Process for dyeing keratin materials using a direct dye and an aliphatic ammonium salt, and composition comprising same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cosmetic process for treating keratin materials, in particular keratin fibers, preferably human keratin fibers such as the hair, using a) one or more direct dyes which are preferably neutral and b) one or more particular aliphatic ammonium salts, and to a composition comprising ingredients a) and b). The cosmetic process for treating keratin materials of the invention makes it possible to obtain a good color build-up up and, furthermore, the colors are vivid and chromatic.

Claims

1. A process for dyeing keratin fibers, comprising applying to the keratin fibers a direct dye composition comprising: a) at least one direct dye; and b) at least one tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkylammonium salt of formula (A), optical, geometrical, or tautomeric isomers thereof, solvates thereof, or mixtures thereof: ##STR00056## wherein in formula (A): R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4, independently of each other, are chosen from a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated (C.sub.1-C.sub.8) hydrocarbon-based groups, which may be optionally substituted with one or more radicals chosen from hydroxyl, amino, (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylamino, carboxy, carboxylate, carbamide, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkoxy, —SO.sub.3H, sulfonate, and/or aryl; and Y.sup.− represents an anionic counterion; wherein when one of the hydrocarbon-based groups of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, or R.sub.4 is substituted with a carboxylate or sulfonate group, Y.sup.− is absent to ensure the electrical neutrality of the at least one tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkylammonium salt of formula (A); and wherein the tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkylammonium salt is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 99.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, wherein the process does not comprise mixing the composition with an oxidizing composition.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein Y.sup.− represents an anionic counterion chosen from i) halides; ii) hydrogen sulfates; iii) (bis)(poly)halo(C.sub.1-C.sub.12)(alkyl)sulfonylimides; iv) (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)alkyl sulfates; v) (poly)halophosphates; vi) (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)(alkyl)phosphates; vii) (poly)haloborates; viii) carbonate; ix) bicarbonate; x) (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)alkylcarbonates; xi) dicyanamide; xii) nitrate; xiii) thiocyanate; xiv) formate; xv) (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)alkylcarboxylates, wherein the (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)alkyl group may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms or groups chosen from hydroxyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(di)(alkyl)amino, phenyl, imidazole, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyloxy, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonylamino, guanidine, thiol, —SO.sub.3H, and/or (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkoxy; xvi) (C.sub.6-C.sub.12)arylcarboxylates, wherein the aryl group may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms or groups chosen from hydroxyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(di)(alkyl)amino, phenyl, imidazole, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyloxy, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonylamino, guanidine, thiol, —SO.sub.3H, and/or (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkoxy; xvii) (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)alkylsulfonates, wherein the (C.sub.1-C.sub.12)alkyl may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms or groups chosen from hydroxyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(di)(alkyl)amino, phenyl, imidazole, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyloxy, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonylamino, guanidine, thiol, —SO.sub.3H, and/or (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkoxy; or xviii) (C.sub.6-C.sub.12)arylsulfonates, wherein the aryl group may be substituted with one or halogen atoms or groups chosen from hydroxyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(di)(alkyl)amino, phenyl, imidazole, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonyloxy, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkylcarbonylamino, guanidine, thiol, —SO.sub.3H, and/or (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkoxy.

3. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one direct dye is chosen from neutral, cationic, or anionic direct dyes chosen from acridines, acridones, anthranthrones, anthrapyrimidines, anthraquinones, azines, (poly)azos or azos, hydrazono or hydrazones, azomethines, benzanthrones, benzimidazoles, benzimidazolones, benzindoles, benzoxazoles, benzopyrans, benzothiazoles, benzoquinones, bis-isoindolines, carboxanilides, coumarins, cyanines, (di)azines, bis-azines, (di)oxazines, (di)thiazines, (di)phenylamines, (di)phenylmethanes, (di)ketopyrrolopyrroles, flavonoids, formazans, indamines, indanthrones, indigoids, thioindigoids, pseudoindigoids, indophenols, indoanilines, isoindolines, isoindolinones, isoviolanthrones, lactones, (poly)methines, naphthalimides, naphthanilides, naphtholactams, naphthoquinones, nitro, oxadiazoles, oxazines, perilones, perinones, perylenes, phenazines, phenoxazine, phenothiazines, phthalocyanine, polyenes/carotenoids, porphyrins, pyranthrones, pyrazolanthrones, pyrazolones, pyrimidinoanthrones, pyronines, quinacridones, quinolines, quinophthalones, squaranes, tetrazolines, thiazines, thiopyronines, triarylmethanes, xanthenes, natural direct dyes, or mixtures thereof.

4. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one direct dye is chosen from anthraquinones, (poly)azos, azomethines, stilbenes, or mixtures thereof.

5. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one direct dye is chosen from neutral direct dyes of the following formulae, or mixtures thereof: ##STR00057## wherein in formulae (IIIa), (III′a), (IVa), (IV′a), (IV″a), (Va), (VIa), and (VI′a): Ar represents an optionally substituted aryl group; Ar′ represents an optionally substituted divalent (hetero)arylene group, which is optionally substituted with a group chosen from (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkyl groups, hydroxyl groups, or (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkoxy groups; Ar″ represents a (hetero)aryl radical, which is optionally substituted with a group chosen from i) an electron-withdrawing group chosen from nitro, nitroso, or —C(X)—X′—R′, ii) a (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino group, iii) hydroxyl, or iv) (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy; X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen or sulfur atom, or a group NR″; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a group chosen from hydroxyl, thiol, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkoxy, (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.4)(alkyl)amino, nitro, or nitroso; R′ and R″ represent a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group; R.sup.a and R.sup.b, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkyl group, which is optionally substituted; or alternatively, the substituent R.sup.a with a substituent of Ar″, R.sup.b with a substituent of Ar, and/or R.sup.a with R.sup.b form, together with the atoms that bear them, a (hetero)cycloalkyl; T and T′, which may be identical or different, represent a group C(R.sup.a) or N; L represents a divalent group -ALK-, —C(X)-ALK-, -ALK-C(X)—, or —C(X)-ALK-C(X′)—, wherein ALK represents a linear or branched (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylene group; R.sub.22, R.sub.23, R.sub.24, R.sub.25, R.sub.26, and R.sub.27, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; hydroxyl or mercapto; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio; aryloxy or arylthio; aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; or (di)(hydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl)amino; Z′ represents a hydrogen atom or a group NR.sub.28R.sub.29, wherein R.sub.28 and R.sub.29, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; polyhydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; aryl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; iii) R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, and/or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; and/or iv) a sulfonate; or cycloalkyl; and Z represents a group chosen from hydroxyl and NR′.sub.28R′.sub.29, wherein R′.sub.28 and R′.sub.29, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; polyhydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; aryl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; iii) R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, and/or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; and/or iv) a sulfonate; or cycloalkyl.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein the at least one direct dye of formula (IV″a) is chosen from dyes of formula (IV′″a), optical, geometrical, or tautomeric isomers thereof, organic or mineral acid or base salts thereof, or solvates thereof: ##STR00058## wherein in formula (IV′″a): R.sup.1 and R.sup.3, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, or a sugar; R.sup.2 and R.sup.4, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl or (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkoxy group, or an —O-sugar group; X, which may be identical or different, represents an oxygen atom, sulfur atom, or N-R, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group; and ALK represents a (C.sub.1-C.sub.4) alkylene group.

7. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one direct dye is chosen from neutral direct dyes chosen from: ##STR00059## organic or mineral acid or base salts thereof, optical or geometrical isomers thereof, and/or solvates thereof.

8. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one direct dye is chosen from anionic direct dyes of the following formulae, or mixtures thereof: a) diaryl anionic azo dyes of formula (III) or (III′): ##STR00060## wherein in formulae (III) and (III′): R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10, R′.sub.7, R′.sub.8, R′.sub.9, and R′.sub.10, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio; hydroxyl or mercapto; nitro or nitroso; R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, or R°—X′—C(X)-X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an aryl group; wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; (O)CO.sup.−—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; R″—S(O).sub.2—, wherein R″ represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl, a (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino group, or an aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino group; R′″—S(O).sub.2—X′—, wherein R′″ represents a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group or an aryl group which is optionally substituted, and wherein X′ represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) nitro; ii) nitroso; iii) (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+; and/or iv) alkoxy, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; optionally substituted heteroaryl; cycloalkyl; Ar—N═N—, wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted aryl group; or alternatively, two contiguous groups R.sub.7 with R.sub.8, R.sub.8 with R.sub.9, or R.sub.9 with R.sub.10 together form a fused benzo group A′; and R′.sub.7 with R′.sub.8, R′.sub.8 with R′.sub.9, or R′.sub.9 with R′.sub.10 together form a fused benzo group B′; wherein A′ and B′ may be optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) nitro; ii) nitroso; iii) (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−), M.sup.+; iv) hydroxyl; v) mercapto; vi) (di)(alkyl)amino; vii) R°—C(X)—X′—; viii) R°—X′—C(X)—; ix) R°—X′—C(X)—X″—; x) Ar—N═N—; and/or xi) optionally substituted aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; wherein: M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; R° represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an aryl group; X, X′, X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; and Ar represents an optionally substituted aryl group; W represents a sigma bond σ, an oxygen or sulfur atom, or a divalent radical chosen from i) —NR—, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or ii) methylene —C(R.sub.a)(R.sub.b)—, wherein R.sub.a and R.sub.b, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an aryl group, or alternatively, R.sub.a and R.sub.b form, with the carbon atom that bears them, a spiro cycloalkyl; wherein formulae (III) and (III′) comprise at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, or at least one carboxylate radical (O)CO.sup.−—, M.sup.+ on one of the rings A, A′, B, B′, or C; b) pyrazolone anionic azo dyes of formulae (IV) and (IV′): ##STR00061## wherein in formulae (IV) and (IV′): R.sub.11, R.sub.12, and R.sub.13, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or —(O).sub.2S(O.sup.−), M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; R.sub.14 represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or a —C(O)O.sup.−, M.sup.+ group, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; R.sub.15 represents a hydrogen atom; R.sub.16 represents an oxo group, or alternatively, when R′.sub.16 is optionally absent, R.sub.15 with R.sub.16 together form a double bond; R.sub.17 and R.sub.18, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; or Ar—O—S(O).sub.2—, wherein Ar represents an optionally substituted aryl group; R.sub.19 and R.sub.20 together form either a double bond, or a benzo group D′, which is optionally substituted; R′.sub.16, R′.sub.19, and R′.sub.20, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or a hydroxyl group; R.sub.21 represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy group; R.sub.a and R.sub.b, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an aryl group, or alternatively Ra and Rb form, with the carbon atom that bears them, a spiro cycloalkyl; Y represents either a hydroxyl group or an oxo group; and represents a single bond when Y is an oxo group, or represents a double bond when Y represents a hydroxyl group; wherein formulae (IV) and (IV′) comprise at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+ or at least one carboxylate radical C(O)O.sup.−—, M.sup.+ on ring D or E; c) anthraquinone dyes of formulae (V) and (V′): ##STR00062## wherein in formulae (V) and (V′): R.sub.22, R.sub.23, R.sub.24, R.sub.25, R.sub.26, and R.sub.27, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; hydroxyl or mercapto; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio; optionally substituted aryloxy or arylthio; aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from alkyl and (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; (di)(hydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl)amino; or (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; R.sub.28 represents a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; polyhydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; aryl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, n-dodecyl, n-butyl; ii) (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; iii) R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, and/or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an aryl group, wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; or cycloalkyl; Z′ represents a hydrogen atom or a group NR.sub.28R.sub.29, wherein R.sub.28 and R.sub.29, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; polyhydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; aryl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, n-dodecyl, n-butyl; ii) (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; iii) R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, and/or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an aryl group, wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; or cycloalkyl; Z represents a group chosen from hydroxyl and NR′.sub.28R′.sub.29, wherein R′.sub.28 and R′.sub.29, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; polyhydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; aryl optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, n-dodecyl, n-butyl; ii) (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; iii) R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, and/or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an aryl group; and wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; or cycloalkyl; wherein formulae (V) and (V′) comprise at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+ or at least one carboxylate radical C(O)O.sup.