DEVICE FOR PROTECTING THE PLANTAR PADDING, IN PARTICULAR DURING A SPORTING ACTIVITY

Abstract

A device protects the plantar padding of a foot, wherein: a cushion including a viscoelastic material, configured to be held against the skin of the plantar region, and covering all of the metatarsal heads and the metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot, and an elastic band attached to the cushion along two opposing transverse edges, and by a tab configured to pass between the big toe and the adjacent toe of the foot, the band having a width configured to entirely cover side bulges formed by the metatarsophalangeal joints of the small and big toes, wherein a portion of the band configured for contacting the top of the foot includes tacky elements on both sides thereof, thereby preventing the protective device from sliding on the skin when it is placed on the foot and inside a sock surrounding the foot.

Claims

1. A device for protecting the plantar padding of a foot, comprising: a cushion including a viscoelastic material, configured to be held against the skin of the plantar region, and covering the metatarsal heads and the metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot, and an elastic band attached to the cushion along two opposing transverse edges, and by a tab configured to pass between the big toe and the adjacent toe of the foot, the band having a width configured to entirely cover internal and external side bulges formed by the metatarsophalangeal joints of the small and big toes, wherein a portion of the band configured for contacting the top of the foot includes tacky elements on both sides thereof, thereby preventing the protective device from sliding on the skin when it is placed on the foot and inside a sock surrounding the foot.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the tacky elements are in the form of studs, or have a grid or honeycomb structure, and are made of polymer gel.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the tacky elements of one side of the band have a grid or honeycomb structure.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the tacky elements protrude from the surface of the fabric forming the band by 0.4 to 0.6 mm.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the cushion includes a pocket holding a pad made of viscoelastic material.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the pad is made of polymer gel having a hardness corresponding to a penetration index between 30 and 80 measured with a penetrometer, and has a thickness between 1 and 1.8 mm.

7. The device of claim 5, wherein the pad is made of polymer gel having a hardness corresponding to a penetration index between 70 and 100 measured with a penetrometer, and has a thickness between 0.3 and 1 mm.

8. The device of claim 5, wherein the cushion comprises an external fabric piece having a thickness between 0.5 and 1 mm, and an internal fabric piece configured to contact the skin of the foot, having a thickness between 0.2 and 0.6 mm.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the external fabric piece), the band and the tab are integral with a same piece of elastic fabric.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the band has, along the sides of the foot, a width between 35 and 45 mm.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the band has a thickness between 0.5 and 1 mm.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein the cushion has a shape included within a rectangle having a length of at least 83 to 105 mm, and a width of at least 56 to 68 mm.

13. The device of claim 1, wherein the band is attached to the cushion for maintaining the cushion on the foot such that a proximal edge of the cushion forms an angle between 70 and 80° with a longitudinal axis of the foot.

Description

[0033] FIGS. 1A, 1B and 2 show a device for protecting the foot, according to one embodiment. The device comprises a cushion 1 and an elastic band 2 attached to the cushion 1 along two opposing transverse edges 24, 25 of the cushion. The cushion 1 together with the band 2 thus form a sleeve with two opposite openings, adjusted so that it gently compresses the front of the foot. The band 2 is also attached to the cushion 1 through a tab 21 integral with the band 2 and attached to a distal longitudinal edge 16 of the cushion. The tab 21 thus delimits two openings 31, 32, the opening 31 being configured for receiving the big toe of the foot, and the opening 32 being configured for receiving the other toes.

[0034] According to an embodiment, the band 2 is made of an elastic fabric, for instance run-resistant fabric, and has a thickness comprised between 0.5 and 1 mm, for example about 0.6 mm.

[0035] The cushion 1 comprises a pad 11 made of a viscoelastic material configured to ensure a load distribution function. According to an embodiment, the pad is held in a pocket formed by an external fabric piece 12 assembled with an internal fabric piece 13. The shape and the dimensions of the pocket may be adjusted to fit the pad 11. The pad 11 may be glued by its entire surface on one of the two fabric pieces 12, 13, for instance the external fabric piece 12. The external and internal fabric pieces 12, 13 may be elastic and have a thickness comprised between 0.5 and 0.8 mm, for example about 0.6 mm. According to an embodiment, the internal fabric piece 13 is thinner, having for instance a thickness comprised between 0.2 and 0.6 mm, for example about 0.2 mm.

[0036] According to an embodiment, the pad 11 is made of viscoelastic polymer gel, for example silicone gel. The pad 11 may thus be made of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), having a relatively high hardness, corresponding to a penetration index comprised between 30 and 80 (measured with a penetrometer—see standard NF T 77-104, April 1986). These penetration index values are provided for establishing comparisons between different viscoelastic materials, bearing in mind that the standard NF T 77-104 specifies limiting the index values to a range from 85 to 400. As a comparison, the pads used in the cushions for elderly people had a penetration index of 81 to 95, measured in the same conditions. The pad 11 may have a thickness comprised between 1 and 1.8 mm, for example about 1.5 mm. In this manner, the overall thickness below the foot of the protection device may reach at least 1.7 mm. In the above example, the ratio of the viscoelastic material thickness to the overall thickness of the device below the foot may reach 71% (1.5/2.1). Under these conditions of thickness and hardness of the pad 11 and of thickness of its enveloping fabric, the pad 11 is fit to ensure an efficient protection of a healthy plantar padding, without affecting the postural stability of the user, while occupying minimal space in the shoe.

