Combination of a light ray with a cytochrome C oxidase substrate particularly for improving the appearance of the skin and/or hair

Abstract

The present invention relates more specifically to a cosmetic treatment method intended in particular to improve the appearance of the skin and/or hair comprising the simultaneous and/or sequential administration: a) of at least one cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or of at least one agent which increases the expression of the said substrate; and b) of at least one light radiation exhibiting at least one predominant wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase. In particular, the said light radiation exhibits at least one predominant wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase ranging from 550 to 1000 nm, in particular from 550 to 800 nm, preferably from 620 to 700 nm and more preferably still from 640 to 680 nm and is preferably used at a dose ranging from 0.01 to 200 J/cm.sup.2, preferably from 0.1 to 30 J/cm.sup.2, more preferably from 1 to 30 J/cm.sup.2, indeed even from 5 to 30 J/cm.sup.2. The invention also relates to a composition comprising at least one cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or one agent which increases the expression of the said substrate and at least one compound emitting and/or filtering, in particular under exposure to light, a light radiation exhibiting at least one predominant wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase, and to a kit comprising at least one composition comprising at least one cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or one agent which increases the expression of the said substrate and one device and/or one compound emitting/filtering a light radiation exhibiting at least one predominant wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase.

Claims

1. A method of improving the appearance of skin and/or hair, comprising: (a) administering at least one cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or at least one agent which increases the expression of at least one cytochrome C substrate to the external skin and/or the hair of a subject; and (b) administering light radiation having a peak wavelength of 550 to 1000 nm, which activates cytochrome C oxidase, to cells in the external skin and/or the hair of the subject, wherein the light radiation is administered to cells in the external skin and/or hair of the subject at a dose of from 1 to 30 J/cm.sup.2, wherein the light radiation exhibiting the peak wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase is emitted by at least one device selected from the group consisting of a device emitting white light in combination with a specific filter which allows the light radiation exhibiting the peak wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase to pass, lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL) source, and light emitting diodes (LEDs).

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light radiation exhibiting the peak wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase is administered to cells in the external skin and/or hair at a dose ranging from 5 to 30 J/cm.sup.2.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the light radiation emitted by the device for activating cytochrome C oxidase has a peak wavelength of 620 to 700 nm.

4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising administering a compound to the external skin and/or the hair that emits light radiation exhibiting a peak wavelength ranging from 620to 700 nm in response to receiving visible and/or ultraviolet light or filters visible and/or ultraviolet light to emit light radiation exhibiting a peak wavelength ranging from 620to 700nm, wherein the compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of red-coloured anthocyanin, polyphenol, lycopene, brazilein, annatto extract, madder, red pigment, a complex of iron(III) with salicylic acid, octopirox, thiocyanate, a red phosphorescent substance, and a red fluorescent substance.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the compound is present in a composition in a content ranging from 0.01 to 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the compound is present in a composition which further comprises the cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or at least one agent which increases the expression of the substrate.

7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the compound is present in a first composition and the cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or at least one agent which increases the expression of the substrate is present in a second composition.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cytochrome C oxidase substrate is at least one selected from the group consisting of cytochrome C, cytochrome C1, cytochrome C2 and cytochrome C3.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cytochrome C oxidase substrate and/or the agent which increases the expression of the substrate is formulated in a composition suitable for topical administration to the skin.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cytochrome C oxidase substrate is present in a composition in a content ranging from 0.001to 20% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the agent which increases the expression of the cytochrome C oxidase substrate is present in a composition in a content ranging from 0.001to 30% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the composition.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the device is a device emitting white light in combination with a specific filter which allows the light radiation exhibiting the peak wavelength which activates cytochrome C oxidase to pass.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the device is a laser.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the device is an IPL source.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the device is a LED.

Description

(1) The invention will now be illustrated by the following nonlimiting examples.

(2) FIG. 1: set-up of the in vitro test on the activation of cytochrome C oxidase by red light.

(3) FIG. 2: red limit emission spectrum used in the examples.

EXAMPLE 1

Activation of Cytochrome C Oxidase by a Specific Light Radiation (Emission Spectrum of Red Light)

(4) The following example measures the stimulating effect of a light radiation exhibiting a predominant wavelength ranging from 550 to 800 nm, in particular from 620 to 700 nm, on the activity of cytochrome C oxidase.

(5) The exposure of this enzyme to the said light radiation stimulates the production of molecules of ATP and of water according to the following chemical reaction:

(6) ##STR00003##
Description of the Protocol

(7) General principle: the principle of these studies is to compare the activity of cytochrome C oxidase with or without prior exposure to a light radiation exhibiting a wavelength ranging from 620 to 700 nm.

(8) Equipment and Reagents

(9) light source, with optical fibre (internal diameter 3 mm) and IL-1700 photometer +SED 033 probe (#6600): produces a light radiation, the emission spectrum of which is presented in FIG. 2; cytochrome C (0.22 mM) and cytochrome C oxidase (0.32 U/ml): Cytocoxl kit from Sigma.

(10) The reduction of the protein takes place by addition of the 0.1M DTT (dithiothreitol) solution, i.e. a final concentration of 0.5 mM.

(11) The absorbance is measured at 550 nm and at 565 nm: the A550/A565 ratio has to be between 10 and 20 (controls the conformity of the starting solutions).

(12) Mode of Exposure of the Enzymes

(13) The enzyme (dehydrated powder form or enzyme solution) is placed in a conical Eppendorf tube. The amount is adjusted so that the enzymes in their entirety are subjected to the light radiation (wavelengths of between 620 and 700 nm) by an optical fibre with a diameter of 3 mm. Exposure to light is continuous and the energy provided by the light is 0.45 mW/cm.sup.2 (see FIG. 1: set-up diagram, and FIG. 2: emission spectrum of the red light used in the tests).

