased by at least 0.1 mm, preferably by at least 0.2 mm, compared with the remaining thickness of the positioning aid 7 in the region 16 around the window region 7a. The positioning aid 7 shown in FIG. 7f has, for example, a thickness 7f of 0.5 mm in the region 16.

(92) Further, it is possible for the region 16 around the window region 7a to have a width of at least 0.2 mm, preferably of at least 0.5 mm, further preferably of at least 1.5 mm. Thus, the region 16 around the window region 7a in FIG. 7f has a width of 1.5 mm.

(93) Further, a female die 4a is arranged in the window region 7a, as shown in FIG. 7f. The female die 4a comprises the layers 17a, 17b and 17c here. With respect to the layers 17a, 17b and 17c and the design of the female die 4a, reference is made here to the statements below.

(94) Further, the window region 7a of the positioning aid 7 is expediently larger than the female die 4a and/or male die 4b arranged in the window region 7a. Preferably, the distance from each edge of the window region 7a to the female die 4a and/or male die 4b is at least 0.1 mm, preferably 0.2 mm, still further preferably 0.3 mm.

(95) FIG. 7g corresponds to FIG. 7f with the difference that a male die 4b is arranged in the window region 7a instead of a female die 4a. The male die 4b comprises the layers 17a, 17b and 17c here. With respect to the layers 17a, 17b and 17c and the design of the male die 4b, reference is made here to the statements below.

(96) FIG. 7h corresponds to FIG. 7f with the difference that the male die 4b can be adjusted by means of an adjusting aid 9a in the window region 7a of the positioning aid 7.

(97) Expediently, the adjusting aid 9a consists, for example, of one or more plates, in particular of one or more gauge blocks and/or one or more feeler gauges, which are in particular inserted into the gap between male die 4b and the edge of the window region 7a. Because the window region 7a is preferably larger than the male die 4b, the gap is formed, into which the adjusting aid 9a is preferably introduced. In particular, the gap corresponds to the distance from each edge of the window region 7a of the male die 4b. Further, it is also possible that the female die 4a of FIG. 7f can be adjusted by means of an adjusting aid 9a in the window region 7a of the positioning aid 7.

(98) The adjusting aid 9a is preferably arranged such that the at least one female die 4a and/or male die 4b is arranged movable, in particular flexible, at least in one direction. The adjusting aid 9a is advantageously arranged such that the female die 4a and/or male die 4b is arranged movable, in particular flexible, in a direction parallel to the feed direction of the substrate 3. However, it is also possible for the adjusting aid 9a to be arranged such that the at least one female die 4a and/or male die 4b is arranged movable, in particular flexible, in a direction perpendicular to the feed direction of the substrate 3. The at least one female die 4a and/or male die 4b is preferably arranged movable, in particular flexible, in a gap which corresponds to the distance from each edge of the at least one window region 7a to the at least one female die 4a and/or male die 4b.

(99) Thus, it is possible for the adjusting aid 9a to be arranged on one or two, in particular two opposite sides of the window region 7a. For example, the adjusting aid 9a is arranged on the sides of the window region 7a which run parallel to the longitudinal axis or to the transverse axis of the positioning aid 7.

(100) The adjusting aid 9a is preferably arranged on the sides of the window region 7a that are parallel to the rotational direction or rolling direction of the embossing roller 2a and/or counter-pressure roller 2b. However, it is also possible for the adjusting aid 9a to be arranged on the sides of the window region 7a that are perpendicular to the rotational direction or rolling direction of the embossing roller 2a and/or counter-pressure roller 2b.

(101) By means of the adjusting aid, the position of the female die 4a and/or of the male die within the respective window region 7a can thus preferably be defined precisely and the degrees of freedom of the female die 4a and/or of the male die 4b for the self-adjustment described above can thus preferably be defined.

(102) FIG. 7i corresponds to FIG. 7h with the difference that the male die 4b is fastened by means of a fastening device 9b in the window region 7a of the positioning aid 7. The fastening device 9a is preferably a clamp. Further, it is also possible for the female die 4a of FIG. 7f to be fastened by means of a fastening device 9b in the window region 7a of the positioning aid 7.

