Abstract
A filter element for filtering fluid has a fold pack formed of a filter medium folded in a zigzag shape or corrugated shape and provided with fold sections delimited by fold edges. The fold sections include at least two directly neighboring fold sections connected to each other by an adhesive connection of an adhesive material and extending along an adhesive line. The adhesive line extends at least in sections obliquely to the fold edge positioned between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections or the adhesive line extends offset along the fold edge positioned between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections. A filter element with one or more adhesive walls of an adhesive material extending within the fold pack and formed by adhesive connections of directly neighboring fold sections of the fold pack is provided. A method for producing such filter elements is provided.
Claims
1. A filter element for filtering a fluid, the filter element comprising: a fold pack formed of a filter medium folded in a zigzag shape and/or in a corrugated shape and comprising fold sections delimited by fold edges; wherein the fold sections include at least two directly neighboring fold sections connected to each other by an adhesive connection comprised of an adhesive material and extending along an adhesive line; wherein the adhesive line extends at least in sections obliquely to the fold edge positioned between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections or the adhesive line extends offset along the fold edge positioned between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections.
2. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material is arranged at the at least two directly neighboring fold sections exclusively at an inflow side of the filter element or at an outflow side of the filter element.
3. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material is applied continuously along the adhesive line between two of the fold edges delimiting at least one of the two directly neighboring fold sections.
4. The filter element according claim 1, wherein the at least two directly neighboring fold sections are positioned opposite each other and wherein portions of the adhesive line located at the at least two directly neighboring fold sections are positioned congruently opposite each other.
5. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive connection is formed of two adhesive material applications joined to each other, wherein the two adhesive material applications adhere to the at least two directly neighboring fold sections, wherein the at least two directly neighboring fold sections are positioned opposite each other.
6. The filter element according to claim 5, wherein portions of the adhesive line of the at least two directly neighboring fold sections positioned opposite each other are obliquely positioned relative to each other such that the two adhesive material applications joined to each other are joined across an entire course of the portions of the adhesive line at or on the at least two directly neighboring fold sections positioned opposite each other.
7. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive material is attached to outwardly facing ones of the fold edges and between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections.
8. The filter element according to claim 1, comprising two or more of said adhesive connection, wherein the respective adhesive lines of the two or more adhesive connections are spaced apart from each other and each extend at least in sections obliquely to the fold edge positioned between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections or extend offset along the fold edge positioned between the at least two directly neighboring fold sections.
9. The filter element according to claim 8, wherein a spacing between the respective adhesive lines which are neighboring each other measured along the fold edges changes between different ones of the fold edges.
10. The filter element according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive connection extends across a plurality of the at least two directly neighboring fold sections connected to each other by the adhesive material and across a plurality of the fold edges, and wherein the adhesive connection forms an adhesive wall in the fold pack.
11. A filter element for filtering a fluid, the filter element comprising: a fold pack comprising an inflow side and an outflow side; the fold pack comprising a filter medium folded in a zigzag shape; the fold pack comprising a height measured between the inflow side and the outflow side; one or more adhesive walls comprised of an adhesive material extending within the fold pack and formed by adhesive connections of directly neighboring fold sections of the fold pack.
12. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the filter element has a width along fold edges of the fold pack, a length extending transversely to the width, and a height, wherein the one or more adhesive walls divide the fold pack in regard to the width into fold pack sections.
13. The filter element according to claim 12, wherein the one or more adhesive walls extend at a slant and/or curved in a direction of the height of the filter element.
14. The filter element according to claim 12, wherein the one or more adhesive walls extend at a slant and/or curved in a direction of the length.
15. The filter element according to claim 12, wherein a height of the one or more adhesive walls at least in sections is less than the height of the filter element.
16. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls extend between the inflow side and fold edges of the outflow side or the one or more adhesive walls extend between the outflow side and fold edges of the inflow side.
17. The filter element according to claim 16, wherein the one or more adhesive walls connect the inflow side and the outflow side to each other.
18. The filter element according to claim 16, wherein the one or more adhesive walls comprise an inflow side edge and an outflow side edge, wherein the inflow side edge delimits a width of an inflow surface of the filter element, and wherein the outflow side edge delimits a width of an outflow surface of the filter element.
