Abstract
The invention relates to a solid-fuel combustion device, comprising a fuel reservoir for a solid fuel in the form of fuel pieces and a combustion chamber having at least one first opening for the feeding of air and having at least one second opening for the escape of heat and exhaust gases produced when the solid fuel is burned. During proper use, the fuel reservoir is arranged in such a way that the fuel pieces can enter the combustion chamber under the force gravity and can burn there. The fuel reservoir is closed air-tight at least in such a way that no or at least no significant burning can occur in the fuel reservoir during proper use. During proper use, the first opening is arranged below the combustion chamber and the second opening is arranged to the side of the combustion chamber.
Claims
1-15. (canceled)
16. A solid-fuel combustion device having a fuel reservoir (1) for a solid fuel present in the form of fuel pieces, and a combustion chamber (2) having at least one first opening (6) for air feed and at least one second opening (8) for escape of heat and exhaust gases that occur during combustion of the solid fuel, wherein the fuel reservoir (1) is arranged, during proper use, in such a manner that the fuel pieces get into the combustion chamber (2) by means of gravity and can burn there, wherein the fuel reservoir (1) is closed off in airtight manner, at least to such an extent that during proper use, no combustion or at least no significant combustion can take place in the fuel reservoir (1), wherein during proper use, the first opening (6) is arranged below the combustion chamber (2) and the second opening (8) is arranged at the side of the combustion chamber (2), wherein the combustion chamber (2) and the fuel reservoir (1), during proper use, are arranged one directly above the other, characterized in that the combustion chamber (2) and the fuel reservoir (1) have a common side wall that delimits both the combustion chamber (2) and the fuel reservoir (1).
17. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the combustion chamber (2) and the fuel reservoir (1) jointly form a space and that no spacing and no component are present between the combustion chamber (2) and the fuel reservoir (1), which spacing or component delimits the combustion chamber (2) relative to the fuel reservoir (1).
18. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel reservoir (1) and the combustion chamber (2) have the same cross-sectional surface area in a horizontal cross-section.
19. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel reservoir (1) and the combustion chamber (2) have the same cross-sectional surface area in a horizontal cross-section over the total height of the combustion chamber (2) and of the fuel reservoir (1)
20. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the combustion chamber (2) has a plurality of second openings (8), which are arranged on multiple sides of the combustion chamber (2).
21. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the combustion chamber (2), during proper use, is closed off in a downward direction by a grate (7) that is optionally releasably fixed in place and has a plurality of the first openings (6).
22. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the first opening (6) and the second opening (8) form a common opening (12), of which a first part serves for air feed to the combustion chamber and a second part serves for escape of heat and exhaust gases that occur during combustion of the solid fuel, in each instance.
23. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the combustion chamber (2) and the fuel reservoir (1) are composed of a plurality of pieces.
24. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel reservoir (1) and the combustion chamber (2) are produced from one piece.
25. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel reservoir (1) is provided with an upper closure (5).
26. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the fuel reservoir (1) has at least 1.5 times the height of the combustion chamber (2).
27. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the solid-fuel combustion device comprises a grill (3), a cooking oven having a cooking chamber (16) or a smoker oven having a smoker chamber.
28. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the solid-fuel combustion device is configured as a heating stove.
29. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that a shunting device (13) having an outgoing line (14) is arranged on the at least one second opening (8), which device surrounds the at least one second opening (8) for conducting away the heat and exhaust gases that occur, or, in the case of the presence of multiple second openings (8), also for collecting the heat and exhaust gases that occur.
30. The solid-fuel combustion device according to claim 16, characterized in that the solid-fuel combustion device has a stand (9) configured as a hollow body, having at least one further opening (11) through which air can penetrate from outside and get to the first opening (6).
Description
[0036] The figures show:
[0037] FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, comprising a grill,
[0038] FIG. 2 a schematic cross-sectional representation of the solid-fuel combustion device according to FIG. 1,
[0039] FIG. 3 a schematic representation of an embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention as an oven,
[0040] FIG. 4 a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, having a first and second opening forming a common opening,
[0041] FIGS. 5a, b a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, having a further opening for air feed that lies below the combustion chamber,
[0042] FIGS. 6a, b, c a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, having a shunting device that surrounds the second openings,
[0043] FIG. 7 a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, having a heat exchanger connected with it,
[0044] FIG. 8 a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, having a cooking chamber connected with it, and
[0045] FIG. 9 a further embodiment of a solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention, comprising a cooking chamber.