(103) The embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b is arranged underneath the positioning aid 7 and the female die 4a and/or male die 4b, which is not represented in FIG. 7f to FIG. 7i. In particular, the female die 4a and/or male die 4b is therefore applied to the surface of the embossing roller 2a and/or of the counter-pressure roller 2b in the window region 7a of the positioning aid 7. Preferably, the female die 4a and the embossing roller 2a and/or the male die 4b and the counter-pressure roller 2b in each case represent two different components of the device, with the result that in particular a quick and easy setup and/or change of the setup of the device can be achieved, since only the female die 4a and/or male die 4b, which are small compared with the embossing roller 2a and/or the counter-pressure roller 2b, have to be changed.

(104) Advantageously, the female die 4a is magnetically attached to the embossing roller 2a and/or the male die 4b is magnetically attached to the counter-pressure roller 2b, with the result that in particular the easy and quick setup and/or change of the setup can be further improved.

(105) Preferably, the female die 4a is arranged on the embossing roller 2a and the male die 4b is arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b such that the retention force with which the female die 4a is arranged on the embossing roller 2a is higher, is preferably 1.5 to 5 times higher, is further preferably 2.5 to 3.5 times higher, than the retention force with which the male die 4a is arranged on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(106) It is hereby achieved that the male die 4a is arranged less firmly compared with the female die 4b. The male die 4b is thus arranged in particular “more loosely” than the female die 4a. Here, it has been shown that embossings that are comparable in terms of quality in particular with the vertical stamping method can nevertheless be achieved by means of such a relatively lower retention force of the male die 4b on the counter-pressure roller 2b compared with the female die 4a on the embossing roller 2a, since the male die 4b in particular has degrees of freedom due to the lower retention force such that it can occupy the ideal position in relation to the female die 4a forming the counterpart. As described above, the degrees of freedom can preferably be restricted and/or released by means of the adjusting aid 9a.

(107) FIG. 8a to FIG. 8c schematically show sectional representations of female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b.

(108) The female die 4a shown in FIG. 8a and the male die 9b shown in FIG. 9b, are advantageously designed multi-layered. Thus, the female die 4a and the male die 4b in particular comprise the layers 17a and 17b as well as the adhesive layer 17c.

(109) Here, the layer 17a has the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed. Further, it is possible for the elevations and/or recesses to represent a pattern, motif or lettering. A pattern can be, for example, a graphically designed outline, a figurative representation, an image, a symbol, a logo, a portrait and the like. Lettering can be, for example, an alphanumeric character, a text and the like. With respect to the different relief shapes that are to be embossed or can be embossed, reference is made here to the statements below.

(110) Further, it is advantageous if the elevations 18a have a height of at most 5.0 mm, preferably of at most 3.0 mm, further preferably of at most 1.0 mm, still further preferably of at most 0.5 mm, and/or if the recesses of the male die have a depth of at most 5.0 mm, preferably of at most 3.0 mm, further preferably of at most 1.0 mm, still further preferably of at most 0.5 mm.

(111) The layer 17a is preferably a metal layer of brass, bronze, copper, nickel, zinc, tin, lead, iron or steel. The metal layer 17a shown in FIG. 8a and FIG. 8b is a layer of brass.

(112) The layer 17b is preferably a metal layer of ferromagnetic materials, in particular comprising iron, ferrites, cobalt or nickel. Further, it is possible for the layer 17b to be a steel layer. The layer 17b shown in FIG. 8a and FIG. 8b is a layer of steel.

(113) Preferably, the layer 17a is a metal layer of a non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material and the layer 17b is a metal layer of a magnetic, in particular strongly magnetic, material. Thus, it is possible for the layer 17a to be a brass layer and for the layer 17b to be a steel layer. Advantageously, the layer 17b is in particular magnetic.

(114) Preferably, the thickness of the layer 17a is between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm, preferably between 0.75 mm and 2 mm, further preferably between 1 mm and 1.75 mm.

(115) Advantageously, the thickness of the layer 17b is between 0.05 mm and 1.5 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, further preferably between 0.15 mm and 0.5 mm.

(116) In the case of the female die 4a shown in FIG. 8a, the thickness of the layer 17a is, for example, 0.5 mm and the thickness of the layer 17b is, for example, 0.25 mm. In the case of the male die shown in FIG. 8b, the thickness of the layer 17a is, for example, 0.8 mm and the thickness of the layer 17b is, for example, 0.15 mm.