19. The filter element according to claim 18, wherein the inflow surface of the filter element has a different size and/or a different geometry than the outflow surface of the filter element.
20. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls form a flow guiding element in the interior of the fold pack.
21. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls separate a clean fluid region of the filter element from a raw fluid region of the filter element.
22. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls are positioned at least in sections along the height at an angle between 5° and close to 90° relative to a surface normal of the inflow side or of the outflow side.
23. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls are interrupted along a length of the filter element and/or spaced apart from an end face of the filter element.
24. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls have a closed shape in the fold pack.
25. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the one or more adhesive walls laterally seal the fold pack fluid-tightly.
26. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the adhesive walls intersect or contact each other.
27. The filter element according to claim 26, wherein the width of the fold pack is divided uniformly along a length of the filter element by spacings between the adhesive walls and spacings between the adhesive walls and sides of the filter element.
28. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the fold pack is bent to a cylinder-shaped endless folded bellows.
29. The filter element according to claim 11, wherein the adhesive material is selected from the group consisting of solvent-containing wet adhesives, contact adhesives, dispersion adhesives, hot melt adhesives, plastisols, polyaddition adhesives, polycondensation adhesives, polymerization adhesives, and dry-bond adhesives.
30. A method for producing a filter element, the method comprising: providing a flat filter medium; (applying a viscous adhesive material along a predetermined adhesive line;) applying a viscous adhesive material along one or more adhesive lines; folding the filter medium along predetermined fold lines delimiting neighboring fold sections to form fold edges present between the fold sections; curing the viscous adhesive material to form an adhesive connection between respective neighboring fold sections; (wherein the viscous adhesive material is applied onto the adhesive line such that the adhesive line at least in sections extends obliquely to or offset along the fold lines positioned between the respective neighboring fold sections.) predetermining the one or more adhesive lines such that the one or more adhesive lines at least in sections extend obliquely to or offset along the fold lines positioned between the respective neighboring fold sections.
31. The method according to claim 30, applying the viscous adhesive material in a flowable state.
32. The method according to claim 30, applying the viscous adhesive material through an application nozzle moveable along the fold lines.
33. The method according to claim 30, applying the viscous adhesive material by continuous extrusion through an application nozzle moveable along the fold lines.
34. The method according to 30, applying the viscous adhesive material by interrupting an adhesive application at least in sections along the adhesive line.
35. The method according to claim 30, applying the viscous adhesive material simultaneously along the adhesive lines.
Description
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0101] FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a first embodiment of a filter element.
[0102] FIG. 2 shows a perspective illustration of a suitable fold pack for the filter element according to FIG. 1.
[0103] FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of a filter assembly with a filter housing and an embodiment of a filter element.
[0104] FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a motor vehicle with a filter assembly according to FIG. 3.
[0105] FIG. 5 shows a detail of the fold pack used in the filter element according to FIG. 1 in a perspective illustration with an adhesive wall.
[0106] FIG. 6 shows a section AA along the adhesive wall illustrated in FIG. 5 in perspective view.
[0107] FIG. 7 shows a detail of an unfolded filter medium with different adhesive lines.
[0108] FIG. 8 shows a detail view of the filter medium according to FIG. 7.
[0109] FIG. 9 shows method steps of an embodiment of a production method for a filter element.
[0110] FIG. 10 shows a schematic illustration of a device for performing the production method according to FIG. 9.
[0111] FIG. 11A shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a filter element with adhesive walls extending through the filter element and trapezoidal outline.
[0112] FIG. 11B shows a plan view of the filter element according to FIG. 11A.
[0113] FIG. 11C shows a plan view of the unfolded filter medium for the filter element according to FIG. 11A.
