Treatment installation and method for treating workpieces

Abstract

In order to provide a treatment installation for treating workpieces that is of simple construction and enables optimised workpiece treatment, it is proposed that the treatment installation should include a treatment chamber and a conveying device, by means of which the workpieces are suppliable to the treatment chamber, are removable from the treatment chamber, and/or are conveyable through the treatment chamber in a conveying direction.

Claims

1. A treatment installation for treating workpieces, wherein the treatment installation includes a treatment chamber and a conveying device, by means of which the workpieces are suppliable to the treatment chamber, are removable from the treatment chamber, and/or are conveyable through the treatment chamber in a conveying direction, wherein the treatment chamber includes a) at least one heating section in which the workpieces are heatable and/or are maintainable at a temperature higher than an ambient temperature and b) a flushing device for flushing a gas stream through a flushing section of the treatment chamber; wherein the gas stream is guided from at least one of a cooling zone and heating zone and holding zone of the treatment chamber and supplied to a lock; and wherein the gas stream is removable from the lock is then suppliable to the flushing section of the treatment chamber as a flushing gas stream.

2. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the gas stream is or comprises at least one of a fresh air stream and an exhaust gas stream, the exhaust gas stream being an exhaust gas stream from at least one of a cooling section and a heating section and a lock of the treatment installation.

3. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the gas stream is guidable through the treatment chamber multiple times in order to be supplied successively to different sections of the treatment chamber.

4. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the flushing section of the treatment chamber is arranged downstream of the at least one heating section of the treatment chamber, as seen in the conveying direction.

5. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the flushing section and a cooling section are selectively fluidically separable from one another and fluidically connectable to one another by means of one or more separating elements.

6. The treatment installation according to claim 5, wherein the separating element is a mechanical separating element.

7. The treatment installation according to claim 5, wherein the separating element is a separating element that operates by fluid mechanics, the separating element being an airlock.

8. The treatment installation according to claim 5, wherein at least one of a flushing section and at least one heating section and at least one cooling section are fluidically separable from one another by means of one or more separating elements in order to perform a flushing procedure.

9. The treatment installation according to claim 8, wherein by means of the flushing device and the conveying device the workpieces are conveyable in a clocked operation such that the workpieces are suppliable to the flushing section successively, individually or in discrete groups.

10. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the treatment installation comprises a lock through which an isolating gas stream is guidable at an angle of at least 30° or at least 40° with respect to the horizontal.

11. The treatment installation according to claim 10, wherein the isolating gas stream is removed and/or sucked away from the lock in a base section of the lock.

12. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the treatment installation comprises a lock through which an isolating gas stream is guidable at an angle of at most 75° or at most 60° with respect to the horizontal.

13. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the gas stream that is guided through the flushing section includes a content of at least 30% of isolating gas of an isolating gas stream which was guided through a lock of the treatment installation.

14. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the gas stream that is guided through the flushing section includes a content of at most 80% of isolating gas of an isolating gas stream which was guided through a lock of the treatment installation.

15. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein a heating section includes at least one of at least one heating zone for heating up the workpieces and at least one holding zone in which an elevated temperature of the workpieces is maintainable, wherein at least one of each heating zone and each holding zone includes one or more circulating air modules for circulation of the gas stream that is guided in the respective heating zone and/or holding zone.

16. The treatment installation according to claim 1, wherein the heating section includes at least one heating zone for heating up the workpieces and at least one holding zone in which an elevated temperature of the workpieces is maintainable, wherein each heating zone and each holding zone includes at least one of a separate heating device and a separate heat exchanger for heating the gas stream that is guided in the respective heating zone and holding zone.

17. A method for treating workpieces, wherein the method includes the following: supplying workpieces to a treatment chamber of a treatment installation; guiding workpieces through the treatment chamber; removing workpieces from the treatment chamber; heating the workpieces and/or are maintaining the workpieces at a temperature higher than an ambient temperature in at least one heating section; and flushing a gas stream through a flushing section of the treatment chamber; wherein the gas stream is guided from at least one of a cooling zone and heating zone and holding zone of the treatment chamber and supplied to a lock, wherein the gas stream is removed from the lock is then supplied to the flushing section of the treatment chamber as a flushing gas stream.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the gas stream is guided through the treatment chamber multiple times in order to be supplied successively to different sections of the treatment chamber.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the treatment installation comprises a lock through which an isolating gas stream is guidable a) at an angle of at least 30° with respect to the horizontal; and/or b) at an angle of at most 75° with respect to the horizontal.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the isolating gas stream is removed and/or sucked away from the lock, preferably in a base section of the lock.

