METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CANCELLING NOISE FOR 2-WIRE TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of cancelling noise present in a data signal received on an electrical bifilar line (L), implemented by a sender-receiver device (M) comprising a first transformer (TD), termed the differential mode circuit, comprising a primary side (TDp) and a secondary side (TDs), the primary side being connected by two wires to the bifilar line, a second transformer (TC), termed the common mode circuit, comprising a primary side (TCp) and a secondary side (TCs), the primary side being connected by a wire (c) to the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit, and to an earth by another wire, the method comprising the following steps during an adjustment phase: obtaining a first value of voltage on the bifilar line, termed the differential mode voltage; obtaining a second value of voltage corresponding to a voltage at the level of the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit, termed the image voltage of the common mode, resulting from said differential mode voltage; calculating the ratio between the second value and the first value, termed the noise conversion ratio; and the method comprising the following steps during a cancellation phase, subsequent to the adjustment phase; receiving the data signal originating from the bifilar line; simultaneously with the receiving step, obtaining a third value corresponding to the voltage at the level of the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit; cancelling the noise in the data signal, by subtracting an estimation of the noise, the estimation being calculated by dividing the third value by said conversion ratio.

Claims

1. A method of canceling a noise present in a data signal received on an electric 2-wire line (L), implemented by a transceiver device (M) including: a first transformer (TD), called a differential mode circuit, including a primary side (TDp) and a secondary side (TDs), the primary side being connected by two wires to the 2-wire line; a second transformer (TC), called a common mode circuit, including a primary side (TCp) and a secondary side (TCs), the primary side being connected by a wire (c) to the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit, and to a ground by another wire; the method including the following steps during an adjustment stage (PhR): obtaining (E3) a first voltage value (Vmd) on the 2-wire line, called a differential mode voltage; obtaining (E4) a second voltage value (Vmd′) corresponding to a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit, called a common mode image voltage, resulting from said differential mode voltage; calculating (E5) the ratio (Rn) between the second value and the first value, called a noise conversion ratio; and the method including the following steps during a cancellation stage (PhA), subsequent to the adjustment stage: receiving (F1) the data signal from the 2-wire line; at the same time as the receiving step, obtaining (F2) a third voltage value (Vmd″) corresponding to the voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit; canceling (F3, F4) the noise in the data signal, by subtracting (F4) an estimate of the noise (Bn′), the estimate being calculated by dividing (F3) the third value by said conversion ratio.

2. The method of cancellation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps of obtaining (E3, E4), in the adjustment stage, are preceded by the following steps: generating (E1) a known adjustment signal (Bn), via the transceiver device; sending (E2) the known adjustment signal to the differential mode circuit (TD) or to the common mode circuit (TC).

3. The method of cancellation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the known adjustment signal (Bn) is sent to the differential mode circuit (TD).

4. The method of cancellation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the known adjustment signal (Bn) is sent to the common mode circuit (TC).

5. The method of cancellation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first value (Vmd) is obtained by measuring at the two wires of one of the sides (TDp, TDs) of the differential mode circuit (TD), and wherein the second value (Vmd′) is obtained by measuring at the two wires of one of the sides (TCp, TCs) of the common mode circuit (TC).

6. A transceiver device capable of sending and receiving an electrical signal on a 2-wire line (L), including: a first transformer (TD), called a differential mode circuit, including a primary side (TDp) and a secondary side (TDs), the primary side being connected by two wires to the 2-wire line; a second transformer (TC), called a common mode circuit, including a primary side (TCp) and a secondary side (TCs), the primary side being connected by a wire (c) to the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit, and to a ground by another wire; further including the following modules: module (150) for obtaining a voltage value (Vmd) on the 2-wire line, called a differential mode voltage; module (155) for obtaining a voltage value (Vmd′, Vmd″) corresponding to a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit, called a common mode image voltage; module (160) for calculating the ratio (Rn) between the common mode image voltage and the differential mode voltage, called a noise conversion ratio; module (165) for receiving a data signal from the 2-wire line; module (170, 175) for canceling the noise in the data signal, by subtracting an estimate of the noise, the estimate being calculated by dividing a common mode image voltage value (Vmd″) by said conversion ratio (Rn).

7. The transceiver device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the primary side (TCp) of the common mode circuit is connected by the wire (c) to the midpoint (m) of the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit.

8. The transceiver device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the primary side (TCp) of the common mode circuit is connected by the wire (c) to a bridge of high impedance resistors (r), the bridge being connected to each of the two wires of the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit.

9. The transceiver device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the primary side (TCp) of the common mode circuit is connected by the wire (c) to a current probe (s) positioned around the two wires of the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit.

10. A computer program, characterized in that it includes instructions for implementing steps of a noise cancellation method, when executed by a processor, the noise cancellation method for canceling a noise present in a data signal received on an electric 2-wire line (L), implemented by a transceiver device (M) including: a first transformer (TD), called a differential mode circuit, including a primary side (TDp) and a secondary side (TDs), the primary side being connected by two wires to the 2-wire line; a second transformer (TC), called a common mode circuit, including a primary side (TCp) and a secondary side (TCs), the primary side being connected by a wire (c) to the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit, and to a ground by another wire; the method including the following steps during an adjustment stage (PhR): obtaining (E3) a first voltage value (Vmd) on the 2-wire line, called a differential mode voltage; obtaining (E4) a second voltage value (Vmd′) corresponding to a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit, called a common mode image voltage, resulting from said differential mode voltage; calculating (E5) the ratio (Rn) between the second value and the first value, called a noise conversion ratio; and the method including the following steps during a cancellation stage (PhA), subsequent to the adjustment stage: receiving (F1) the data signal from the 2-wire line; at the same time as the receiving step, obtaining (F2) a third voltage value (Vmd″) corresponding to the voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit; canceling (F3, F4) the noise in the data signal, by subtracting (F4) an estimate of the noise (Bn′), the estimate being calculated by dividing (F3) the third value by said conversion ratio.