[0046] FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device having a fuel reservoir 1 as well as a combustion chamber 2, comprising a grill 3 having three legs 19. The combustion chamber 2 is supplied from the fuel reservoir 1 by means of gravity charging. Here, the combustion chamber 2 lies completely below the grill grate 4, so that combustion heat that flows out of the combustion chamber 2 can be used to heat grilled food. The fuel reservoir 1 is closed off in airtight manner by the upper closure 5, at least to such an extent that during proper use, no significant combustion can take place in the fuel reservoir 1. In particular, the closure 5 is structured in such a manner that no chimney effect occurs in the fuel reservoir 1.
[0047] FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of the solid-fuel combustion device according to FIG. 1. The fuel reservoir 1 with closure 5 is arranged above the grill grate 4, while the combustion chamber 2 is arranged below the grill grate 4. During combustion that takes place in the combustion chamber 2, air flows into the combustion chamber 2 through further openings 11 at the side and at the bottom in the stand 9 of the solid-fuel combustion device, which stand is configured as a hollow body, and through first openings 6 in a grate 7, not shown here, which closes off the combustion chamber 2 in a downward direction. The further openings 11 at the bottom of the stand 9 overlap with perforations in the grill 3, not shown here, so that thereby air can flow through the perforations into the further openings 11. The exhaust gases and heat that occur during combustion of the solid fuel get to the outside through second openings 8 on the side of the combustion chamber 2. The second openings 8 can be present on one or more sides of the combustion chamber and can be formed by a grid, for example. It is practical if the second openings 8 surround the entire combustion chamber 2 laterally.
[0048] The height of the solid-fuel combustion device can amount to 20 to 70 cm, particularly 30 to 50 cm. In this regard, the height of the fuel reservoir 1 can amount to 15 to 30 cm. The cross-sectional surface area of the solid-fuel combustion device can be round or polygonal in a horizontal cross-section. It is practical if the shape of the cross-sectional surface area in the region of the combustion chamber 2 and of the fuel reservoir 1, and the shape of the grill grate 4 are coordinated with one another, so that no grilled food can fall through between the grill grate 4 and the combustion chamber 2 or the fuel reservoir 1. The diameter of the cross-sectional surface area or the diagonal line through the cross-sectional surface area of the column can amount to 10 to 25 cm.
[0049] In the region of the stand 9, below the further opening 11, it is practical if a collection device for ash, not shown here, is affixed, which has an emptying possibility, for example one configured in the form of a flap that can be opened.
[0050] FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention as an independently standing heating stove, for example for heating a greenhouse or as a heating stove in a terrace area. The upper closure 5 of the fuel reservoir 1 is structured as a flap that allows refilling of the fuel pieces. The combustion chamber 2 lies below the fuel reservoir 1, so that the fuel pieces of the solid fuel get into the combustion chamber by means of gravity. Air gets into the combustion chamber 2 through first openings 6 in the grate 7, which closes off the combustion chamber from below. Gases that occur due to combustion escape from the combustion chamber 2 through the second openings 8. The second openings 8 are structured as a grid in one or more side walls of the combustion chamber. It is practical if the heating stove comprises a stand 9 structured as a hollow body, which has a further opening 11 through which air can get to the first openings 6. The further opening 11 can have a grid. In order to guarantee stable standing of the solid-fuel combustion device, the stand 9 is provided with a foot 10. Here, the stove is structured as a column having a polygonal cross-sectional surface area in a horizontal cross-section. In this regard, the height of the fuel reservoir 1 amounts to at least 1.5 times the height of the combustion chamber 2. It is practical if the height of the column amounts to between 0.5 and 2 m. The column can be configured in such a manner that it can be separated between stand 9 and combustion chamber 2 or between combustion chamber 2 and fuel reservoir 1 for transport and/or for maintenance purposes.
[0051] FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the air flow management, which is possible both in the embodiment as a grill and in the embodiment as a heating stove. In this regard, further openings 11 and the second openings 8 are each combined with one another in such a manner that common openings 12 are formed. The grate 7 with the first openings 6 contained in it divides these common openings 12 into a region that forms the further openings 11, below the grate 7, and a region that forms the second openings 8, above the grate 7.