[0114] FIGS. 12A-12C show a perspective view and a plan view of a third embodiment of a filter element with an irregular outline and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0115] FIGS. 13A-13C show a perspective view and a plan view of a fourth embodiment of a filter element with adhesive walls crossing each other or contacting each other and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0116] FIGS. 14A-14C show a perspective view and a plan view of a fifth embodiment of a filter element with curved adhesive walls intersecting each other and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0117] FIGS. 15A-15C show a perspective view and a plan view of a sixth embodiment of a filter element with adhesive walls slanted along the height and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0118] FIGS. 16A-16C show a perspective view and a plan view of a seventh embodiment of a filter element with an adhesive wall twisting along the length of the filter element and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0119] FIGS. 17A-17C show a perspective view and a plan view of an eighth embodiment of a filter element with laterally closing adhesive walls along slanted sides of the filter element and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0120] FIGS. 18A-18C show a perspective view and a plan view of a ninth embodiment of a filter element with lateral adhesive walls along slanted sides of the filter element with a tapering cross section along the length and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0121] FIGS. 19A-19C show a perspective view and a plan view of a tenth embodiment of a filter element as round filter element with a spirally extending adhesive wall and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0122] FIGS. 20A-20C show a perspective view and a plan view of an eleventh embodiment of a filter element as round filter element with spirally extending adhesive walls intersecting each other and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0123] FIGS. 21A-21C show a perspective view and a plan view of a twelfth embodiment of a filter element as round filter element with spirally extending adhesive walls intersecting each other and the associated unfolded filter medium.
[0124] In the Figures, same or functionally the same elements, if nothing to the contrary is indicated, are provided with the same reference characters.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0125] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a filter element 1. The filter element 1 contains a flat filter medium 9 which is folded to a fold pack 2 and is framed by lateral and head strips 11, 12, 13, 14. The fold pack 2 is illustrated without frame 7 in FIG. 2. The lateral strips 11, 12 illustrated in FIG. 1 are connected to the fold end face edges or the outer fold profiles 19, 20, and the head strips 13, 14 to the end folds 17, 18, in particular by fusing, welding or gluing. The lateral strips 11, 12 as well as the head strips 13, 14 can form the frame 7 as one part or as a multi-part configuration. The lateral strips 11, 12 as well as the head strips 13, 14 can be produced, for example, of an in particular flexible fiber material or in particular as stiff injection-molded plastic parts and form a circumferentially extending frame 7. As an alternative or in addition, such a frame 7 can also be produced by injection-molding onto the filter medium 9.
[0126] An adhesive wall 3 extends at a spacing from the lateral strips between the head strips 13, 14 obliquely through the fold pack 2. The adhesive wall 3 divides the fold pack 2 and reinforces it in its folded form. The adhesive wall 3 is formed by respective neighboring fold sections connected to each other and extends obliquely to a machine running direction M which is indicated in FIG. 2. The adhesive connections between fold sections is realized also obliquely relative to the fold edges 16. The adhesive connection resulting by means of adhesive material along an adhesive line on the surface of the filter medium 9 serves for stabilizing the fold pack and can be understood as an internal support element.
[0127] FIG. 2 shows a filter medium 9 folded as a fold pack 2 which can be used in the filter element according to FIG. 1. The adhesive connection of directly neighboring fold sections for forming the stabilizing adhesive wall is not illustrated in FIG. 2. The filter medium 9 is folded in a zigzag shape to the fold pack 2 and has a plurality of parallel folds 15 which extend transversely to a machine running direction M. When producing the folds 15, the flat filter medium 9 is compressed in the machine running direction M so that the folds 15 are erected. The folded filter medium 9 is also referred to as pleating. The folds 15 can be produced by means of folding along sharp fold edges 16 (also referred to as fold tips) but also by a corrugated configuration of the filter medium 9. A respective fold 15 is defined by two directly neighboring fold sections 22 which are connected to each other by a corresponding fold edge 16. The neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B adjoin each other by a common fold edge 16C. Along the machine running direction M, the orientations of the folds 15 alternate for forming the zigzag-shaped pleating. The fold distance between neighboring fold edges of the same orientation is indicated by a1, a2.
[0128] Laterally, one can see the zigzag-shaped fold profile 19, 20 which delimits the fold pack 2 laterally. The end faces are formed by end fold sections 17, 18. The fold pack 2 encloses in this context a cuboid volume with a rectangular base surface of the length l along the machine running direction M, or transverse to the fold extension, and a width b along the fold edges 16. The fold pack 2 has moreover the height h which results from the fold height and the angle of the folds. In the orientation of FIG. 2, the fluid to be filtered, in particular internal combustion air, flows from the bottom to the top of the fold pack 2. The folded filter medium 9 separates in this context the raw fluid region RO from the clean fluid region RE.