21. The treatment installation according to claim 17, wherein the gas stream that is guided through the flushing section includes a content of a) at least 30%; and/or b) at most 80% of isolating gas of an isolating gas stream which was guided through a lock of the treatment installation.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the mode of operation of a first embodiment of a treatment installation for treating workpieces;

(2) FIG. 2 shows a schematic perspective illustration, partly in section, of a second embodiment of a treatment installation;

(3) FIG. 3 shows a further schematic perspective sectional illustration of the treatment installation from FIG. 2;

(4) FIG. 4 shows a further schematic perspective sectional illustration of the treatment installation from FIG. 2;

(5) FIG. 5 shows a horizontal section through the treatment installation from FIG. 2;

(6) FIG. 6 shows an oblique section through the treatment installation from FIG. 2;

(7) FIG. 7 shows a horizontal section through a plurality of modules of the treatment installation from FIG. 2;

(8) FIG. 8 shows a schematic vertical section through the treatment installation from FIG. 2, wherein a workpiece is arranged in a treatment chamber of the treatment installation;

(9) FIG. 9 shows a schematic illustration of the treatment installation from FIG. 2, corresponding to FIG. 8, wherein a workpiece of a different shape and/or size is arranged in the treatment chamber;

(10) FIG. 10 shows a schematic perspective illustration of inlet openings and an outlet opening in the treatment installation and a workpiece to be treated;

(11) FIG. 11 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation in which transverse conveying and a gas supply through a top wall are provided;

(12) FIG. 12 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation in which transverse conveying and a gas supply through a vertical side wall are provided;

(13) FIG. 13 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and a gas supply through a dividing wall that is adapted to the contour are provided;

(14) FIG. 14 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and a horizontal gas supply to a lower front region of the workpiece are provided;

(15) FIG. 15 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and three inlet openings for the gas supply through a base wall of the treatment installation are provided;

(16) FIG. 16 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and a removal of gas through an outlet opening arranged in the base wall are provided;

(17) FIG. 17 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and a removal of gas through an outlet opening arranged in a side wall are provided;

(18) FIG. 18 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and a lateral removal of gas in the conveying direction are provided;

(19) FIG. 19 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein transverse conveying and a gas supply and a gas removal arrangement are provided such that there is a substantially diagonal flow through the treatment chamber;

(20) FIG. 20 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein longitudinal conveying and a gas supply according to the embodiment in FIG. 11 are provided;

(21) FIG. 21 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein longitudinal conveying and a gas supply according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 15 are provided;

(22) FIG. 22 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein longitudinal conveying and a gas removal arrangement according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 16 are provided;

(23) FIG. 23 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein longitudinal conveying and a lateral removal of gas that is directed perpendicular to the conveying direction are provided;

(24) FIG. 24 shows a schematic vertical section through a treatment installation, wherein longitudinal conveying and a gas supply according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 19 are provided;

(25) FIG. 25 shows a schematic perspective, partly transparent illustration of a cascaded gas guide arrangement;

(26) FIG. 26 shows a schematic illustration of an alternative embodiment of a gas guide arrangement of the treatment installation;

(27) FIG. 27 shows a schematic illustration of a further alternative embodiment of a gas guide arrangement of the treatment installation;

(28) FIG. 28 shows a schematic plan view of a conveying device that includes a transfer device;

(29) FIG. 29 shows a schematic plan view of a conveying device in which two transfer devices are provided;

(30) FIG. 30 shows a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of a conveying device, in which two rotation devices are provided;

(31) FIG. 31 shows a schematic side view of a further embodiment of a conveying device, in which a rotation device, a lifting device and a transfer device are provided; and

(32) FIG. 32 shows a schematic plan view of a further alternative embodiment of a conveying device, in which a rotation device that is arranged in a treatment chamber is provided.

(33) Like or functionally equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals in all the Figures.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(34) An embodiment that is illustrated in FIG. 1, of a treatment installation that is designated 100 as a whole, is for example a drying installation 102 for drying coated workpieces 104.

(35) The workpieces 104 are for example vehicle bodies 106. The coating is for example a paint.

(36) The treatment installation 100 includes a housing 108 that surrounds a treatment chamber 110.

(37) The treatment chamber 110 serves to receive one or more workpieces 104.

(38) In particular, the workpieces 104 are conveyable through the treatment chamber 110 in a conveying direction 112.

(39) For this purpose, the treatment installation 100 includes in particular a conveying device 114, for example a chain conveyor.

(40) The workpieces 104 are arrangeable on the conveying device 114 and movable in the conveying direction 112 thereby, preferably by means of a skid or alternatively without skids.

(41) The housing 108 includes two side walls 116 that are lateral as seen in the conveying direction 112, a base wall 120 that is arranged at the bottom in relation to the direction 118 of gravity, and a top wall 122 that is arranged at the top in relation to the direction 118 of gravity.

(42) The housing 108 in particular takes a substantially cuboid form.

(43) For efficient treatment of the workpiece 104, a gas stream is preferably suppliable to the treatment chamber 110.

(44) For this purpose, the treatment installation 100 includes a gas supply 124.

(45) The gas supply 124 preferably includes a plurality of inlet openings 126, which are arranged for example in a side wall 116 or a dividing wall 128 of the housing 108, this dividing wall 128 to be explained below.