−—, M.sup.+; d) nitro dyes of formulae (VI) and (VI′): ##STR00063## wherein in formulae (VI) and (VI′): R.sub.30, R.sub.31, and R.sub.32, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups; hydroxyl or mercapto; nitro or nitroso; polyhalo(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an aryl group; wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; (O)CO.sup.−—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; (di)(hydroxy(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl)amino; or heterocycloalkyl; R.sub.c and R.sub.d, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; W represents a sigma bond σ, an oxygen or sulfur atom, or a divalent radical chosen from i) —NR—, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; or ii) methylene —C(R.sub.a)(R.sub.b)—, wherein R.sub.a and R.sub.b, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an aryl group, or alternatively, R.sub.a and R.sub.b form, with the carbon atom that bears them, a spiro cycloalkyl; ALK represents a linear or branched divalent C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkylene group; n is 1 or 2; p represents an integer ranging from 1 to 5; q represents an integer ranging from 1 to 4; u is 0 or 1; when n is 1, J represents a nitro or nitroso group; when n is 2, J represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, or a divalent radical —S(O).sub.m—, wherein m represents an integer 1 or 2; M′ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; and ##STR00064## which may be present or absent, represents a benzo group optionally substituted with one or more groups R.sub.30; wherein formulae (VI) and (VI′) comprise at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+ or at least one carboxylate radical —C(O)O.sup.−, M.sup.+; e) triarylmethane dyes of formula (VII): ##STR00065## wherein in formula (VII): R.sub.33, R.sub.34, R.sub.35, and R.sub.36, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, or a group chosen from (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl, optionally substituted aryl, and optionally substituted aryl(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; and R.sub.37, R.sub.38, R.sub.39, R.sub.40, R.sub.41, R.sub.42, R.sub.43, and R.sub.44, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio; (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; hydroxyl or mercapto; nitro or nitroso; R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl or aryl group; wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; (O)CO.sup.−—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; or alternatively, two contiguous groups R.sub.41 with R.sub.42, R.sub.42 with R.sub.43, or R.sub.43 with R.sub.44 together form a fused benzo group optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from i) nitro; ii) nitroso; iii) (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−), M.sup.+; iv) hydroxyl; v) mercapto; vi) (di)(C.sub.1-C.sub.6)(alkyl)amino; vii) R°—C(X)—X′—; viii) R°—X′—C(X)—; and/or ix) R°—X′—C(X)—X″—; wherein at least one of the rings G, H, and I, comprises at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)— or at least one carboxylate radical —C(O)O.sup.−; f) xanthene-based dyes of formula (VIII): ##STR00066## wherein in formula (VIII): R.sub.45, R.sub.46, R.sub.47, and R.sub.48, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom; R.sub.49, R.sub.50, R.sub.51, and R.sub.52, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio; hydroxyl or mercapto; nitro or nitroso; (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; or (O)CO.sup.−—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; G represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; L represents an alkoxide O.sup.−, M.sup.+; a thioalkoxide S.sup.−, M.sup.+; or a group NR.sub.f, wherein R.sub.f represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, and M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; L′ represents an oxygen or sulfur atom, or an ammonium group N.sup.+R.sub.fR.sub.g, wherein R.sub.f and R.sub.g, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group, or an optionally substituted aryl group; Q and Q′, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen or sulfur atom; and M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; g) indole-based dyes of formula (IX): ##STR00067## wherein in formula (IX): R.sub.53, R.sub.54, R.sub.55, R.sub.56, R.sub.57, R.sub.58, R.sub.59, and R.sub.60, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group chosen from: (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl; (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkoxy or (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkylthio; hydroxyl or mercapto; nitro or nitroso; R°—C(X)—X′—, R°—X′—C(X)—, or R°—X′—C(X)—X″—, wherein R° represents a hydrogen atom, or an alkyl or aryl group; wherein X, X′, and X″, which may be identical or different, represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or NR, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; or (O)CO.sup.−—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; G represents an oxygen or sulfur atom; and R.sub.i and R.sub.h, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; wherein formula (IX) comprises at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+ or at least one carboxylate radical —C(O)O.sup.−, M.sup.+; h) quinoline-based dyes of formula (X): ##STR00068## wherein in formula (X): R.sub.61 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.6)alkyl group; and R.sub.62, R.sub.63, and R.sub.64, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a group (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; or alternatively, R.sub.61 with R.sub.62, or R.sub.61 with R.sub.64, together form a benzo group optionally substituted with one or more groups (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+, wherein M.sup.+ represents a hydrogen atom or a cationic counterion; wherein formula (X) comprises at least one sulfonate radical (O).sub.2S(O.sup.−)—, M.sup.+.

