Air Fertilization System Directing CO2 Exhaust to a Covered Crop Row

Abstract

The embodied invention is directed toward capturing air sources that contain higher concentrations of CO.sub.2 and directing the air to a controlled crop growing environment where a crop will be able to benefit from the higher amounts of CO.sub.2. The air is preferably filtered for dust, monitored for CO.sub.2 levels, and a mixer is used to control the CO.sub.2 level to a desirable amount.

Claims

1. A method for providing a high CO.sub.2 air mixture for crops near a highway CO.sub.2 source comprising: a) providing 1) an air collection hood in a median strip of said highway, 2) collection piping located in the median strip configured to collect said high CO.sub.2 air mixture, 3) connecting piping from said collection piping to a filter, 4) connecting piping from said filter to a turbine, 5) connecting piping from said turbine to a CO.sub.2 mixer, 6) connecting piping from said CO.sub.2 mixer to a switch valve, and 7) wherein said switch valve operates between water and said high CO.sub.2 air mixture, b) operating: 1) said air turbine to create an inlet vacuum up to 10 psi, 2) a monitor which measures a CO.sub.2 amount in said high CO.sub.2 air mixture, 3) said CO.sub.2 mixer to adjust said CO.sub.2 amount in said CO.sub.2 air mixture according to a setpoint amount, and 4) said switch valve according to a design that will provide desirable amounts of moisture and CO.sub.2 to a crop, whereby said crop growth is improved according to at least one predetermined criterion.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING(S)

[0013] FIG. 1 shows an overview of how the high CO.sub.2 air is collected and distributed to crops.

[0014] FIG. 2 is a section of FIG. 1 that is taken along the lines 2-2 and shows a cross section of a plastic covered crop row.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The advantages of the present invention are due to driving improvements in photosynthesis by an increase of CO.sub.2 levels. The higher CO.sub.2 levels can increase plant growth and production by 15-30%. By increasing levels of CO.sub.2 from 400 ppm up to 1000 ppm will provide proportional increases in plant growth, resulting in more sugars and carbohydrates being created by the plant. The CO.sub.2 can be considered a supplement for plant growth and is a common practice many greenhouses.

[0016] The embodied invention captures higher concentration CO.sub.2 air from a freeway, filters the air, and pumps it to plant rows that utilize a fabric or plastic cover. The air then exits the plant row at the opposite end of the entry side.

[0017] FIG. 1 shows a high CO.sub.2 air collection pipe with slots mounted on a highway median wall 101. A long, elevated cover 102 provides high CO.sub.2 air collection to enhance the collectable amount of high CO.sub.2 air. The high CO.sub.2 air will enter through slots (not shown) in the pipe or an end collection point. The high CO.sub.2 air is then drafted through a pipe 103 under the highway to a filter 104 that removes heavier particles such as dust. The high CO.sub.2 air is then drafted into an air moving turbine 105. The air moving turbine is preferably solar powered (solar panels not shown). The turbine provides the vacuum needed (i.e. negative 10 psi) to draw the air into the collection pipe and additionally moves the high CO.sub.2 air through the piping. The high CO.sub.2 air is then directed to an air volume mixer 106 which controls the amount of CO.sub.2 in the air that will be used for growing crops. A supplement amount of CO.sub.2 from a high pressure tank can be added if necessary to regulate the desirable amount of CO.sub.2 in the air stream. A switch valve 107 is used to switch between the high CO.sub.2 air and water which are both directed into the subterranean drip pipe 108. A number of covered 110 crop rows are located in a farming field 109.

[0018] The air volume mixer is a CO.sub.2 volume mixer that provides the ideal mixture of CO.sub.2 in the high CO.sub.2 air stream. The CO.sub.2 is measured and regulated by comparing to a CO.sub.2 setpoint. Depending upon car traffic on the highway, the amount of CO.sub.2 can vary widely. The high CO.sub.2 air will generally be delivered to the plants during daylight hours during photosynthesis, and the water is introduced at night. The CO.sub.2 boost delivered by the subterranean drip pipe rises above the ground and under the crop cover. This provides an enhanced CO.sub.2 air around the plant leaves. As oxygen levels increase as a bi-product of photosynthesis, the oxygen permeates through the crop cover into the atmosphere, completing the process.

[0019] FIG. 2 is a cross section of FIG. 1 that is taken along the lines 2-2 and shows important details of a covered crop row, and is typical of the conceived invention. The need to cover the crop row with fabric or plastic is an important embodiment of the disclosed invention, as the cover provides moisture and control of the ambient air around the plants. The need for covering the crop row, or otherwise creating a controlled environment, is critical to success as moisture and CO.sub.2 loss will negatively impact the plant growth.

[0020] A domed cover 201 protects the crop plants, and is supported by a wire or plastic frame 202 spaced at intervals along the length of the crop row. An optional small vent 203 is added to allow moisture and air to leave the covered crop row. The finish grade 204 of cover soil 206 is designed with moisture control, so as to allow rain to gather into the crop row. Various cover soil geometries are possible, based on the amount of rainfall received. An impervious plastic ground cover 209 provides soil moisture control, and provides for a growth centered plant environment. It also provides insect control. Subterranean piping or tape 210 provides for entry of water at night or high CO.sub.2 air during day, depending upon the control of the switch valve 107 previously described.

[0021] The objective of the domed cover, control of insects, better moisture control, and enhanced CO.sub.2 levels is improved crop growth.

[0022] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described, the invention may be modified and adapted to various operational methods to those skilled in the art. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the description and figure shown herein, and includes all such embodiments, changes, and modifications that are encompassed by the scope of the claims.