(46) Further, the treatment installation 100 preferably includes a gas removal arrangement 130, which in particular includes a plurality of outlet openings 132.

(47) The outlet openings 132 may for example be arranged in a side wall 116 and/or in the base wall 120.

(48) In further embodiments, the inlet openings 126 and the outlet openings 132 may also be in other positions, however. For example, it is also possible to arrange inlet openings 126 and/or outlet openings 132 in the top wall 122.

(49) For the purpose of optimum flow of the gas stream through the workpieces 104, the inlet openings 126 on the one hand and the outlet openings 132 on the other are preferably arranged on mutually opposing sides of the workpiece 104.

(50) In particular, the inlet openings 126 on the one hand and the outlet openings 132 on the other are arranged on mutually opposing sides of a workpiece transverse centre plane 134, a vertical longitudinal centre plane 136 of the treatment chamber 110 and/or a diagonal plane 138 of the treatment chamber 110.

(51) The workpiece transverse centre plane 134 is in particular a plane that is oriented perpendicular to a workpiece longitudinal direction 140 and runs through a geometric centre point, arranged at mid-point as seen in the workpiece longitudinal direction 140, or centre of gravity of the workpiece 104.

(52) The workpiece longitudinal direction 140 is in this case in particular a longitudinal direction of the vehicle in which a vehicle that includes the vehicle body 106 moves when it is travelling forward in a straight line.

(53) The vertical longitudinal centre plane 136 of the treatment chamber 110 is preferably a plane that runs parallel to the conveying direction 112 and in the direction 118 of gravity. Thus, the vertical longitudinal centre plane 136 intersects the treatment chamber 110, preferably creating two semi-chambers 142 of the same size. As an alternative or in addition thereto, it may be provided for the vertical longitudinal centre plane 136 to run through a geometric centre of the treatment chamber 110, in particular in relation to a maximum or average horizontal transverse extent of the treatment chamber 110 in a direction running horizontally and perpendicular to the conveying direction 112.

(54) The treatment installation 100 preferably includes a housing 108 whereof the interior 144 is divided into two. In particular, the interior 144 is divided by means of the dividing wall 128 into on the one hand the treatment chamber 110 and on the other a distributor chamber 146 of a distributor device 148 of the treatment installation 100.

(55) Here, the dividing wall 128 preferably runs parallel to the conveying direction 112 and is preferably adapted, at least in certain regions, to a contour of the workpiece 104.

(56) In particular, the dividing wall 128 includes a vertical section 150, which extends in the vertical direction 118 in front of a vehicle front 152 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(57) As an alternative or in addition thereto, it may be provided for the dividing wall 128 to include a horizontal section 154, which extends substantially horizontally and at least approximately along a front hood 156 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(58) Further, as an alternative or in addition thereto, it may be provided for the dividing wall 128 to include an oblique section 158, which is oriented obliquely to the direction 118 of gravity and runs at least approximately parallel to an A pillar 160 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(59) In an alternative embodiment of the treatment installation 100, a dividing wall 128 may further be provided such that it is adapted to the contour of a vehicle rear 162 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(60) In particular, the vertical section 150 of the dividing wall 128 in that case runs in the vertical direction along the vehicle rear 162.

(61) Further, it may in that case be provided for the horizontal section 154 of the dividing wall 128 to extend at least approximately along a rear hood 164 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(62) Moreover, it may be provided for the oblique section 158 of the dividing wall 128 in that case to run substantially parallel to a C pillar 166 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(63) By means of the gas supply 124 and the gas removal arrangement 130, a gas stream is flowable through the treatment chamber 110, preferably substantially diagonally and transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the conveying direction 112.

(64) The inlet openings 126 and the outlet openings 132 are in this case preferably arranged such that the gas stream flows through a workpiece interior 168 preferably at least in certain regions in the workpiece longitudinal direction 140.

(65) For this purpose, in particular an inlet opening 126 is provided in the oblique section 158 of the dividing wall 128 such that the gas stream flowing through this inlet opening 126 and into the treatment chamber 110 is directed into an entry opening 170 in the workpiece 104.

(66) The entry opening 170 is in particular an opening arranged between two A pillars 160 of the workpiece 104 that takes the form of a vehicle body 106, for the arrangement of a front screen.

(67) As an alternative thereto, it is also possible to provide an entry opening 170 between two C pillars 166 and/or D pillars (not illustrated).

(68) Thus, in particular a gas stream is directable by means of the inlet openings 126 directly into the workpiece interior 168.

(69) One or more inlet openings 126 arranged in the vertical section 150 preferably serve to supply the gas stream to the vehicle front 152 in a substantially horizontal direction.

(70) One or more exit openings 172 of the workpiece 104 are preferably arranged in the region of the vehicle rear 162.

(71) Preferably, the one or more outlet openings 132 are arranged in the regions of the side wall 116 and/or base wall 120 close to the vehicle rear 162 in order to be able to remove a gas stream from the workpiece 104 in a targeted manner, through the one or more exit openings 172.

