Abstract
The present disclosure describes subassemblies and optoelectronic modules in which an optics system, or a spacer laterally surrounding a cover glass, includes a flange which facilitates mechanical attachment of the optics system to the spacer.
Claims
1. A subassembly comprising: a cover glass that is transparent to a particular wavelength or range of wavelengths; one or more passive optical elements disposed in a holder having a base that sits directly on the cover glass; a spacer laterally surrounding and encapsulating an edge of the cover glass; at least one of the holder or the spacer having a flange; and adhesive on the flange that fixes the holder to the spacer.
2. The subassembly of claim 1 wherein the flange includes one or more grooves.
3. The subassembly of claim 1 wherein the flange is contiguous with the holder.
4. The subassembly of claim 3 wherein the flange includes one or more grooves along its edge.
5. The subassembly of claim 1 wherein the holder is a lens barrel, and wherein the one or more passive optical elements include a lens.
6. The subassembly of claim 1 wherein the flange is contiguous with the spacer.
7. The subassembly of claim 6 wherein the flange includes one or more grooves along its edge.
8. The subassembly of claim 1 wherein the flange is composed of a material that is opaque to the particular wavelength or range of wavelengths.
9. The subassembly of claim 1 including a first flange on the holder and a second flange on the spacer, wherein adhesive on the first and second flanges fixes the holder to the spacer.
10. An optoelectronic module comprising: an optoelectronic device operable to generate radiation of a particular wavelength or range of wavelengths, or operable to generate signals in response to sensing radiation of the particular wavelength or range of wavelengths; a cover glass disposed over the optoelectronic device, wherein the cover glass is transparent to the particular wavelength or range of wavelengths; one or more passive optical elements disposed in a holder having a base that sits directly on the cover glass; a spacer laterally surrounding and encapsulating an edge of the cover glass; at least one of the holder or the spacer having a flange; and adhesive on the flange that fixes the holder to the spacer.
11. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein the flange includes one or more grooves.
12. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein the flange is contiguous with the holder.
13. The optoelectronic module of claim 12 wherein the flange includes one or more grooves along its edge.
14. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein the holder is a lens barrel, and wherein the one or more passive optical elements include a lens.
15. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein the flange is contiguous with the spacer.
16. The optoelectronic module of claim 15 wherein the flange includes one or more grooves along its edge.
17. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein the flange is composed of a material that is opaque to the particular wavelength or range of wavelengths.
18. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 including a first flange on the holder and a second flange on the spacer, wherein adhesive on the first and second flanges fixes the holder to the spacer.
19. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein: the optoelectronic device includes an image sensor, the spacer includes a vertical alignment feature that separates the cover glass from the image sensor, and the vertical alignment feature sits directly on the image sensor.
20. The optoelectronic module of claim 10 wherein: the optoelectronic device includes a light emitter on a sub-mount sub-assembly, the spacer includes a vertical alignment feature that separates the cover glass from the light emitter, and the vertical alignment feature sits directly on the sub-mount sub-assembly.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an optoelectronic module.
[0013] FIG. 2A illustrates another example of an optoelectronic module.
[0014] FIG. 2B illustrates further details of a flange in the optoelectronic module of FIG. 2A.
[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates a further example of an optoelectronic module.
[0016] FIG. 4 illustrates yet another example of an optoelectronic module.
[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates another example of an optoelectronic module.
[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates a further example of an optoelectronic module.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The present disclosure describes optoelectronic modules in which a portion of an optics system sits directly on a cover glass (e.g., without intervening adhesive between the optics system and the cover glass). The optics system or a spacer laterally surrounding the cover glass includes a flange where adhesive is provided so as to attach the optics system to the spacer, thereby providing mechanical stability and a light-tight seal. In some instances, both the optics system and the spacer include such a flange.