(117) The layers 17a and 17b are, as shown in FIG. 8a and FIG. 8b, preferably firmly joined by means of an adhesive layer 17c. The adhesive layer 17c is advantageously a hot-melt adhesive or cold adhesive layer. Thus, it is possible for the adhesive layer 17c to be a two-component adhesive (2C adhesive), in particular comprising epoxy resins. Expediently, the adhesive layer 17c is an epoxy-based 2C adhesive system, such as for example Araldite from Huntsman, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

(118) The adhesive layer 17c is preferably a double-sided adhesive tape, which is coated in particular on two sides with a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA). Such double-sided adhesive tapes can be obtained, for example, from tesa, Norderstedt, Germany.

(119) Further, the adhesive layer 17c preferably has a layer thickness between 0.01 mm and 0.75 mm, preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.5 mm, further preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.25 mm. In the case of the female die 4a shown in FIG. 8a, the thickness of the adhesive layer 17c is, for example, 0.05 mm, and in the case of the male die 4b shown in FIG. 8b, the thickness of the adhesive layer 17c is, for example, also 0.05 mm.

(120) The female die 4a and the male die 4b preferably contain the same materials and/or have the same layer structure, in particular the female die 4a and the male die 4b, in particular the layers of the female die 4a and of the male die 4b having the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed, are formed of metal, in particular of brass. Thus, it also possible for the layer 17a of the female die 4a and of the male die 4b to be formed of the same metal, preferably brass.

(121) It is expedient if the layer 17b, in particular the steel layer, of the female die 4a is thicker, is preferably 1.2 to 3.5 times, further preferably 1.2 to 2.5 times, thicker than the layer 17b, in particular steel layer, of the male die 4b. It is also possible for the layer 17b, in particular the steel layer, of the female die 4a to be at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm, further preferably 0.15 mm, thicker than the layer 17b, in particular steel layer, of the male die 4b. Through such different thicknesses of the layer 17b of the female die 4a and of the male die 4b, it can be achieved that the retention force with which the female die 4a is arranged, in particular magnetically, on the embossing roller 2a is higher than the retention force with which the male die 4b is arranged, in particular magnetically, on the counter-pressure roller 2b.

(122) Further, it is also possible for the female die 4a and/or male die 4b, in particular the layer 17a of the female die 4a and/or of the male die 4b, to comprise plastics, in particular photopolymers. Thus, it is also possible for the female die 4a and/or the male die 4b, in particular the layer of the female die 4a and/or of the male die 4b having the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed, to be formed of a plastic, in particular of a photopolymer.

(123) Likewise, it is possible for the female die 4a and male die 4b, in particular the layer 17a of the female die 4a and of the male die 4b, to contain different materials. Thus, it is possible for the female die 4a, in particular the layer 17a of the female die 4a, to be formed of metal, in particular brass, and the male die 4b, in particular the layer 17a of the male die 4b, to be formed of plastic, in particular of a photopolymer, natural rubber or vulcanized rubber. It is also possible for the layers of the female die 4a and of the male die 4b having the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed to be formed of different materials, in particular for the layer of the female die having the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b to be formed of metal, in particular of brass, and the layer of the male die 4b having the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b to be formed of plastic, in particular a photopolymer.

(124) Such a female die 4b is shown in FIG. 8c. The female die shown in FIG. 8b comprises the layers 17a, 17b and 17c. The layer 17a is a layer of plastic, in particular a photopolymer. With respect to the design of the adhesive layer 17c and of the layer 17b, reference is made here to the above statements.

(125) However, it is also possible for the female die 4a and/or male die 4b to be designed single-layered. Preferably, the single-layered female die 4a and/or male die 4b is magnetic. Advantageously, the single-layered female die 4a and/or male die 4b is formed of a magnetic, in particular strongly magnetic, material. Preferably, the single-layered female die 4a and/or male die 4b comprises ferromagnetic materials, in particular comprising iron, ferrites, cobalt and/or nickel.

(126) Thus, it is possible for the single-layered female die 4a and/or male die 4b to be formed of steel. The female die 4a and/or male die 4b can thus be in particular a single-layered steel female die and/or steel male die.

(127) In the case of a single-layered female die 4a and/or male die 4b, it is also advantageous if the female die 4a is thicker, is preferably between 1.2 and 3.5 times, further preferably between 1.2 and 2.5 times, thicker than the male die 4b. Here too, it is possible for the female die 4a to be at least 0.05 mm, preferably at least 0.1 mm, further preferably at least 0.15 mm, thicker than the male die 4b.