(72) A gas stream is thus flowable from the front to the rear through the workpiece 104, in particular the vehicle body 106, preferably in the workpiece longitudinal direction 140.

(73) As an alternative, however, through flow may also be provided in the opposite direction.

(74) As a result of the selected flow through the workpiece 104, it is preferably possible to avoid the workpiece 104, in particular the vehicle body 106, being heated to an undesirably great extent in a roof region 174. Moreover, as a result of this it is preferably possible to achieve uniform heat supply to the workpiece 104.

(75) The actual supply of heat is in particular performed by the transfer of heat from the supplied gas stream to the workpiece 104.

(76) Thus, the gas stream is in particular a heated gas stream when it is supplied to the treatment chamber 110 through the inlet openings 126.

(77) For the purpose of providing the gas stream, the treatment installation 100 preferably includes a fan device 176, a heating device 178, a separation device 180 and/or one or more valves 182.

(78) In particular, the gas stream is drivable by means of the fan device 176.

(79) The gas stream is preferably heatable directly or indirectly by means of the heating device 178. The heating device 178 may in particular include a thermal exhaust gas cleaning device, a regenerative thermal oxidation device, an auxiliary burner, a micro gas turbine and/or another type of combustion device.

(80) The separation device 180 preferably serves to remove contaminants from the gas stream, in particular in order to avoid an undesired action by contaminants on the coated workpiece 104.

(81) The separation device 180 is for example a filter device.

(82) The one or more valves 182 preferably serve selectively to supply fresh air, to remove exhaust air and/or to guide the complete or partial circulation of air.

(83) In this description and the attached claims, the term “air” is not necessarily used to designate the oxygen/nitrogen mixture in the atmosphere. Rather, and in an entirely general manner, any desired gas may be provided. In particular, the term “circulating air” preferably merely designates guiding a gas stream in a closed circuit.

(84) Preferably, the treatment installation 100 includes a valve 182 that takes the form of a supply valve 184.

(85) Preferably, a fresh air stream can be supplied by means of the supply valve 184.

(86) Further, preferably a removal valve 186 may be provided. By means of the removal valve 186, in particular the gas stream is removable and/or dischargeable to the environment.

(87) By means of a valve 182 that takes the form of a circulating air valve 188, the gas stream may preferably be guided in a circuit. In particular, a predetermined quantity of gas is then guidable through the treatment chamber 110 multiple times.

(88) By positioning the valves 182 suitably, it is further possible to provide a regular gas supply and regular gas removal in order always to replace at least some of the gas guided through the treatment chamber 110. In particular, this can have the effect of preventing an undesirably high concentration of pollutants.

(89) An efficient gas supply is in particular possible if the partial gas streams that are removed through the outlet openings 132 are merged for example by means of a collecting device 190, in particular a collecting duct 192, and are then forwarded together.

(90) The collecting duct 192 may in particular also be a removal duct 194.

(91) By means of a return duct 195, the merged partial gas streams are preferably forwardable together, in particular being suppliable to the removal valve 186 and dischargeable to the environment or, in particular by way of the fan device 176, suppliable to the treatment chamber 110 again.

(92) In particular if the valves 182 are adjusted such that at least a large proportion of the gas stream that is guided through the treatment chamber 110 is guided in a circulating air circuit, the part of the treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 1 is a circulating air module 196.

(93) If, by contrast, substantially exclusively fresh air or fresh gas is supplied to the treatment chamber 110, then the part of the treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 1 is preferably a flushing module 198.

(94) The treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 1 functions in particular as follows:

(95) By means of the fan device 176, a gas stream is introduced into the distributor chamber 146 and is there supplied to the inlet openings 126.

(96) The gas stream then passes through the inlet openings 126 and into the treatment chamber 110.

(97) The inlet openings 126 are for example arranged and/or take a form such that the gas stream can flow, for example in the form of a plurality of partial gas streams, in a targeted manner into the workpiece interior 168 of the workpiece 104.

(98) The gas stream then flows through the workpiece interior 168, at least approximately in the workpiece longitudinal direction 140, and is then removed from the treatment chamber 110 through the outlet openings 132.

(99) As a result of a flow of this kind through the workpieces 104, it is made possible in particular for heat to be transferred uniformly from the gas stream to the one or more workpieces 104. Preferably, as a result overheated regions and excessively cool regions of the respective workpiece 104 can be avoided.

(100) As can be seen from FIG. 1, the workpieces 104 are guided through the treatment chamber 110 in the conveying direction 112, in particular such that the workpiece longitudinal direction 140 is oriented perpendicular to the conveying direction 112.

(101) Preferably here, a clocked conveying of the workpieces 104 is provided, with the result that they are stopped at regular intervals in preferred holding positions in relation to the inlet openings 126 and outlet openings 132.

(102) In particular in the case of a gas stream that is maintained continuously, this can ensure the preferred flow or flushing through the workpieces 104.