[0020] As shown in FIG. 1, an optoelectronic module 20 includes an optics system that comprises one or more passive optical elements (e.g., lenses) 22 disposed in a cylindrical holder (e.g., a lens barrel) 24. The base 26 of the lens barrel 24 sits directly on a cover glass 28 (e.g., without any intervening adhesive). Thus, the base 26 of the lens barrel 24 is in direct contact with the cover glass 28. The cover glass 28 is substantially transparent at least to a particular wavelength or range of wavelengths of radiation. In some cases, the cover glass 28 includes one or more optical filter layers, such as an infra-red (IR)-cut filter layer. Thus, in some cases, the base 26 of the lens barrel 24 sits directly on an optical filter layer of the cover glass 28.
[0021] A spacer 30 laterally surrounds and encapsulates the circumferential edge of the cover glass 28. The spacer 30 also establishes a specified distance between the cover glass 28 and an active optoelectronic device such as an image sensor 32 disposed at the side of the cover glass 28 opposite that of the optical system 22, 24. The combination of the optical system 22, 24, the spacer 30 and the cover glass 28 form a subassembly that can be attached over the image sensor 32.
[0022] As shown in FIG. 1, vertical alignment features 34 of the spacer 30 project from the cover glass 28 and sit directly on the surface of the image sensor 32 (e.g., without any intervening adhesive). The image sensor 32, which includes active photosensitive regions (e.g., pixels) operable to generate signals in response to sensing received radiation (e.g., infra-red or visible light), can be mounted on a substrate such as a printed circuit board (PCB) 35. The spacer 30 can be fixed to the PCB 35, for example, by adhesive 36.
[0023] As further shown in FIG. 1, the lens barrel 24 has an annular flange 38 that laterally encircles the lens barrel 24 around its outer circumference. The flange 38 can be formed as a single piece such that it is contiguous with the lens barrel 24. In other cases, the flange 38 can be a separate piece that is attached to the lens barrel 24. To secure the lens barrel 24 in place, adhesive 40 is provided between the flange 38 and the upper portion 42 of the spacer 30. Once the adhesive 40 is cured, it fixes the lens barrel 24 to the spacer 30 that surrounds the cover glass 28. A mechanical connection is thus provided between the lens barrel 24 and the cover glass 28. This arrangement, in some instances, can provide various advantages. For example, even if changes in temperature cause the lens barrel 24 and/or lenses 22 to expand differently from the cover glass 28, thermal stresses can be reduced, thereby reducing the likelihood of a mechanical failure such as delamination or cracking of adhesive. Further, as the base 26 of the lens barrel 24 sits directly on a cover glass 28, the distance between the optical elements 22 and the cover glass 28 can be controlled more precisely.
[0024] The lens barrel 24, flange 38 and spacer 30 can be composed, respectively, of materials that are substantially opaque (i.e., non-transparent) to wavelengths of light detectable by the image sensor 32. Examples of such materials include a flowable polymer material (e.g., epoxy, acrylate, polyurethane, or silicone) containing a non-transparent filler (e.g., carbon black, a pigment, an inorganic filler, or a dye). In such situations, the configuration of FIG. 1 can help provide a light-tight seal to prevent stray light from entering the sides of the module 20 and passing through the cover glass 28 to the image sensor 32. Further, the lens barrel 24, the lenses 22, the flange 38 and/or the spacer 30 can be composed, respectively, of materials having similar coefficients of expansion. Such configurations also can help reduce mechanical stresses that could lead to mechanical failure. In some implementations, the lens barrel 24, the lenses, 22 the flange 38 and/or the spacer 30 can be formed by vacuum or injection molding processes. In some implementations, the flange encircling the lens barrel 24 can be modified to help prevent unintended bonding of the lens barrel 24 and the cover glass 28 that might otherwise result from adhesive 40 flowing onto the cover glass in an area adjacent the base 26 of the lens barrel 24. Thus, for example, as shown in the module 46 FIGS. 2A and 2B, the 38A flange includes one or more grooves 44 along its outer circumference. In some cases, the grooves 44 can help wick away excess adhesive so that the adhesive does not flow too close to the cover glass 28. Such a configuration can be particularly advantageous, for example, where the uncured adhesive has low viscosity. The grooves 44 also can help enhance the mechanical connection between the lens barrel 24 and the spacer 30. For example, the greater surface area provided by the groove(s) 44 can result in a stronger bond between the lens barrel 24 and the spacer 30.