[0037] FIG. 3 shows the cushion 1. The cushion 1 fits within a rectangle CR, one long side of which coincides by more than two thirds with a proximal edge 15 of the cushion. It should be noted that the rectangle CR is the smallest rectangle in which the cushion 1 fits. According to adult foot sizes, the cushion fits in a rectangle CR having a length comprised between 83 and 105 mm and a width comprised between 56 and 68 mm. The rectangle CR may thus have a minimum size of 83×56 mm and a maximum size of 105×68 mm.

[0038] As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 showing the protection device fitted on a foot, the shape and dimensions of the cushion 1 (and thus of the pad 11) are designed to cover all of the metatarsal heads and metatarsophalangeal joints of the foot, and, if necessary, part of the two lateral edges of the foot. The cushion 1 is designed to be placed on the foot so that its distal edge 16 substantially coincides with a line passing through the base of the toes in the case of an Egyptian-type foot. In this position, the proximal edge 15 of the cushion 1 extending along an axis O (corresponding to the direction of the long sides of the rectangle CR) forms an angle with the longitudinal axis X of the foot (passing through the center of the heel and the middle of the end of the second toe) between 70 and 80°, depending on the morphology of the foot. In the example of FIGS. 4 and 5, this angle is 72°.

[0039] The band 2 is configured to completely cover the internal lateral protrusion PL1 and external lateral protrusion PL2 of the foot, formed by the articulations between the metatarsal and the first phalanx of the big toe and of the small toe, respectively. It appears that this arrangement contributes to holding the cushion 1 in place on the foot, preventing in particular the sliding of the protection device along the axis of the foot. The band 2 has substantially the same width (within 15%), between 35 and 45 mm, on the lateral sides of the foot.

[0040] FIG. 6A shows the protection device according to one embodiment in a position showing the outer surface of the band 2. FIG. 6B shows the protection device according to one embodiment in an inverted configuration in order to show the internal surface of the band 2, configured to contact the skin of the foot. In embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 2, 6A and 6B, the band 2 is covered on both sides with protruding tacky elements 22, 23, designed to prevent the device from sliding on or around the foot, in particular when the device is clamped in a shoe. The clamping exerted by the elastic band 2, combined with the shape of the band and with the adhesion and the shape of the tacky elements 22 and 23, favors maintaining the protection device on the foot, including when practicing sports involving strong accelerations and sudden changes in direction. For this purpose, it is not necessary for the clamping force exerted by the band 2 around the foot to be excessive and cause discomfort to the user, even if the protection device is worn for several hours.

[0041] The tacky elements 22, 23 may be made of silicone gel, and fixed to the fabric by coating, depositing the silicone gel onto the fabric forming band 2 in sufficiently liquid form (before complete reticulation) to penetrate the fabric and obtain sufficient mechanical strength without the use of glue.

[0042] In FIG. 6A, the external tacky elements 22 formed on the outer surface of the band 2 have a grid structure formed of evenly spaced parallel strips intersecting with other equally spaced parallel strips. The external tacky elements 22 can cover all or part of the tab 21 and the parts located on the lateral sides of the foot. Such a grid or honeycomb structure has the advantage of imparting a certain strength or rigidity to the fabric forming the band 2. It turns out that this feature contributes to keeping the device on the foot.

[0043] In FIG. 6B, the internal tacky elements 23 formed on the internal surface of the band 2 are spherical cap-shaped studs, uniformly distributed on the internal surface of the band 2, including on the parts of the band 2 that contact the lateral parts of the foot. To avoid discomfort to the user, the internal face of the tab 21 may be devoid of tacky elements.

[0044] The tacky elements 22, 23 protrude each above the surface of the fabric forming the band 2, between 0.4 and 0.6 mm. Thus, the band 2 and the tacky elements 22, 23 together have a thickness comprised between 1.5 and 2 mm, for example about 1.6 mm. This thickness added to that of the cushion 1, of the order of 4.2 mm, remains low. In this respect, it should be noted that the elements 23 partially penetrate the skin and that, in the presence of a sock, the elements 22 partly penetrate the sock, which also contributes to holding of the protection device on the foot. Under these conditions, the bulk of the protection device remains sufficiently low to be compatible with wearing socks and shoes without affecting the comfort of the user.

[0045] It should be noted that, even if the external tacky elements 22 penetrate completely into the thickness of a sock, they generate localized pressure points on the inside of the shoe, which pressure points contribute to maintaining the protection device on the foot. It should also be noted that the sock generally remains in place in the shoe without being subjected to rotational displacements around the foot. It therefore also ensures a certain retention of the band 2 by means of the external tacky elements 22.