(128) Preferably, the female die 4a has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, and/or the male die 4b has a thickness between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 3 mm.

(129) FIG. 9a and FIG. 9b schematically show sectional representations of female dies 4a and/or male dies 4b.

(130) FIG. 9a shows a female die 4a, wherein the female die 4a is deformed such that the female die 4a has a curvature which substantially corresponds to the diameter of an embossing roller 2a, on which the female die 4a is arranged. The female die 4a shown in FIG. 9a preferably has the multi-layered structure of the female die 4a shown in FIG. 8a, which is, however, not represented graphically here for simplicity.

(131) FIG. 9b shows a male die 4b corresponding to the female die 4a of FIG. 9a, wherein the male die 4b is deformed such that the male die 4b has a curvature which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the counter-pressure roller 2b, on which the male die 4b is arranged.

(132) The curvatures is preferably produced by bending, in particular by free bending, press brake bending, swing folding or roll bending.

(133) FIG. 10a to FIG. 10g, FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e as well as FIG. 12a to FIG. 12d schematically show sectional representations of relief shapes.

(134) The relief shapes shown in FIG. 10a to FIG. 10g, FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e as well as FIG. 12a to FIG. 12d can be produced by means of the method for rotary blind embossing and by means of the device for rotary blind embossing. As stated above, depending on the desired relief shape to be embossed, the female die 4a and the male die 4b have elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b here which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed.

(135) Thus, single-level relief shapes are shown in cross section in FIG. 10a to FIG. 10g, which are designed raised, i.e. the relief shapes are embossed in the substrate 3 in particular according to an embossing. FIG. 10a shows a raised round relief shape, FIG. 10b a raised round relief shape with outline, FIG. 10c a raised flat relief shape with angular transition, FIG. 10d a raised flat and angular relief shape with outline, FIG. 10e a raised relief shape with rounded transition, FIG. 10f a raised prismatic relief shape with pointed apex and FIG. 10g a raised prismatic relief shape with flat apex.

(136) Further, single-level relief shapes are shown in cross section in FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e, which are designed recessed, i.e. the relief shapes are embossed in the substrate 3 in particular according to a debossing. FIG. 11a shows a recessed round relief shape, FIG. 11b a recessed round relief shape with angular transition, FIG. 11c a recessed flat relief shape with rounded transition, FIG. 11d recessed prismatic relief shape with pointed apex and FIG. 11e a recessed prismatic relief shape with flat apex.

(137) Furthermore, multi-level relief shapes are shown in cross section in FIG. 12a to FIG. 12d, which are designed raised or a combination of raised and recessed, i.e. the relief shapes are embossed in the substrate 3 in particular according to an embossing or according to an embossing and a debossing. FIG. 12a shows a raised multi-level relief shape, FIG. 11b a raised sculptured relief shape, FIG. 11c a multi-level combination of raised and recessed relief shapes and FIG. 11d likewise a multi-level combination of raised and recessed relief shapes. Further, it is also possible to produce, for example, multi-level recessed relief shapes. Further combinations of multi-level, raised and recessed relief shapes are further conceivable.

(138) By sculptured is preferably meant a relief shape which represents or forms a sculpture, a motif, a pattern or lettering.

(139) By means of the method for rotary blind embossing and by means of the device for rotary blind embossing, the relief shapes shown in FIG. 10a to FIG. 10g, FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e as well as FIG. 12a to FIG. 12d can be produced in high quality and large quantity, wherein by high quality is meant in particular an embossing result that is comparable with the vertical stamping method.

(140) Corresponding to the relief shapes shown in FIG. 10a to FIG. 10g, FIG. 11a to FIG. 11e as well as FIG. 12a to FIG. 12d, the female die 4a and the male die 4b have, depending on the desired relief shape to be embossed, the corresponding elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b here which correspond in particular, in positive and/or negative form, to the relief shapes to be embossed.

(141) Thus, it is possible for the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b of the female die 4a and/or of the male die 4b to have a shape selected from the group: round, flat, round and flat, flat and angular, prismatic, prismatic and flat, pointed or mixed forms of these shapes.

(142) Further, it is possible for the elevation 18a and/or recess 19b of the female die 4a and/or male die 4b to be designed multi-level, in particular sculptured, in its height and/or its depth.

