LEADING EDGE PROTECTION FOR A WIND TURBINE BLADE
20230184208 · 2023-06-15
Inventors
- Harald BEHMER (Eastleigh Hampshire, GB)
- Horacio BULACIO (Kolding, DK)
- Marc Canal Vila (Barcelona, ES)
- Michael Drachmann HAAG (Kolding, DK)
- Andreas HERRIG (Salzbergen, DE)
- Jordy HERTEL NILSSON VAN KALKEN (Kolding, DK)
- Hans MINNEE (Heerhugowaard, NL)
Cpc classification
F03D1/0675
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
F05B2240/303
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
Y02E10/72
GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
International classification
Abstract
A wind turbine blade includes a leading edge protection element attached to the leading edge of the wind turbine blade. The leading edge protection element extends in a longitudinal direction between an outboard end and an inboard end and includes an attachment surface mounted to an exterior surface of the blade, an exterior surface opposite the attachment surface, a first section extending from the leading edge and along a part of the pressure side of the wind turbine blade to a first transverse end at a first position on the pressure side of the blade, and a second section extending from the leading edge and along a part of the suction side of the wind turbine blade to a second transverse end at a second position on the suction side of the blade.
Claims
1-37. (canceled)
38. A wind turbine blade extending from a root to a tip, the wind turbine blade comprising a root region, and an airfoil region comprising the tip, a pressure side, a suction side and a chord line extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge, the wind turbine blade comprising a leading edge protection element attached to the leading edge of the wind turbine blade, the leading edge protection element extending in a longitudinal direction and having a length between an outboard end and an inboard end and comprising: an attachment surface mounted to an exterior surface of the blade, an exterior surface opposite the attachment surface, a first section extending from the leading edge and along a part of the pressure side of the wind turbine blade to a first transverse end at a first position on the pressure side of the blade, the first section having a first extent from the leading edge of the wind turbine blade to the first position on the pressure side of the blade, and a second section extending from the leading edge and along a part of the suction side of the wind turbine blade to a second transverse end at a second position on the suction side of the blade, the second section having a second extent from the leading edge of the wind turbine blade to the second position on the suction side of the blade, wherein the second extent is larger than the first extent along at least an inboard portion of the leading edge protection element.
39. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38, wherein the ratio between the first extent and the second extent is between 1:3-1:6.
40. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38, wherein the inboard portion of the leading edge protection element extends in a longitudinal direction between 2-100% of the length of the leading edge protection element, such as between 5-80% of the length of the leading edge protection element, such as at least 50% of the length of the leading edge protection element.
41. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38, wherein the second extent is smaller than the first extent along at least an outboard portion of the leading edge protection element.
42. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the second section extends along at least 20% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade along at least the inboard portion of the leading edge protection element, such as at least 30% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade, such as at least 50% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade.
43. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the first section extends along at least 5% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade along at least the inboard portion of the leading edge protection element, such as at least 15% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade, such as at least 30% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade and/or the first section extends along at least 30% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade along at least the outboard portion of the leading edge protection element, such as at least 40% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade, such as at least 70% of the chord line of the wind turbine blade.
44. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein at least one of an end portion of the first section and an end portion of the second section are chamfered, and/or at least one of an end portion at the outboard end and an end portion at the inboard end are chamfered.
45. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the outboard end is arranged proximal the tip of the wind turbine blade.
46. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the length of the leading edge protection element is between 15-30% of the length of the wind turbine blade, such as between 20-25% of the length of the wind turbine blade.
47. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the leading edge protection element is divided into a plurality of parts extending along separate longitudinal parts of the wind turbine blade.
48. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the leading edge protection element has a substantially triangular or trapezoidal shape, wherein the width between the first transverse end and the second transverse end increases from the outboard end to the inboard end, and optionally, wherein the width increases linearly.
49. Wind turbine blade according to claim 38 wherein the transition from an outboard configuration at an outboard portion of the leading edge protection element to an inboard configuration at an inboard portion of the leading edge protection element is gradual or smooth, and/or jumps in discrete intervals.