(103) A second embodiment of a treatment installation 100, illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 10, substantially corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the treatment installation 100 according to the first embodiment, which is illustrated in FIG. 1.

(104) As can be seen in particular from FIG. 7, the treatment installation 100 includes a plurality of modules, for example circulating air modules 196, which are arranged such that they succeed one another in the conveying direction 112.

(105) Here, for example three circulating air modules 196 are provided, each of which forms a heating zone 200 of the treatment chamber 110. For example three further circulating air modules 196 form for example three holding zones 202 of the treatment chamber 110. Further, cooling zones (not illustrated) may be formed by further circulating air modules 196.

(106) A heating zone 200 serves in particular to supply heat to the workpiece 104 such that the latter is heated.

(107) Heat is preferably supplied in the holding zone 202 such that an already prevailing temperature of the workpiece 104 is kept constant.

(108) The heating zones 200 and the holding zones 202 together preferably form a heating section 204 of the treatment chamber 110.

(109) Preferably, a large part of the procedure for converting the coating on the workpiece 104 to a condition in which the coating is stable over the long term takes place in this heating section 204. In particular, this comprises a curing of paint and/or an evaporation of solvents.

(110) As can be seen from FIG. 7, each module, in particular each circulating air module 196, preferably includes a separate circulating air device 206 for driving a circulating air gas stream in the respective circulating air module 196.

(111) Each circulating air device 206 preferably includes a fan device 176, a heating device 178, a separation device 180 and/or one or more valves 182, in particular a supply valve 184, a removal valve 186 and/or a circulating air valve 188.

(112) The circulating air device 206 is in particular docked onto a side wall 116 of the housing 108 of the treatment installation 100, in particular of the respective circulating air module 196. In this case, a side wall 116 of the housing 108 preferably at the same time forms a side wall 116 of the respective circulating air device 206. Preferably, simple through openings in the side wall 116 are in that case sufficient to make a fluid connection between the respective circulating air device 206 and the associated section of the treatment chamber 110 and/or the respective distributor chamber 146.

(113) As a result of using a plurality of modules, in particular circulating air modules 196, and/or a plurality of separate circulating air devices 206, it is preferably possible to enable a simple modular structure for the treatment installation 100. Further, this preferably makes efficient operation of the treatment installation 100 possible.

(114) As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 4 to 7, the heating device 178 may for example be a centralised heating device 178, in which a plurality of heat exchangers 179 serve for heat transfer in the individual circulating air modules 196, while the actual heat generation (heating power) takes place in a centralised heating device 178, for example a thermal exhaust gas cleaning device 181.

(115) In that case, the circulating air devices 206 are connected to one another and to the thermal exhaust gas cleaning device 181 for example by means of a hot gas line 183 (see FIG. 4), with the result that hot gas generated in the thermal exhaust gas cleaning device 181 is suppliable in a targeted manner, in particular in a controlled and/or regulated manner, to the individual heat exchangers 179 in the circulating air devices 206.

(116) The hot gas that is generated in the thermal exhaust gas cleaning device 181 is in particular exhaust gas from the thermal exhaust gas cleaning device 181. This exhaust gas is in particular a cleaned exhaust gas, so it is also designated a clean gas.

(117) The hot gas line 183 is thus in particular also a clean gas line 185.

(118) The gas to be supplied to the treatment chamber 110 is preferably indirectly heatable by means of the heat exchangers 179.

(119) As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 8 to 10, it may for example be provided for the workpieces 104 to be received by means of a respective skid 208.

(120) The treatment installation 100 is in this case preferably suitable for selectively treating workpieces 104 of different types and/or sizes (see in particular FIGS. 8 and 9).

(121) By suitable positioning and/or conveying of the workpieces 104, it is possible to ensure a uniform through flow of the gas stream, preferably even with different workpieces 104.

(122) In particular, the workpieces 104 are preferably always positionable such that the inlet openings 126 arranged in the oblique section 158 of the dividing wall 128 are always directed though an entry opening 170 and into the workpiece interior 168.

(123) Otherwise, the embodiment of a treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 10 corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(124) FIGS. 11 to 24 illustrate different embodiments of treatment installations 100 that differ from one another and from the embodiments above substantially only as regards the arrangement of the inlet openings 126, the outlet openings 132, the dividing wall 128 and/or the conveying device 114.

(125) For this reason, for the substantial structure of the embodiments of treatment installations 100 illustrated in FIGS. 11 to 24, the reader is referred to the statements above.

(126) FIGS. 11 to 19 illustrate embodiments of treatment installations 100 in which transverse conveying is provided. With a transverse conveying of this kind, there is provided in particular conveying by means of the conveying device 114 such that the workpiece longitudinal direction 140 is oriented transversely, in particular perpendicular, to the conveying direction 112.

(127) In the embodiments according to FIGS. 20 to 24, by contrast, longitudinal conveying is provided. With a longitudinal conveying of this kind, the workpiece longitudinal direction 140 is oriented parallel to the conveying direction 112.