9. The process of claim 1, wherein in formula (A), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4, which may be identical or different, represent a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched (C.sub.1-C.sub.8) hydrocarbon-based group.

10. The process of claim 1, wherein in formula (A), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4, which may be identical or different, represent a (C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkyl radical.

11. The process of claim 1, wherein in formula (A), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are identical.

12. The process of claim 1, wherein in formula (A), R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are identical and represent a linear (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkyl group, and R.sub.4 represents a saturated or unsaturated, linear (C.sub.1-C.sub.8) hydrocarbon-based group different from R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3, and is optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl, (C.sub.1-C.sub.4)alkoxy, carboxyl, carboxylate, or phenyl groups.

13. The process of claim 1, wherein Y.sup.− is chosen from the following anionic counterions: TABLE-US-00005 Cl.sup.− Br.sup.− CH.sub.3SO.sub.3.sup.− CH.sub.3OSO.sub.3.sup.− CH.sub.3OCO.sub.2.sup.− N(CF.sub.3SO.sub.2).sub.2.sup.− N(SO.sub.2F).sub.2.sup.− CF.sub.3SO.sub.3.sup.− PF.sub.6.sup.− BF.sub.4.sup.− N(CH).sub.2.sup.− (CH.sub.3O)(H)PO.sub.2.sup.− CH.sub.3COO.sup.− HCO.sub.3.sup.− NO.sub.3.sup.− HCO.sub.2.sup.− (CH.sub.3O).sub.2PO.sub.2.sup.− (CH.sub.3CH.sub.2O).sub.2PO.sub.2.sup.− HSO.sub.4.sup.− (nC.sub.4H.sub.10).sub.2PO.sub.2.sup.− SCN.sup.− CF.sub.3COO.sup.− H.sub.2PO.sub.4.sup.− CH.sub.3CH.sub.2OSO.sub.3.sup.−

14. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least one tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkyl-ammonium salt of formula (A) is chosen from compounds 1 to 23: TABLE-US-00006 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 wherein Y.sup.− represents an anionic counterion.

15. The process of claim 1, wherein the a) at least one direct dye is present in an amount ranging from 0.001% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

16. The process of claim 1, wherein the a) at least one direct dye has a solubility in water at a temperature of 22° C. and at atmospheric pressure of less than 5% by weight.

17. The process of claim 1, wherein the b) at least one tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkylammonium salt of formula (A) is present in an amount ranging from 3% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

18. The process of claim 1, wherein the pH of the composition ranges from 3 to 13.

Description

EXAMPLES

(1) ##STR00054##

(2) Tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkylammonium salts 11:

(3) ##STR00055##

(4) Preparation of the Compositions:

(5) The comparative compositions (Comp 1 to 3) and the compositions of the invention (Inv 1 to 3) were prepared by adhering to the amounts described in the tables below:

(6) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 1 Ingredients Comp 1 Inv 1 Comp 2 Inv 2 Comp 3 Inv 3 Dye 1 (g %) 0.5 0.5 Dye 2 (g %) 0.5 0.5 Dye 3 (g %) 0.5 0.5 Tri-n-butyl- methylammonium 50 10 10 bromide 11 (g %) Water qs 100 qs 100 qs 100 qs 100 qs 100 qs 100

(7) Application on Locks:

(8) Protocol 1:

(9) 1 g of Comparative composition (Comp x) or of composition according to the invention (Inv x) is applied to 0.5 g of natural hair containing 90% white hairs, at 33° C. for 30 minutes. The hair is then rinsed, shampooed and dried.

(10) Colorimetric Measurements:

(11) The color build-up (ΔE*) was evaluated in the CIE L* a* b* system using a Minolta Spectrophotometer CM3610A colorimeter, (illuminant D65). In this L*a*b* system, L* represents the intensity of the color, a* indicates the shade of the color on the green/red color axis and b* indicates the shade of the color on the blue/yellow color axis. The lower the value of L*, the darker or more intense the color. The higher the value of a*, the redder the shade, and the higher the value of b*, the bluer the shade.

(12) In the table below, the value of ΔE* is calculated from the values of L*a*b* according to the following equation:
ΔE*=√{square root over ((L*−L.sub.0*).sup.2+(a*−a.sub.0*).sup.2+(b*−b.sub.0*).sup.2)}

(13) In the equation, L*, a* and b* represent the values measured on the locks after treatment by means of each of the protocols 1 to 4 above, and L.sub.0*, a.sub.0* and b.sub.0* represent the values measured on untreated control locks. The higher the ΔE* value, the better the color build-up or variation. The results are given in the table below.

(14) Dyeing Results:

(15) The various build-up results obtained are given in the table below:

(16) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 2 Ingredients Protocol L AE Comparative 2 1 59.8 5.6 Invention 2 1 58.2 14.4 Comparative 3 1 56.0 9.5 Invention 3 1 53.6 12.2

(17) It is seen from the above test results that the color build-up is significantly improved by the presence of tetra(C.sub.1-C.sub.8)alkylammonium salts of formula (A). Moreover, the colors obtained are very vivid.