50. A method for protecting a leading edge of a wind turbine blade, wherein the wind turbine blade extends from a root to a tip, and comprising a root region, and an airfoil region comprising the tip, a pressure side, a suction side and a chord line extending between the leading edge and a trailing edge, the method comprising: providing a wind turbine blade, providing a leading edge protection element, the leading edge protection element extending in a longitudinal direction and having a length between an outboard end and an inboard end and comprising: an attachment surface mounted to an exterior surface of the blade, an exterior surface opposite the attachment surface, a first section configured to extend from the leading edge and along a part of the pressure side of the wind turbine blade to a first transverse end at a first position on the pressure side of the blade, and a second section configured to extend from the leading edge and along a part of the suction side of the wind turbine blade to a second transverse end at a second position on the suction side of the blade, attaching the leading edge protection element to the wind turbine blade such that the first section has a first extent from the leading edge of the wind turbine blade to the first position on the pressure side of the blade and such that the second section has a second extent from the leading edge of the wind turbine blade to the second position on the suction side of the blade, and wherein the second extent is larger than the first extent along at least an inboard portion of the leading edge protection element.
51. Method according to claim 50, wherein the leading edge protection element is attached such that the outboard end of the leading edge protection element is proximate the tip of the wind turbine blade.
52. A leading edge protection element for a wind turbine blade extending in a longitudinal direction and having a length between an outboard end and an inboard end and comprising: an attachment surface configured to be mounted to an exterior surface of a wind turbine blade, a first section extending from a leading edge line to a first transverse end and having a first extent from the leading edge line to the first transverse send, the leading edge line being configured to be aligned with a leading edge of the blade, the first section being configured to extend along a part of a pressure side of the blade and the first transverse end being configured to be aligned with a first position on the pressure side of the blade, and a second section extending from the leading edge line to a second transverse end and having a second extent from the leading edge line to the second transverse send, the second section being configured to extend along a part of a suction side of the blade, the second transverse end being configured to be aligned with a second position on the suction side of the blade, wherein the second extent is larger than the first extent along at least an inboard portion of the leading edge protection element.
53. Leading edge protection element according to claim 52, wherein the ratio between the first extent and the second extent is between 1:3-1:6.
54. Leading edge protection element according to claim 52, wherein the inboard portion of the leading edge protection element extends in a longitudinal direction between 2-100% of the length of the leading edge protection element, such as between 5-80% of the length of the leading edge protection element, such as at least 50% of the length of the leading edge protection element.
55. Leading edge protection element according to claim 52, wherein the second extent is smaller than the first extent along at least an outboard portion of the leading edge protection element.
56. Leading edge protection element according to claim 52, wherein the leading edge protection element has a substantially triangular or trapezoidal shape, wherein the width between the first transverse end and the second transverse end increases from the outboard end to the inboard end, and optionally, wherein the width increases linearly.
57. Leading edge protection element according to claim 52, wherein the transition from an outboard configuration at an outboard portion of the leading edge protection element to an inboard configuration at an inboard portion of the leading edge protection element is gradual or smooth, and/or jumps in discrete intervals.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0080] Embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail in the following with regard to the accompanying figures. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. Like elements may, thus, not be described in detail with respect to the description of each figure. The figures show one way of implementing the present invention and are not to be construed as being limiting to other possible embodiments falling within the scope of the attached claim set. In addition, an illustrated embodiment needs not have all the aspects or advantages shown. An aspect or an advantage described in conjunction with a particular embodiment is not necessarily limited to that embodiment and can be practiced in any other embodiment even if not so illustrated, or if not so explicitly described.
[0081]
[0082]
[0083]
[0084]
[0085]
[0086]
[0087]
[0088]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0089] In the following figure description, the same reference numbers refer to the same elements and may thus not be described in relation to all figures.