[0129] FIG. 3 shows schematically a filter assembly 6 in which a filter element according to FIG. 1 is received in a housing 10. The air to be filtered flows in this context from the raw side RO of the filter element 1 toward the clean side RE thereof (arrows L). In order to ensure a satisfactory lateral sealing action between the raw and the clean side RO, RE, a seal 9A can be provided between the filter element 1 and the filter housing 10. This seal 9A is formed, for example, as a foamed-on PUR seal.
[0130] FIG. 4 shows a motor vehicle 4 with a corresponding filter assembly 6 for filtering combustion air. In this context, an intake device takes in external air 5 and supplies it to the filter assembly 6. The filtered clean air 8 is then further conducted to the combustion engine of the vehicle.
[0131] In particular when using the filter element 1 in a filter assembly 6 for filtering combustion air of a motor vehicle, the filter element 1 is exposed to a high pressure difference between the raw and the clean air side RO, RE. In particular at the center of the inflow surface, forces which can deform the folds and therefore impair the filter properties are acting on the filter element 1 due to the pressure drop between the raw and clean side RO, RE. In order to reinforce the fold pack 1 in the interior and to support the folds when under load in operation, adhesive connections between neighboring fold sections along the machine running direction are provided, as indicated in FIG. 1 as adhesive wall 3. The adhesive wall 3 furthermore acts as spacer for oppositely positioned fold sections. Moreover, further outer support elements, such as stabilization grids or rigid comb structures engaging in the folds, can be provided at the filter element 1.
[0132] In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an adhesive connection of neighboring fold sections and fold edges with an adhesive material is now provided. This is explained in more detail in FIGS. 5-8. The adhesive material in this context is a hot glue that is applied along an adhesive line in liquid or pasty form prior to folding the filter medium 9.
[0133] In FIG. 5, a detail of the fold pack 2 of the first embodiment of the filter element according to FIG. 1 is illustrated. An adhesive wall 3 of cured adhesive material 24 and of regions of the filter medium 9 which are coated with the adhesive material 24 extends through the interior of the fold pack 2. The coated regions follow an adhesive line 21 on the filter medium 9. An exemplary flow direction F is indicated so that in the orientation of FIG. 5 a bottom inflow side 2A and a top outflow side 2B of the fold pack 2 are provided.
[0134] A section view AA of the fold pack 2 along the adhesive wall 3 is shown in FIG. 6. The adhesive wall 3 extends respectively completely between neighboring fold sections 22 separated from each other by a fold edge 16 and connects them as adhesive connection 23. The adhesive wall 3 follows the fold shape and holds the folds in their cross section shape. The height of the adhesive wall 3 illustrated in FIG. 6 corresponds to the fold height, wherein a portion of the adhesive wall 3 in addition projects past the upper fold edges 16′. The adhesive wall 3 extends across several neighboring folds of two fold sections 22 and a fold edge 16, respectively.
[0135] The adhesive connection 23 is achieved by contacting at least one adhesive application on the neighboring fold sections along an adhesive line. Due to a folding process along the bottom fold line for forming the fold edge 16A, the oppositely positioned sides of the at least one adhesive application are joined and a fixed connection is produced along the boundary surface 23A, as indicated in FIG. 6 to the right.
[0136] For explaining the course of the adhesive connections 23 in the fold pack 2, FIGS. 7 and 8 show adhesive lines along which the adhesive application 26 and, as a result, the adhesive connection 23 is realized, as well as fold lines which define as a result the fold edges 16 on the surface of the filter medium 9.
[0137] In FIG. 7, a filter medium 9 that has been unfolded is therefore illustrated. On the filter medium 9, fold lines which are illustrated as dashed 16A and dotted lines 16B, 16C extend between the fold sections of which only a selection is provided with reference characters 22. Two neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B are separated from each other by a fold edge 16A. In addition, the neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B are delimited by the two fold edges 16B, 16C adjoining the fold sections 22A, 22B.
[0138] Furthermore, FIG. 7 shows three exemplary adhesive lines 21A, 21B, 21C. Along the adhesive line, the respective neighboring fold sections are connected to each other by the adhesive material applied thereon so that an adhesive wall is formed.