[0046] FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating ranges of values envisaged for the thickness Ep and the hardness PP of the pad 11, the hardness being expressed as penetration index values measured using a penetrometer. FIG. 7 shows ranges of values C1, C2, C3. The range C1 corresponds to the values of thickness and hardness of the pad according to the prior art, used for elderly people having a worn-out plantar padding. The range C1 is defined between the hardness limits PP of 81 and 95 and the thickness limits Ep of 2 and 3 mm. The range C2 corresponds to a pad used for ensuring a load distribution function (i.e. vertical forces), with no significant effect on postural stability. The range C2 is defined between the hardness limits PP of 30 and 80 and between the thickness limits Ep of 1 and 1.8 mm.

[0047] According to one embodiment, the pad 11 may also have values of hardness and thickness belonging to the range C3. The range C3 is defined to ensure both a load distribution function and a protection function against heating of the plantar area. Such heating occurs in particular when wearing shoes having low or no damping capability, and/or when practicing sports activities involving strong accelerations directed parallel to the ground, i.e. both along the axis of the foot (when accelerating and coasting), and along a perpendicular axis, for example when suddenly changing contact points. The range C3 is defined between the PP hardness limits of 70 and 100 and between the EP thickness limits of 0.3 and 1 mm. In the range C3, the pad 11 is softer than in the range C2 to absorb shear forces occurring under forces parallel to the ground. In the range C3, the pad 11 is also thinner than in the range C2 to limit the postural instability which may appear due to the fact that the pad is softer than in the range C2. Measurements have confirmed that the postural instability generated by a cushion containing a pad 11 belonging to the range C3 is not greater than with a pad belonging to the range C2. On the other hand, the instability is greater with a pad belonging to the range C1. The protocol used to measure the impact of the pad on postural stability includes measurement phases of a medial lateral force (parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the X axis of the foot), including a measurement phase without the cushion and measurement phases with cushions under the feet, during which testers run for a period of several minutes. The results obtained during these measurement phases allow a comparative evaluation of the magnitude of the user's compensations caused by the use of the cushions. Thus, the smaller the medial lateral force measured, the greater the compensations made by the tester to recover the same balance. It should be noted that the measurements were carried out barefoot, because wearing shoes also influences the postural stability in connection with the adequate sizing and fitting of the shoes.

[0048] At lower thicknesses, of less than 1.5 mm, the pad 11 may be formed by coating the fabric piece 12 or 13 (or 3), if necessary through multiple successive coating steps to achieve the desired thickness.

[0049] It should be noted that tacky elements, such as the tacky elements 22 or 23 may also be provided on the outer surface of the external fabric piece 12. Furthermore, the tacky elements formed on the inner surface of the band may have a grid or honeycomb structure.

[0050] The tacky elements may have other shapes. FIG. 8 thus shows an internal or external surface of the protection device, on which tacky elements 22′ are formed having a honeycomb structure. It should be noted that the grid or honeycomb structures of the tacky elements 22, 22′ do not necessarily have equal length sides, since these structures may be stretched along a given direction.

[0051] As illustrated in FIG. 9, showing the protection device at an intermediate manufacturing step, the device can be manufactured by making the outer fabric piece 12, the tab 21 and the band 2, described above, as a single piece of fabric 3. The pad 11 and the tacky elements 22, 23 may then be formed on, or attached to the piece of fabric 3. The inner piece of fabric 13 can then be attached to the piece of fabric 3 while covering the pad 11 and forming a pocket, for example by a seam 13a formed along the edge of the pad. The piece of fabric 3 can then be folded on itself to form a sleeve, for example by using an edge-to-edge seam between opposite edges 3a, 3b. The free end of the tab 21 can be fixed in the same manner to an opposing edge of the piece of fabric 3. In the example of FIG. 9, these seams may be achieved in part on the seam 13a.

[0052] It is not necessary for the seam 13a to extend along the entire outline of the pad 11. It is sufficient that the piece of fabric 13 does not slip, thereby allowing the pad to come into contact with the skin of the foot. Nor is it necessary for the band 2 and the external fabric piece 12 to be made of the same piece of fabric. In this case, the band 2 may be assembled with the piece 12 through three seams, namely two opposite seams and a seam for fixing the free end of the tab 21 formed in the band 2.

[0053] By virtue of these configurations, the entire device is made of materials (fabrics, silicone gel) adapted to be placed in contact with the skin for long periods of time. Furthermore, these materials have the advantage of being washable multiple times, thus allowing the protection device to be used for several months. It should also be noted that the protection device does not have large surfaces of waterproof material. Indeed, the pad 11 is not in direct contact with the skin, since the piece of fabric 13 is placed between the pad and the skin, and the tacky elements 22, 23 have small surface areas. As a result, the protection device does not impede the evacuation of perspiration, which could in particular reduce the adhesion of the device to the skin.

[0054] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is susceptible of various alternative embodiments. In particular, the invention is not limited to the use of silicone gel as a viscoelastic material for the pad 11 and the tacky elements 22, 23. These elements may thus be made of other materials such as neoprene, urethane polymers, and the like.