[0090]
[0091]
[0092] The airfoil region 34 (also called the profiled region) has an ideal or almost ideal blade shape with respect to generating maximum lift at minimum drag for a particular wind speed and rotational speed range, whereas the root region 30 due to structural considerations has a substantially circular or elliptical cross-section, which for instance makes it easier and safer to mount the blade 10 to the hub. The diameter (or the chord) of the root region 30 may be constant along the entire root area 30. The transition region 32 has a transitional profile gradually changing from the circular or elliptical shape of the root region 30 to the airfoil profile of the airfoil region 34. The chord length of the transition region 32 typically increases with increasing distance r from the hub. The airfoil region 34 has an airfoil profile with a chord extending between the leading edge 18 and the trailing edge 20 of the blade 10. The width of the chord decreases with increasing distance r from the hub.
[0093] A shoulder 40 of the blade 10 is defined as the position, where the blade 10 has its largest chord length. The shoulder 40 is typically provided at the boundary between the transition region 32 and the airfoil region 34.
[0094] It should be noted that the chords of different sections of the blade normally do not lie in a common plane, since the blade may be twisted and/or curved (i.e. pre-bent), thus providing the chord plane with a correspondingly twisted and/or curved course, this being most often the case in order to compensate for the local velocity of the blade being dependent on the radius from the hub.
[0095] The wind turbine blade 10 comprises a blade shell comprising two blade shell parts or half shells, a first blade shell part 24 and a second blade shell part 26, typically made of fibre-reinforced polymer. The wind turbine blade 10 may comprise additional shell parts, such as a third shell part and/or a fourth shell part. The first blade shell part 24 is typically a pressure side or upwind blade shell part. The second blade shell part 26 is typically a suction side or downwind blade shell part. The first blade shell part 24 and the second blade shell part 26 are casted or welded together, or fastened together mechanically or chemically by an adhesive, such as glue, along bond lines or glue joints 28 extending along the trailing edge 20 and the leading edge 18 of the blade 10. Typically, the root ends of the blade shell parts 24, 26 has a semi-circular or semi-oval outer cross-sectional shape.
[0096] The wind turbine blade 10 comprises a leading edge protection element 50 on the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade 10. The leading edge protection element extends in a longitudinal direction between an outboard end 52 and an inboard end 54 and extends in a transverse direction between a first transverse end 56 and a second transverse end 58. The leading edge protection element 50 comprises a first section 64 extending from the leading edge 18 and along a part of the pressure side 24 of the wind turbine blade 10 to the first transverse end 56. The leading edge protection element 50 comprises a second section 68 extending from the leading edge 18 and along a part of the suction side 26 of the wind turbine blade 10 to the second transverse end 58.
[0097] The longitudinal direction of the leading edge protection element 50 may be substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade 10. The leading edge protection element L1 may have a length, i.e. the length between the outboard end 52 and the inboard end 54. The length L1 may be smaller than the length of the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade 10, such as illustrated. The length L1 may be 100% of the length of the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade 10. The length L1 of the leading edge protection element may be between 15-30% of the length of the wind turbine blade. The leading edge protection element 50 has an attachment surface 62 and an exterior surface 60. The attachment surface 62 of the leading edge protection element faces the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade. The first transverse end 56 and the second transverse end 58 may extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade 10.