[0139] The adhesive line 21A extends obliquely to the fold edges and obliquely to the machine running direction M across a limited number of fold sections 22. In the folded state, this results in an adhesive wall which extends at a slant to the machine running direction and extends across the entire height but not across the entire length of the fold pack.
[0140] The adhesive line 21B extends in a corrugated shape across all of the fold sections 22 illustrated in FIG. 7. The adhesive line 21B extends mirror-symmetrically for neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B, respectively, in relation to the fold line 16A separating them. In this way, the adhesive traces applied to the adhesive line 21B are brought into congruent position and form an adhesive wall which extends across the length of a plurality of neighboring fold sections.
[0141] The adhesive line 21C extends in a zigzag shape and is embodied mirror-symmetrically in respective neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B in relation to the fold line 16A separating them. In this way, a precise reliable adhesive connection is achieved. The adhesive line 21C is moreover interrupted at two locations 25 in the region of fold lines.
[0142] The adhesive lines 21A, 21B, 21C extend in sections obliquely to a respective fold edge 16A, wherein the fold edge 16A is positioned between the respective neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B. FIG. 8 illustrates the corresponding adhesive application on the respective adhesive line. Fold sections 22A—22D that are delimited by fold lines 16A—16D are illustrated enlarged. In this context, the application of the adhesive material is indicated to the right of the fold line 16B with crosshatching along the respective adhesive line. To the left of the fold line 16B, the respective adhesive line is shown without adhesive application. The adhesive line 21C corresponds to that shown in FIG. 7 and extends in a zigzag shape along the machine running direction. Adhesive material 26C, 26D is applied onto the fold sections 22C and 22D and is congruently joined for adhesive connection.
[0143] As an alternative or in addition, an adhesive line extends offset in sections along the fold edge 16A which is positioned between the neighboring fold sections 22A, 22B. The sections of the adhesive line 21D which are applied onto different fold sections have an offset in direction of the fold lines relative to each other that is identified by a. The resulting adhesive connection then is displaced from fold edge 16B to fold edge 16D by the offset a. This results in a resulting adhesive wall obliquely extending relative to the longitudinal direction of the fold pack.
[0144] A further embodiment is shown by the adhesive line 21E whose course across a plurality of fold lines extends at a slant to the machine running direction so that in the folded filter pack along the length l a curved adhesive wall is formed whose adhesive beads arranged at neighboring fold sections are not, or only partially, congruently positioned.
[0145] In the following, a method for producing a filter element, as illustrated in FIG. 1, for example, is described with the aid of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10. FIG. 9 shows a sequence of possible method steps, and FIG. 10 illustrates schematically a device for performing the production method.
[0146] In a first step S1, the flat filter medium 9 is provided. The filter medium for this purpose is supplied, for example, as roll material to a conveying device. For this purpose, an endless filter medium as it is illustrated in FIG. 10 can be first compressed flat and/or pre-embossed by rollers 30 and conveyed along the machine running direction M.
[0147] In a step S2, the adhesive material 24 is applied along predetermined adhesive lines onto the filter medium 9. The adhesive lines extend obliquely with respect to the machine running direction M and in relation to the folds to be produced, as indicated in FIGS. 7 and 8, for example. The adhesive material is embodied as a hot glue in the described embodiment and is applied as an adhesive thread onto the conveyed filter medium by means of a dispenser 31 with an application nozzle movable transversely to the machine running direction M. The application nozzles enable, for example, a fast on/off switching of the adhesive application. The use of a plurality of adhesive nozzles parallel to each other is conceivable, wherein the melted hot glue is applied simultaneously along different adhesive lines. The application can be automatically realized by means of a program control. The respective application quantity is metered such that adhesive threads exiting from the application nozzle have a respective desired thickness. When using a plurality of nozzles, they can undercut each other so that overlapping adhesive traces are possible.
[0148] In a further step S3, the filter medium 9 with applied adhesive material traces is folded by a folding device 32. The fold lines 16 can be pre-embossed in this context. Due to folding, the applied and not yet cured adhesive traces are joined at oppositely positioned fold sections in order to form an adhesive connection. The shape and structure of the fold pack is thereby produced.
[0149] Subsequently, the adhesive material present in the folded filter medium 9 is cured in step S4. This can be done by cooling the hot glue, for example, by means of a fan 33.