[0025] In some implementations, instead of providing a flange 38 on the lens barrel or other holder 24 for the passive optical elements 22, an annular flange can be provided on an inner-facing surface at the upper portion 42 of the spacer 30. An example is illustrated in FIG. 3, which shows a module 48 that has a spacer 30 whose upper portion 42 includes a flange 38B on its inner surface facing the lens barrel 24. The flange 38B can be formed as a single piece that is of the same material as, and is contiguous with, the spacer 30. In other cases, the flange 3B can be a separate piece that is attached to the spacer 30.
[0026] Some implementations, such as the module 50 of FIG. 4, include two flanges, a first flange 38A around the outer circumference of the lens barrel 24 and a second flange 38B at the inner surface of the spacer 30 facing the lens barrel 24. The two flanges 38A, 38B can be positioned near one another so that the adhesive 40 can be applied, for example, by jetting with a needle in the vicinity of both flanges. As in the other implementations, the adhesive can be cured (e.g., by UV radiation or thermally) so that the lens barrel 24 is fixed in place over the cover glass 28. One or both of the flanges 38A, 38B can have one or more grooves as described in connection with FIG. 2B.
[0027] In some cases, the lens barrel 24 can have a flange whose shape mirrors the shape of upper portion of the spacer 30. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a module 52 in which the lens barrel 24 has a flange 38C that is rounded so as to correspond to the opposing surface at the upper portion 42 of the spacer 30. Thus, in some instances, the flange can be shaped as an annular ring that fits within an annular indentation in the upper surface of the spacer.
[0028] Although the foregoing examples illustrate modules that include an image sensor, similar techniques can be used for modules that include other types of active optoelectronic devices such as light emitters. Thus, each of the modules illustrated above can be modified by replacing the image sensor 32 with a light emitter, such as a light emitting diode (LED), an infra-red (IR) LED, an organic LED (OLED), an infra-red (IR) laser, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL)), or an array of any of the foregoing light emitters (e.g., an array of VCSELs). FIG. 6 shows an example of a light emitting module 54 that includes a light emitter 56 mounted on a sub-mount sub-assembly. The sub-mount assembly can include, for example, a metal (e.g., copper) trace 58 on a sub-mount 60. The vertical alignment features 34 of the spacer 30 can sit directly (e.g., without any intervening adhesive) on the sub-mount assembly (e.g., the emitter-side of the metal trace 58). The spacer 30 also can be fixed to the sub-mount 60 by adhesive 62.
[0029] As previously described with respect to the image sensor modules, the light emitter module 54 includes a cover glass 28 having a circumferential edge that is laterally surrounded and encapsulated by the spacer 30. The spacer 30 also can establish a specified distance between the cover glass 28 and the light emitter 56.
[0030] As further illustrated in FIG. 6, the module 54 also includes an optics system that comprises one or more passive optical elements (e.g., lenses) 22 disposed, for example, in a cylindrical holder (e.g., a lens barrel) 24. The base 26 of the lens barrel 24 sits directly on the cover glass 28 (e.g., without any intervening adhesive). Thus, the base 26 of the lens barrel 24 is in direct contact with the cover glass 28. The cover glass 28 is substantially transparent at least to a particular wavelength or range of wavelengths of radiation (e.g., IR) that the light emitter 56 is operable to generate. As in the image sensor modules, the combination of the optical system 22, 24, the spacer 30 and the cover glass 28 of the light emitter module 54 form a subassembly that can be attached over the image sensor 32.
[0031] In some implementations, a light emitter module includes an optics system and spacer as described in connection with any of FIGS. 1, 2A-2B, 3 or 4. Thus, in various implementations, a light emitter module can include, for example, a flange that is contiguous with the holder 24 for the passive optical elements 22 or that is contiguous with the spacer 30. In some cases, the light emitter may include a first flange on the holder 24 and a second flange on the spacer 30, as described above. In some instances, the flange includes one or more grooves along its edge and can be composed of a material that is opaque to the particular wavelength or range of wavelengths emitted by the light emitter 56.
[0032] Other implementations are within the scope of the claims.