(128) FIGS. 11 to 15, 20 and 21 show different variants for supplying a gas stream to the treatment chamber 110.

(129) FIGS. 16 to 18, 22 and 23 show different variants for removing the gas stream from the treatment chamber 110.

(130) FIGS. 19 and 24 show examples of complete through flow, in particular together with a variant of gas supply and a variant of gas removal, wherein the gas stream flows through a workpiece 104 that takes the form for example of a vehicle body 106 in the workpiece longitudinal direction 140, from rear to front.

(131) In principle, all the variants of gas supply are combinable with all the variants of gas removal.

(132) Preferably, however, a supply of the gas stream on one side of the workpiece 104 and a removal of the gas stream on a further side of the workpiece 104, opposite to this side, is provided.

(133) In FIG. 11, at least one inlet opening 126 is provided in a top wall 122 of the housing 108. Here, the inlet opening 126 takes a form such that a gas stream flowing therethrough can flow through the entry opening 170 and into the workpiece interior 168 of the workpiece 104.

(134) According to FIG. 12, an oblique supply of the gas stream is provided in an upper region of a vertical side wall 116, in relation to the direction 118 of gravity. Here, the gas stream meets the front hood 156 of the workpiece 104 in particular obliquely from above and is then supplied to the entry opening 170 of the workpiece interior 168.

(135) According to FIG. 13, at least one inlet opening 126 that is arranged in the oblique section 158 of a dividing wall 128 is provided.

(136) According to FIG. 14, an inlet opening 126 that is arranged in a lower region of a vertical side wall 116, in relation to the direction 118 of gravity, is provided.

(137) According to FIG. 15, three inlet openings 126 that are arranged distributed in the workpiece longitudinal direction 140 are provided in the base wall 120. Here, the gas stream is flowable through the workpiece 104 in particular in opposition to the direction 118 of gravity, from bottom to top.

(138) According to FIG. 16, an outlet opening 132 is provided in the region of the vehicle rear 162, in the base wall 120 of the housing 108.

(139) According to FIG. 17, at least one outlet opening 132 is provided in the region of the vehicle rear 162, in the side wall 116.

(140) According to FIG. 18, gas removal is provided in a direction running parallel to the conveying direction 112, in particular to one or both sides of the workpiece 104 in relation to the workpiece longitudinal direction 140. In particular, outlet openings 132 are provided in the region of the vehicle rear 162.

(141) According to FIG. 19, an inlet opening 126 is provided in the top wall 122 such that a gas stream is directed into an entry opening 170 between two C pillars 166 of the workpiece 104, which takes the form of a vehicle body 106.

(142) Finally, the gas stream that is guided through the workpiece interior 168 is removable from the treatment chamber 110 in a lower region of a vertical side wall 116, in relation to the direction 118 of gravity, through an outlet opening 132 that is arranged there.

(143) The gas supply according to FIG. 20 corresponds to that from FIG. 11.

(144) The gas supply according to FIG. 21 corresponds to that from FIG. 15.

(145) The gas removal according to FIG. 22 corresponds to that from FIG. 16.

(146) The gas removal according to FIG. 23 corresponds to that from FIG. 18.

(147) The flow through the workpiece 104 according to FIG. 19 is likewise provided in the variant according to FIG. 24.

(148) As already mentioned, in the embodiments of the treatment installation 100 according to FIGS. 20 to 24 there is no transverse conveying, however, but a longitudinal conveying.

(149) As can be seen in particular from FIG. 24, this means that the inlet openings 126 on the one hand and the outlet openings 132 on the other are arranged offset from one another in the conveying direction 112.

(150) Because the direction in which the gas stream flows in is adapted to the one or more entry openings 170 in the workpieces 104, if there were continuous conveying of the workpieces 104 the result would be for example a greatly overheated roof region 174.

(151) For this reason, the workpieces 104 are preferably conveyed in clocked manner by means of the conveying direction 114 and in particular are stopped in preferred holding positions, as illustrated for example in FIG. 24.

(152) The desired flow through the workpiece interior 168 then takes place in these holding positions.

(153) A further embodiment of a treatment installation 100, illustrated in FIG. 25, differs from the first embodiment illustrated for example in FIG. 1 substantially in that the treatment installation 100 includes a lock 210.

(154) Further, the treatment installation 100 includes a circulating air module 196 and a flushing module 198.

(155) Here, it is in particular provided for the circulating air module 196, the flushing module 198 and the lock 210 to be arranged such that they succeed one another in this order in the conveying direction 112.

(156) The treatment installation 100 preferably includes a gas guide arrangement such that unpolluted gas, for example a fresh air stream, is suppliable to the lock 210.

(157) Thus, the lock 210 is in particular an airlock.

(158) Gas that is guided through the lock 210, in particular an isolating gas stream, is preferably suppliable to the flushing module 198 by means of the gas guide arrangement of the treatment installation 100.