[0150] By means of a cutting device 34, the fold packs stabilized by the adhesive walls are cut to the required shape needed for the respective application. In addition, for further stabilization, lateral strips, head strips and/or seal frames can be attached to the fold pack.
[0151] In the following, further embodiments of filter elements for air filters with different geometries and courses of the adhesive walls as inner support elements will be explained. In this context, repeating elements will only be explained when first mentioned and the respective reference character is used thereafter.
[0152] FIG. 11A shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a filter element 1. In FIG. 11B, a plan view of the filter element 1 illustrated in FIG. 11A is shown. The filter element 1 comprises a circumferentially extending polyurethane foam seal for attachment and sealing between raw and clean material side. In the region of the outer fold profiles (19, 20) of the folds, the sealing action is realized between raw and clean air region by a fluid-tight adhesive wall which is not illustrated. Two adhesive walls 3 extend through the filter element 1 illustrated in FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B in direction of the length l of the filter element 1. The adhesive walls 3 divide the fold pack 2 uniformly in regard to the width b in three fold pack sections 27 across the course of the length l. Beginning at a leading end fold 17, the adhesive wall 3 extends in this context toward an oppositely positioned rearward end fold 18 of the fold pack 2. The two adhesive walls 3 extend obliquely relative to the sequentially arranged fold edges 16. This is illustrated in FIG. 11C. FIG. 11C shows the unfolded filter medium 9. The fold lines 29 predetermine the course of the fold edges 16 of which in FIG. 11A only a selection is explicitly illustrated. The course of the two adhesive lines 21A, 21B is oblique to the fold lines 29. In addition, a cutting line 28 is illustrated in FIG. 11C. Along this line, the glued fold pack 2 is separated in order to obtain the trapezoidal outline.
[0153] In FIG. 12A, a perspective view of a third embodiment of a filter element 1 is illustrated. The region XII marked by dashed lines in the plan view of FIG. 12B is shown enlarged as a detail view in FIG. 12 C as a detail of the unfolded filter medium. In this embodiment of the filter element 1, the adhesive wall 3 extends in the direction of the length l of the filter element 1 in a curved shape and/or at a slant. In this way, the adhesive wall 3 can adapt to the predetermined curved outer contour of the fold pack 2. The fold pack 2 is divided into fold pack sections 27 of the same width and suitable for stabilizing the fold pack. Preferably, the adhesive wall extends precisely at the center between the sides of the fold pack 2.
[0154] In FIG. 13, a fourth embodiment of a filter element 1 is illustrated. One can see in the plan view of FIG. 13B that the adhesive walls 3 cross each other and form a grid within the fold pack across its entire height and are fluid-tightly embodied. FIG. 13 C shows a detail view of the detail XIII marked in FIG. 13B. The segments which are formed of the regions 27 enclosed by the adhesive walls 3 can be provided with targeted inflow by a corresponding housing with inlet and outlet.
[0155] In FIG. 14, a fifth embodiment of a filter element 1 is illustrated in which the two adhesive walls extend in a sine shape along the length of the filter element 1. FIG. 14C shows a detail view of the detail XIV marked in FIG. 14B. Both adhesive walls 3 are spaced apart from the lateral rims of the filter element 1 and stabilize the fold pack particularly at the center along the longitudinal axis.
[0156] In FIG. 15, a sixth embodiment of a filter element 1 is illustrated. In this embodiment, two adhesive walls 3 extending parallel to each other are illustrated. The adhesive walls 3 extend adjacent to each other in direction of the length l of the fold pack 2. In this context, the adhesive walls 3 are slanted relative to the direction of height h of the fold pack 2. The adhesive walls 3 connect in this context the inflow side 2A to the outflow side 2B of the filter element 1. Due to the slant, a (re)direction of flow upon flow of the air between inflow side to the outflow side can be created. In this way, defined flow profiles in the inflow or outflow surface can be achieved. The two adhesive walls 3 are positioned in relation to a surface normal N of the outflow side 2B (and the inflow side 2A) at an angle α of approximately 45°. The inner regions I, II, and III delimited by the adhesive walls 3 have different flow properties. The cross section surface for flow therethrough is constant for the region II while the flow cross section of the region I increases. The flow cross section of the region III is reduced for flow therethrough. This has the result that in the region I the flow rate along the height from the inflow side 2A to the outflow side 2B decreases and increases in the region III. Due to the adhesive walls 3 which function as inner flow guiding elements, a flow distribution which is adapted to the respective installation situation can be adjusted within the filter element 1.