[0098] The leading edge protection element 50 comprise an inboard portion 86 extending in the longitudinal direction from the inboard end 54 to a primary position pp1. The leading edge protection element 50 comprise an outboard portion 84 extending in the longitudinal direction from the outboard end 52 to a secondary position pp2. The primary position pp1 and the secondary position pp2 may be located at the same position longitudinally or spaced apart, as illustrated. The inboard portion 86 of the leading edge protection element 50 may extend between 2-100% of the length L1 of the leading edge protection element 50. The leading edge protection element 50 is arranged such that the inboard portion 86 of the leading edge protection element is proximal the root end 17 of the wind turbine blade and the outboard portion 84 of the leading edge protection element is proximal the tip end 15 of the wind turbine blade. The extent of the outboard portion 84 and the extent of the inboard portion 86 and the ratio between the two portions as shown in
[0099]
[0100] The wind turbine blade 10 may be protected by providing a leading edge protection element 50, such as the leading edge protection element 50 of
[0101] The leading edge protection element 50 has a thickness D1 at a point p3 on the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade 10. The first transverse end 56 and the second transverse end 58 may be chamfered or tapered such that the transition to the airfoil is minimal. For example, an end portion of the first section, e.g. first end portion 72, and/or an end portion of the second section, e.g. second end portion 74 are chamfered. For example, the thickness D1 of the leading edge protection element 50 between the attachment surface 62 and the exterior surface 60 decreases towards the end portions 72, 74. The ratio between the thickness D1 at the end portions 72, 74 and the thickest point of the leading edge protection element 50 may be at least 1:20. The thickness of the end portions 72, 74 may be less than 0.1 mm. The thickness D1 of the leading edge protection element 50 may be constant, such that the ends are not chamfered, as illustrated in
[0102]
[0103] The first end portion 72 and/or the second end portion 74 may be chamfered in the spanwise direction. Although not illustrated as such, an outboard end portion 78 at the outboard end 52 and/or an inboard end portion 80 at the inboard end 54 may be chamfered. The ratio between the thickness D1 at the end portions 78, 80 and the thickest point of the leading edge protection element 50 may be 1:10. The thickness of the end portions 78, 80 may be around 0.30 mm.
[0104]
[0105] The first end portion 72 at the first transverse end 56 and/or the second end portion 74 at the second transverse end 58 may be chamfered or tapered such that the transition from the leading edge protection element 50 to the blade shell parts 24, 26 is reduced.
[0106] The leading edge protection element 50 comprises a first section 64 extending from the leading edge 18 and along a part of the pressure side 24 of the wind turbine blade 10 to a first transverse end 56 at a first position p1. The first section 64 has a first extent 66, in the circumferential direction, from the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade 10 to the first position p1. The leading edge protection element 50 comprises a second section 68 extending from the leading edge 18 and along a part of the suction side 26 of the wind turbine blade 10 to a second transverse end 58 at a second position p2. The second section 58 has a second extent 70, in the circumferential direction, from the leading edge 18 of the wind turbine blade 10 to the second position p2.
[0107] The leading edge protection element 50 may be arranged asymmetrically on the wind turbine blade 10 relative to the leading edge 18. A higher annual energy production may be provided by reducing the drag and increasing the lift of the wind turbine blade by extending the second extent 70 of leading edge protection element 50 on the suction side 26 and thus postponing the transition from laminar to turbulent flow of the boundary layer in flow direction on the suction side 26. Thus, the position p2 is located at a location where a transition from laminar to turbulent flow of the boundary layer provides the optimal lift and drag. This point may be dependent on the type of blade and its geometry.
[0108]
[0109] The first position p1 and the second position p2 are located beyond the boundary of the erosion sensitive area 44. The leading edge protection element 50 may be arranged such that at least the erosion sensitive area 44 on the pressure side 24 is covered by the first extent 66, and such that the remainder of the leading edge protection element 50 is arranged across the suction side 26 and extending to at least the optimal location of where a transition from laminar to turbulent flow of the boundary layer provides the optimal lift and drag.
[0110]
[0111] The location of the first position p1 and second position p2 according to
[0112] The transition between the outboard portion 84 and the inboard portion 86 may be smooth. For example, the second extent 70 at the outboard end 52 of the inboard portion 86 may be the same as the second extent 70 at the inboard end 54 of the outboard portion 84. The first extent 66 at the outboard end 52 of the inboard portion 86 may be the same as the first extent 66 at the inboard end 54 of the outboard portion 84.
[0113] Alternatively, the transition between the outboard portion 84 and the inboard portion 86 may be rounded or be sharp, hard, jagged or jump in discrete intervals. For example, the second extent 70 at the outboard end 52 of the inboard portion 86 may be different than the second extent 70 at the inboard end 54 of the outboard portion 84. The first extent 66 at the outboard end 54 of the inboard portion 86 may be different than the first extent 66 at the inboard end 54 of the outboard portion 84.