[0052] FIG. 5a shows a solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention configured as a simple heating stove, for example for operation on a terrace, in an outer view. FIG. 5b shows this solid-fuel combustion device schematically with an outer sheath shown in transparent manner. The solid-fuel combustion device comprises a fuel reservoir 1 and a combustion chamber 2 that is closed off in a downward direction by a grate 7 having first openings 6 contained in it. The combustion chamber 2 has a plurality of second openings 8 for escape of heat and exhaust gases that occur during combustion of the solid fuel. Directly below the grate 7, there is the further opening 11 for inflow of air to the first openings 6, in the foot 10. The fuel reservoir 1 is closed off on its top side.
[0053] FIG. 6a and FIG. 6b show a solid-fuel combustion device that corresponds to the device shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, except for the dimensions, wherein FIG. 6b is a schematic representation of the device shown in FIG. 6a, with the outer sheath shown in transparent manner. The device according to FIGS. 6a and 6b differs from the device according to FIGS. 5a and 5b in that the second openings 8 are surrounded in gastight manner by a shunting device 13 for shunting and collecting the heat and exhaust gases that occur during combustion of the solid fuel. An outgoing line 14 is provided on the shunting device 13 to conduct the exhaust gases away.
[0054] FIG. 6c shows an alternative embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, with an outer sheath shown in transparent manner. The embodiment differs from the solid-fuel combustion device according to FIGS. 6a and 6b in that the foot 10 is not connected with the combustion chamber 2. The fuel reservoir 1 and the combustion chamber 2 having the grate 7 that has the first openings 6, and having the second openings 8 in the side wall of the combustion chamber 2, already represents a very simple embodiment of the solid-fuel combustion device according to the invention. The shunting device 13 that is additionally present here, with the outgoing line 14 and the foot 10 configured as a hollow body, which is connected with the shunting device 13 by an air feed opening 20 and thereby allows air feed through the foot 10 from below, is actually not required for operation of the solid-fuel combustion device.
[0055] FIG. 7 shows the device shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b with a heat exchanger 15 connected with the outgoing line 14. Here, the heat exchanger is shown in the form of a long pipe that can give the heat off to the room air surrounding the heat exchanger, for example. Alternatively, however, such a heat exchanger can also be surrounded by a liquid, so as to heat this liquid. A combustion gas outlet opening 18 is provided at the upper end of the heat exchanger 15, which opening can lead to a chimney, for example, or can itself be structured as a chimney.
[0056] FIG. 8 shows the device shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b, in which the outgoing line 14 ends in a cooking chamber 16. The cooking chamber 16 has a cooking grate 17 and a combustion gas outlet opening 18. The combustion gas outlet opening 18 has a regulation device, not shown here, for regulating the size of the passage for the combustion gas. In such a cooking chamber, a food being cooked, for example a large piece of meat, can be cooked over many hours at a relatively low temperature in the combustion gas and in the smoke that forms during combustion. Such cooking is generally referred to as “smoking.”
[0057] FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of a cooking chamber 16 having a cooking grate 17, a plurality of combustion gas outlet openings 18 that can be regulated in terms of their throughput, and three legs 19. The fuel reservoir 1 is integrated into the cooking chamber with the combustion chamber 2 and the second openings 8. A stand 9 having a plurality of further openings 11 is arranged below the combustion chamber 2. The further openings 11 in the stand 9 overlap with openings, not shown here, in the bottom of the cooking chamber 16, so that air can get all the way to the first openings 6 in the grate 7, not shown here, through these openings and the further openings 11.
[0058] The upper part of the cooking chamber 16 is generally configured as a removable lid, not shown here, in order to be able to lay the food to be cooked onto the cooking grate 17, for example, and to be able to place the solid fuel into the fuel reservoir 1. For this purpose, the fuel reservoir 1 can have a further lid, not shown here, on its top side, which lid is removable but can be closed in airtight manner, to a great extent.
REFERENCE SYMBOL LIST
[0059] 1 fuel reservoir [0060] 2 combustion chamber [0061] 3 grill [0062] 4 grill grate [0063] 5 closure of the fuel reservoir [0064] 6 first opening [0065] 7 grate [0066] 8 second opening [0067] 9 stand [0068] 10 foot [0069] 11 further opening [0070] 12 common opening [0071] 13 shunting device [0072] 14 outgoing line [0073] 15 heat exchanger [0074] 16 cooking chamber [0075] 17 cooking grate [0076] 18 combustion gas outlet opening [0077] 19 leg [0078] 20 air feed opening