[0157] In an alternative embodiment, not illustrated, the adhesive walls 3 can be positioned relative to a surface normal N of the outflow side 2B (and the inflow side 2A) at angles α with opposite slant, for example, 45° and 315° (“−45°”).
[0158] The angle α of the adhesive walls 3 can be embodied so as to vary in the direction of the length l of the fold pack 2. The adhesive walls 3 can extend at a slant, i.e., non-parallel, to each other and at a slant to the outer rim of the fold pack 2.
[0159] In FIG. 16, a seventh embodiment of a filter element 1 is illustrated. An adhesive wall 3 extending along the longitudinal direction is twisted and changes thus the slant relative to the height direction. The adhesive wall 3 therefore provides an inner reinforcement of the fold pack and enables at the same time a flow guiding action.
[0160] The eighth embodiment of a filter element 1 illustrated in FIG. 17 comprises two adhesive walls 3 extending at a slant. The adhesive walls 3 are obliquely arranged relative to the height h of the fold pack and oppositely slanted. The adhesive walls 3 form the fluid-tight sidewalls of the filter element 1. The adhesive walls laterally seal the filter element 1 fluid-tightly. Moreover, cutting lines 28 are indicated which extend parallel to the adhesive lines 21 and are slightly offset laterally outwardly.
[0161] The ninth embodiment of the filter element 1 illustrated in FIG. 18 mostly corresponds to the seventh embodiment. In addition, the width of the filter element 1 changes along the longitudinal direction. In the orientation of FIG. 18, the passage of fluid is realized from the bottom to the top so that the inflow side 2A is located at the bottom and the outflow side 2B at the top. The inflow surface A1 and the outflow surface A2 are delimited by means of the adhesive walls 3 or their edges 3A, 3B. One can see that the inflow surface A1 is smaller than the outflow surface A2. Due to the cross-section surface increasing in flow direction, the flow rate of the fluid to be filtered is reduced.
[0162] This embodiment enables an improved utilization of the installation space in such a way that a filter surface as large as possible can be obtained in a given installation space.
[0163] In the further embodiments, cylinder-shaped filter elements 1 are implemented. In this context, the fold pack 2 is bent to a cylinder-shaped endless folded bellows. For this purpose, the end fold sections 17, 18 are connected to each other air-tightly for forming a round filter element. The respective adhesive walls 3 extend then radially between inner fold edges and outer fold edges.
[0164] In FIG. 19A—FIG. 19C, a tenth embodiment is illustrated in which an adhesive wall 3 extends spirally along the height h of the cylinder-shaped filter element 1. Due to the continuous adhesive wall 3, a stabilization relative to forces radially and axially acting on the filter element 1 is provided.
[0165] In FIGS. 20A-20C, an eleventh embodiment is illustrated in which two adhesive walls 3 extend spirally along the height of the cylinder-shaped filter element 1. The adhesive walls 3 extend in this context in opposite circumferential direction relative to each other and intersect each other. This is illustrated by the adhesive lines 21 shown in FIG. 20C which indicate the course of the adhesive walls in the detail XX marked in FIG. 20B.
[0166] In FIG. 21A—FIG. 21C, a twelfth embodiment is illustrated in which four adhesive walls 3 extend spirally along the height of the cylinder-shaped filter element 1. Beginning at a common fold edge 16A, 16B, two adhesive walls 3 each extend in opposite circumferential direction relative to each other. The adhesive walls 3 extend across the height of the cylinder-shaped filter element 1. The course of the adhesive walls 3 is illustrated by the adhesive lines 21 illustrated in FIG. 21C. In this context, the course of the adhesive walls 3 is shown limited to the detail XXI marked in FIG. 21B.
[0167] The proposed adhesive connections of fold sections in the interior of the respective filter element permit a stabilization of the individual folds and of the entire fold pack or folded bellows which is adapted to the respective installation and flow situation. At the same time, an inner flow guiding action can be changed due to the flexible use of adhesive walls. As a whole, an improved filter performance in the respective application situation can be achieved.