[0114]
[0115] The plurality of parts 82 of the leading edge protection element 50 may have a rounded outboard end 52′ and a rounded inboard end 54′ with a minimum radius of around 8 mm. The length D2, e.g. the intermediate area 88, may be covered by butt-straps (not shown), such as adhesive butt-straps. The butt-straps may extend across the intermediate area 88, e.g. having a width corresponding to at least the length D2, and extend over the parts with for example 20 mm.
[0116]
[0117] The leading edge protection element 50, e.g. the outboard portion 84, may be triangular, as illustrated in
[0118] The leading edge protection element 50 may be attached to a blade such that the leading edge line 90 is aligned with the leading edge of the blade and such that the first transverse end 56 extends along the pressure side of the blade. Alternatively, the leading edge protection element may be attached to a blade such that the leading edge line 90 is aligned with the leading edge of the blade and such that the first transverse end 56 extends along the suction side of the blade. The leading edge protection element 50 has a width in the transverse direction between the first transverse end 56 and the second transverse end 58.
[0119] The second extent 70 may be larger than the first extent 66 along at least an inboard portion of the leading edge protection element. The second extent 70 may smaller than the first extent 66 along at least an outboard portion of the leading edge protection element.
[0120]
[0121] The method 200 comprises providing 202 a wind turbine blade, such as the wind turbine blade of the previous figures. The wind turbine blade may be a new wind turbine blade or a wind turbine blade for refurbishing or repair.
[0122] The method 200 comprises providing 204 a leading edge protection element, such as the leading edge protection element of the previous figures.
[0123] The method 200 comprises attaching 206 the leading edge protection element to the wind turbine blade, e.g. such that the leading edge protection element is attached to wind turbine blade as described for the previous figures.
[0124] The method 200 may comprise joining the leading edge protection element and the wind turbine blade by the use of an adhesive, e.g. by applying an adhesive on the attachment surface of the leading edge protection element or on the wind turbine blade.
[0125] The method 200 may comprise attaching 208 the leading edge protection element such that the outboard end of the leading edge protection element is proximate the tip of the wind turbine blade.
LIST OF REFERENCES
[0126] 2 wind turbine [0127] 4 tower [0128] 6 nacelle [0129] 8 hub [0130] 10 blade [0131] 12 blade part [0132] 14 blade tip [0133] 15 tip end [0134] 16 blade root [0135] 17 root end [0136] 18 leading edge [0137] 20 trailing edge [0138] 24 first blade shell part (pressure side) [0139] 26 second blade shell part (suction side) [0140] 28 bond lines/glue joints/fastening joints/welding joints/casting mould split lines [0141] 30 root region [0142] 32 transition region [0143] 34 airfoil region [0144] 40 shoulder [0145] 42 shear web or spar side [0146] 44 erosion sensitive area [0147] 50 leading edge protection element [0148] 52 outboard end [0149] 52′ outboard end of part [0150] 54 inboard end [0151] 54′ inboard end of part [0152] 56 first transverse end [0153] 58 second transverse end [0154] 60 exterior surface [0155] 62 attachment surface [0156] 64 first section [0157] 66 first extent [0158] 68 second section [0159] 70 second extent [0160] 72 first end portion [0161] 74 second end portion [0162] 76 secondary surface [0163] 78 outboard end portion [0164] 80 inboard end portion [0165] 82 leading edge protection element parts [0166] 84 outboard portion [0167] 86 inboard portion [0168] 88 intermediate area [0169] 90 leading edge line [0170] L longitudinal axis [0171] L1 length [0172] W width [0173] p1 first position [0174] p2 second position [0175] p3 third position [0176] pp1 primary position [0177] pp2 secondary position [0178] D1 thickness [0179] D2 longitudinal length [0180] 200 method [0181] 202 providing wind turbine blade [0182] 204 providing leading edge protection element [0183] 206 attaching leading edge protection element [0184] 208 attaching leading edge protection element