(159) In particular, the gas stream in the flushing module 198 is guided through the treatment chamber 110, in particular the workpiece interior 168, as a flushing gas stream in order to remove contaminants that were previously therein as completely as possible and to take them out of the workpiece interior 168 and/or the treatment chamber 110. The contaminants are in particular solvent vapours.

(160) The flushing gas stream that is removed from the flushing module 198 may preferably be re-used. For example, it may at least in part be added to a circulating air module 196 as incoming air. Further, supply to an exhaust gas cleaning device (not illustrated) may also be provided.

(161) As a result of the described gas guidance arrangement of the treatment installation 100, it is possible in particular to enable energy-efficient operation of the treatment installation 100.

(162) Otherwise, the embodiment of a treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 25 preferably corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(163) A further embodiment of a treatment installation 100, illustrated schematically in FIG. 26, differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 25 substantially in that the treatment installation 100 includes, alongside a heating section 204 formed by one or more circulating air modules 196, a flushing section 212, formed for example by a flushing module 198, and a cooling section 214.

(164) Further, preferably two locks 210 are provided, wherein one lock 210 separates the heating section 204 from the flushing section 212. The further lock 210 separates the flushing section 212 from the cooling section 214.

(165) The heating section 204, one lock 210, the flushing section 212, the further lock 210 and the cooling section 214 are preferably arranged to succeed one another in this order in relation to the conveying direction 112.

(166) The treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 26 preferably includes a gas supply, in which a fresh air gas stream is suppliable to a lock 210 or to the flushing section 212.

(167) A flushing gas stream that is guided through the flushing section 212 is preferably supplied to the heating section 204. In particular here, a supply is provided at an end 216 of the heating section 204 that is facing away from the flushing section 212.

(168) Removal of the gas stream that is guided through the heating section 204 is preferably performed at an end 218 of the heating section 204 that faces the flushing section 212.

(169) Otherwise, the embodiment of a treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 26 corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to that illustrated in FIG. 25 and/or one of the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 24, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(170) An embodiment of a treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 27 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 26 substantially in that the treatment installation 100 includes two heating sections 204 between which a flushing section 212 that is separated by means of two locks 210 is arranged.

(171) A further lock 210 is preferably arranged between the heating section 204 that is at the rear, in relation to the conveying direction 112, and the cooling section 214.

(172) In the embodiment of the treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 27, it is preferably provided for the flushing gas stream that is guided through the flushing section 212 to be divided and for each partial gas stream to be supplied to an end 216 of a respective heating section 204 that is facing away from the flushing section 212.

(173) Then, the gas stream that is guided through the respective heating section 204 is removed at the end 218 of each heating section 204 that is arranged to face the flushing section 212.

(174) As a result of the selected gas guide arrangement, in the embodiment of the treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 27 flow through the front heating section 204, as seen in the conveying direction 112, is preferably in the conveying direction 112, while flow through the rear heating section 204, as seen in the conveying direction 112, is preferably in opposition to the conveying direction 112. As a result, the part of the treatment installation 100 that is at the front as seen in the conveying direction 112 is enriched in particular with solvent, in particular upstream of the flushing section 212. As a result of guiding the gas stream in counter-current in the heating section 204 that is at the rear as seen in the conveying direction 112, there is preferably a particularly small discharge of solvent to the environment.

(175) Otherwise, the embodiment of a treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 27 corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 26, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(176) Different variants of conveying devices 114 are illustrated in FIGS. 28 to 32.

(177) These various variants of the conveying device 114 may preferably be used in all the variants of treatment installations 100 that are illustrated and described.

(178) In particular, the conveying devices 114 are here provided for conveying the workpieces 104 along an overall conveying line 220.

(179) This overall conveying line 220 preferably extends through all the sections of the treatment installation 100, in particular through the heating section 204, a flushing section 212 and/or a cooling section 214, or through a plurality of the said sections 204, 212, 214.

(180) Moreover, by means of the respective conveying device 114 conveying through one or more locks 210 is also provided.

(181) In the embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 28, it is provided for the conveying device 114 to include a transfer device 222.

(182) By means of a transfer device 222 of this kind, a connection is in particular producible between two partial conveying lines 224 of the overall conveying line 220, which meet for example at an angle of 90°.

(183) By means of the transfer device 222, it is in particular possible to pass on the workpieces 104 from one partial conveying line 224 to the further partial conveying line 224 such that the workpieces 104 maintain their global rotational orientation unchanged in relation to the treatment installation 100.

(184) If for example in a first partial conveying line 224a longitudinal conveying of the workpieces 104 is provided, and this partial conveying line 224a meets a second partial conveying line 224b that runs perpendicular thereto, a transverse conveying is produced in the region of the second partial conveying line 224b with an unchanged rotational orientation of the workpieces 104.

(185) A conveying device 114 according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 28 is particularly suitable if there is a need to pass through a lock 210 having the smallest possible cross section but thereafter a transverse conveying is preferred.