(143) FIG. 13a and FIG. 13b show methods for producing a female die 4a and/or male die 4b.

(144) As shown in FIG. 13a, it is possible for the elevation 18a and/or recess 18b to be engraved and/or milled by means of a computer-controlled engraving machine and/or by means of a computer-controlled milling machine 19. For this purpose, first of all the relief shape is preferably defined and designed with the aid of a computer 20. The design can be effected manually or by means of predetermined relief shapes here. Then, on the basis of this design a dataset is preferably generated, which contains the relief shape, and the dataset is transferred to the computer-controlled engraving machine and/or milling machine 19. The elevations and/or recesses are then engraved and/or milled into the female die 4a and/or male die 4b, in particular as a function of the dataset.

(145) Alternatively, it is also possible for the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b to be produced by photolithography.

(146) Further, it is also possible, as shown in FIG. 13b, for the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b to be produced by means of a laser 20, in particular by laser ablation.

(147) In the case of laser ablation, the material of the female die 4a and/or of the male die 4b is preferably completely removed and/or ablated.

(148) The laser 20 is preferably a gas laser, in particular a CO.sub.2 laser, and/or a solid-state laser, in particular an Nd:YAG laser. The laser power is advantageously at least 20 W, preferably at least 30 W, further preferably at least 100 W. It is further advantageous if the wavelength of the laser 20 is between 9.35 μm and 10.25 μm.

(149) The laser beam 22 here is preferably deflected along the female die 4a and/or the male die by means of movable mirrors, in particular by means of a laser scanning module, with the result that the desired elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b are produced. The beam diameter of the laser 21 in the focal point here is in particular between 0.01 mm and 1 mm, preferably between 0.01 mm and 0.2 mm.

(150) In particular in the production of the female die 4a and/or male die 4b, it is further advantageous if the desired relief shape to be embossed are reduced in size by a predetermined reduction factor in particular before the elevations 18a and/or recess 18b are produced in the surface of the female die 4a and/or male die 4a. Preferably, the reduction factor is in particular between 0.95 and 1, preferably between 0.9750 and 0.9999, further preferably between 0.98000 and 0.99999, still further preferably between 0.99000 and 0.9999. The predetermined reduction factor is advantageously determined as a function of the diameter of the embossing roller and/or of the counter-pressure roller. Further, it is possible for the predetermined reduction factor to be determined as a function of the embossing length and/or of a printing length, in particular on the substrate. In the case of the production method shown in FIG. 13a and FIG. 13b, the predetermined reduction factor for the female die 4a is 0.99440 and for the male die 4b is 0.99800 with a diameter of the embossing roller 2a of 300 mm and a diameter of the counter-pressure roller of 600 mm.

(151) Regions of the at least one female die 4a and/or male die 4b, which are not to emboss the substrate 3, are preferably removed or cropped. In particular, the male die 4b is removed or cropped here such that the so-called base of the female die 2a is not embossed in the substrate 3. Here, the male die 4b is preferably removed or cropped by at least 0.2 mm, further preferably by at least 0.3 mm, still further preferably by at least 0.4 mm.

(152) Preferably, the elevations 18a and/or recesses 18b are introduced in flat states of the female die 4a and/or of the male die 4b and the female die 4a and/or the male die 4b is then deformed such that the female die 4a and/or male die 4b has a curvature which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the embossing roller 2a and/or the diameter of the counter-pressure roller 2b. Further, it is possible in a further step for the layer 17b to be applied by means of the adhesive layer 17c, wherein the layer 17b preferably already has a corresponding curvature.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(153) 1 device 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d work stations 2a embossing roller 2b counter-pressure roller 3 substrate 4a female die 4b male die 5a elevation of the substrate 5b depression of the substrate 6 fixing device 7 positioning aid 7a window region 7ab width of the window region 7al length of the window region 7b clamping device 7c width of the positioning aid 7d length of the positioning aid 7e thickness of the positioning aid 7f increased thickness of the positioning aid 8 compensation layer 9a adjusting aid 9b fastening device 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e method steps 11 transport device 12a embossing cylinder 12b counter-pressure cylinder 13 detail 14 motif 16 region 17a first metal layer 17b second metal layer 17c adhesive layer 18a elevation of the female die/male die 18b recess of the female die/male die 19 engraving machine, milling machine 20 computer 21 laser 22 laser beam