(14) The Eppendorf tubes are placed in an ice bath throughout the duration of the exposure in order to avoid an effect of the temperature. The control enzyme (not exposed to the said light radiation) is prepared at the same time and in the same way and is protected from the said light radiation by a backing which prevents external light from making a contribution (aluminium paper).
The cytochrome C oxidase is exposed to the light radiation (duration of 30 to 90 min), i.e. an equivalent dose of between 0.8 joule/cm.sup.2 and 2.4 joule/cm.sup.2, in solution at a concentration of 0.15 U/ml in a Tris-HCl, pH 7, buffer comprising 0.5 mM of sucrose.
After exposure, the cytochrome C oxidase is incubated with its substrate, ferrocytochrome C Fe.sup.2+, in a mixture comprising 10 mM of Tris-HCl, pH 7, and 120 mM of KCl.
The activity of the enzyme is evaluated from the beginning of the reaction.
Measurement of Activity of the Enzyme

(15) The absorption of cytochrome C at 550 nm varies with its oxidation state.

(16) This property forms the basis of our measurement test. Cytochrome C is reduced with dithiothreitol and reoxidized with cytochrome C oxidase.

(17) 125 μl are placed in Eppendorf tubes for the control and 125 μl are placed in Eppendorf tubes for the test sample.

(18) The test sample is then placed under light radiation for a duration of 90 minutes.

(19) The variation in the absorbance A550/min is then measured.

(20) The enzymatic activity is then calculated according to the following formula:
U/ml=(dA/min×dil×1.1)/(vol of enzyme)×21.84).

(21) The light radiation emitting a predominant wavelength in the red significantly stimulates the activity of cytochrome C oxidase (+33%) for an irradiation time of 90 min, i.e. a dose equivalent to 2.4 joule/cm.sup.2.

EXAMPLE 2

Formulation Examples

(22) Compositions Combined with a Device

(23) The formulations described below will be applied to the face or to the body immediately before prolonged exposure (30 min to 1 h 30) to a light radiation exhibiting at least one predominant wavelength ranging from 550 to 1000 nm, preferably from 620 to 700 nm. Use will be made, for example, of a device of Omnilux™ system type (633 nm) from Photo Therapeutics Ltd or a device of Lightwave™ system type (630 nm and 880 nm) from Opusmed Inc.

(24) TABLE-US-00001 Care cream for the skin: oil-in-water emulsion Ammonium polyacryldimethyltauramide 1.00% (Hostacerin AMPS from Clariant) Cyclohexasiloxane  5.0% Glycerol 1.70% Stearyl alcohol 0.30% Glyceryl stearate/PEG-100 stearate 0.70% Dimyristyl tartrate/cetearyl alcohol/C12-15 0.50% pareth-7/PPG-25 laureth-25 Xanthan gum 0.20% Cytochrome C  0.5% Preservatives 0.50% Water q.s. for 100

(25) TABLE-US-00002 Care cream for the skin: oil-in-water emulsion Ammonium polyacryldimethyltauramide 1.00% (Hostacerin AMPS from Clariant) Cyclohexasiloxane  5.0% Glycerol 1.70% Stearyl alcohol 0.30% Glyceryl stearate/PEG-100 stearate 0.70% Dimyristyl tartrate/cetearyl alcohol/C12-15 0.50% pareth-7/PPG-25 laureth-25 Xanthan gum 0.20% Cytochrome C (as active material) 0.0175%  Preservatives 0.50% Water q.s. for 100
Iontophoretic Patch

(26) According to another embodiment, a commercial reference patch Iontopatch™ (Travanti Pharma, Mendota Heights, Minn., USA) is applied to an area treated beforehand with one of the above creams.

(27) It is subsequently connected to an electric current for delivering a galvanic current generated by a difference in potential of 1 V and comprising two electrodes, a Zn anode and an AgCl cathode, and is exposed to a light radiation exhibiting at least one predominant wavelength ranging from 550 to 1000 nm.
This treatment is carried out at the rate of once daily for 30 to 45 minutes.
Red mask (1)
Oily phase:

(28) TABLE-US-00003 Octyldodecanol 6% Apricot kernel oil 6% Triglycerides 5% Kaolin 3% Cetyl alcohol 2% Vitamin E acetate 0.5%   Hydrogenated palm oil 6% Liquid fraction of shea butter 5%
Aqueous phase:

(29) TABLE-US-00004 Xanthan gum 0.4% Sucrose cocoate/sorbitan stearate 5.5% (mixture sold by ICL under the name Arlaton 21121) Glycerol   3% Dipyridamole 0.30%  Ethanol   5% Cytochrome C 0.1% Delphinidin 0.4% Fragrance 0.3% Preservative q.s. Water q.s. for 100
Red mask (2)
Oily phase:

(30) TABLE-US-00005 Octyldodecanol 6% Apricot kernel oil 6% Triglycerides 5% Kaolin 3% Cetyl alcohol 2% Vitamin E acetate 0.5%   Hydrogenated palm oil 6% Liquid fraction of shea butter 5%
Aqueous phase:

(31) TABLE-US-00006 Xanthan gum 0.4% Sucrose cocoate/sorbitan stearate 5.5% (mixture sold by ICL under the name Arlaton 21121) Glycerol   3% Dipyridamole 0.30%  Ethanol   5% Cytochrome C (as active material) 0.00002%   Delphinidin 0.4% Fragrance 0.3% Preservative q.s. Water q.s. for 100

(32) The mask is applied to the areas of the skin to be treated and then the subject is placed under a source of white light (natural or electrical) for from 45 minutes to 1 hour.