(186) An embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 29 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 28 substantially in that three partial conveying lines 224 and two transfer devices 222 are provided. By means of the conveying device 114, in this case in particular initially transverse conveying of the workpieces 104 is transferable to a longitudinal conveying thereof, for example in order to guide them through a lock 210. Thereafter, the workpieces 104 are in particular transferable once again in order to enable a further transverse conveying.

(187) Otherwise, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 29 corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 28, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(188) By means of a conveying device 114 according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 29, it is possible in particular to perform a lateral displacement of the workpieces 104 (in a direction running perpendicular to the conveying direction).

(189) It may further be provided for a conveying device 114 to include substantially two conveying devices 114 according to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 29, which are arranged and take a form such that the workpieces 104 are initially laterally displaceable and thereafter are movable back to an original straight line in which they are conveyed.

(190) A further embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 30 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 28 substantially in that the conveying device 114 includes two rotation devices 226.

(191) By means of each rotation device 226, the workpieces 104 are preferably rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation 228.

(192) By means of the rotation device 226, a global rotational orientation of the workpieces 104 in relation to the treatment installation 100 is thus variable, in particular without varying a general conveying direction 112 in two partial conveying lines 224 that are connected to one another by means of the respective rotation device 226.

(193) In the embodiment of the treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 30, it is in particular provided for the workpieces 104 first of all to be conveyed in an orientation that is perpendicular to the conveying direction 112, that is to say transverse conveying is provided. By means of a rotation device 226, a rotation of the workpieces 104 is then performed, preferably upstream of a lock 210, in order to convert the transverse conveying to a longitudinal conveying. The workpieces 104 are then guided through the lock 210 in this longitudinal orientation and thereafter are rotated once again by means of a further rotation device 226 in order ultimately to continue transverse conveying.

(194) During this, preferably the conveying direction 112 does not change.

(195) Otherwise, the embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 30 preferably corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 28, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(196) An embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 31 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 28 substantially in that the conveying device 114 includes not only a rotation device 226 but also a transfer device 222 and a lifting device 230.

(197) This conveying device 114 is in particular usable in a treatment installation 100 that takes the form of a so-called A-type oven.

(198) It may be favourable if the treatment installation 100 includes a heating section 204 and/or a flushing section 212 that is arranged above, in particular entirely above, a cooling section 214 in relation to the direction 118 of gravity. As a result of this an undesired heat discharge from the heating section 204 can be avoided or at least reduced.

(199) The workpieces 104 are conveyable through the heating section 204, preferably along a first partial conveying line 224, and suppliable to the flushing section 212.

(200) The flushing section 212 is separable from the heating section 204 and/or the cooling section 214 preferably by means of two mechanical separating elements 232.

(201) A separating element 232 may for example take the form of a roll-up gate or lifting gate that is introducible between the heating section 204 and the flushing section 212.

(202) A further separating element 232 is for example a base plate 234 of the lifting device 230.

(203) In this case, the base plate 234 closes off, downwards in relation to the direction 118 of gravity, in particular an interior of the flushing section 212 when the lifting device 230 is in a lifted position, for example in order to be able to receive workpieces 104 at the level of the heating section 204.

(204) In order to transfer workpieces 104 in the region of the flushing section 212, a transfer device 222 may optionally be provided.

(205) The workpieces 104 are lowerable by means of the lifting device 230 from the level of the heating section 204 to the level of the cooling section 214 and then, in particular by means of an optional transfer device 222, are transferable to a further partial conveying line 224.

(206) It may be provided for a global rotational orientation of the workpieces 104 in relation to the treatment installation 100 to be varied by means of one or more rotation devices 226.

(207) For example, together with the lifting device 230, a rotation device 226 may form an integrated handling device 236.

(208) Here, it may be provided in particular for the workpieces 104, as they are lifted or lowered by means of the lifting device 230, at the same time to be rotated about a vertical axis of rotation 228.

(209) A further rotation device 226 that is arranged for example in the cooling section 214 may further serve for optimised conveying of the workpieces 104 in this cooling section 214.

(210) Otherwise, the embodiment of a conveying device 114 and/or of the overall treatment installation 100 that is illustrated in FIG. 31 corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, selectively to one or more of the embodiments described above, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.

(211) An embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 32 differs from the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 30 substantially in that only one rotation device 226 is provided.

(212) Thus, as regards the conveying direction 112 upstream of the lock 210, preferably a longitudinal conveying of the workpieces 104 is provided in order to enable the workpieces 104 to be guided through the lock 210 with the smallest possible cross section. Downstream of the lock 210, the longitudinal conveying is preferably transferable to a transverse conveying by means of the rotation device 226.

(213) Otherwise, the embodiment of a conveying device 114 that is illustrated in FIG. 32 corresponds, as regards its structure and functioning, to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 30, so in this respect reference is made to the description thereof above.