11. A recording medium that can be read by a transceiver device for an electrical signal, on which a computer program is recorded, the computer program characterized in that it includes instructions for implementing steps of a noise cancellation method, when executed by a processor, the noise cancellation method for canceling a noise present in a data signal received on an electric 2-wire line (L), implemented by a transceiver device (M) including: a first transformer (TD), called a differential mode circuit, including a primary side (TDp) and a secondary side (TDs), the primary side being connected by two wires to the 2-wire line; a second transformer (TC), called a common mode circuit, including a primary side (TCp) and a secondary side (TCs), the primary side being connected by a wire (c) to the primary side (TDp) of the differential mode circuit, and to a ground by another wire; the method including the following steps during an adjustment stage (PhR): obtaining (E3) a first voltage value (Vmd) on the 2-wire line, called a differential mode voltage; obtaining (E4) a second voltage value (Vmd′) corresponding to a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit, called a common mode image voltage, resulting from said differential mode voltage; calculating (E5) the ratio (Rn) between the second value and the first value, called a noise conversion ratio; and the method including the following steps during a cancellation stage (PhA), subsequent to the adjustment stage: receiving (F1) the data signal from the 2-wire line; at the same time as the receiving step, obtaining (F2) a third voltage value (Vmd″) corresponding to the voltage at the two wires of the secondary side of the common mode circuit; canceling (F3, F4) the noise in the data signal, by subtracting (F4) an estimate of the noise (Bn′), the estimate being calculated by dividing (F3) the third value by said conversion ratio.

Description

4. PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES

[0052] Other advantages and features of the invention will emerge more clearly upon reading the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, given by way of simple illustrative and non-limiting example, and the appended drawings, wherein:

[0053] FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a transceiver device example implementing the method of canceling a noise present in a data signal received on a 2-wire line, according to the invention,

[0054] FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c show an example of implementing the differential mode circuit included in the transceiver device, according to a first, a second and a third embodiment of the connection between the common mode circuit and the differential mode circuit, according to the invention,

[0055] FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of implementing the steps of the method of canceling a noise present in a data signal received on an electric 2-wire line, according to one aspect of the invention.

[0056] FIG. 4 shows a structure example of the transceiver device, according to one aspect of the invention.

5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0057] The remainder of the description presents examples of several embodiments of the invention based on a DSL 2-wire transmission system, but the invention is also used for other systems, such as a PLT system.

[0058] FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a transceiver device example implementing the method of canceling a noise present in a data signal received on a 2-wire line, according to the invention.

[0059] The device M, which can be a modem, includes a first current transformer TD, and a second current transformer TC. Each of these transformers is connected to a processing unit 100, also called a “chipset”, which unit is also included in the modem M.

[0060] Like any transformer, the first transformer TD includes a primary side TDp and a secondary side TDs, galvanically isolated from each other. This isolation makes it possible to protect the secondary side TDs, connected to the chipset 100, from any overvoltage affecting the primary side TDp, in particular through the 2-wire line L to which the primary side TDp of the first transformer TD is connected.

[0061] Likewise, the second transformer TC includes a primary side TCp and a secondary side TCs, galvanically isolated from each other in order to protect the secondary side TCs, also connected to the chipset 100, from any overvoltage which may affect the primary side TCp, through the primary side TDp of the first transformer TD, to which the primary side TCp of the second transformer TC is connected, via the connection c.

[0062] When a voltage exists between the two wires of the primary side of a transformer, a proportional voltage is induced between the two wires of the secondary side, and vice versa.

[0063] Thus, when a voltage difference exists between the two wires of the 2-wire line L, a voltage Vmd, called a differential mode voltage, is induced between the two wires of the secondary side TDs of the first transformer TD. It is for this reason that the first transformer TD is also called a “differential mode circuit”.

[0064] Thanks to the connection c between the second transformer TC and the first transformer TD, when a voltage Vmc, called a common mode voltage, exists between the ground and the first transformer TD, this results in a voltage Vmd′ at the secondary side TCs of the second transformer TC. It is for this reason that the second transformer TC is also called a “common mode circuit”.

[0065] It is understood that, thanks to the arrangement, in the modem M, of the differential mode circuit TD, of the common mode circuit TC and of the chipset 100, the voltages Vmd and Vmd′ can be measured at any time by the chipset 100.

[0066] In order for the modem M to be able to receive and send signals on the 2-wire line L, the chipset 100 includes a receiving module and a sending module, which are connected to the differential mode circuit TD. In order to be able to measure a common mode noise, the chipset also includes a receiving module connected to the common mode circuit TC. The chipset 100 also includes other modules which will be described with respect to FIG. 4.

[0067] FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c show an example of implementing the differential mode circuit included in the transceiver device, according to a first, a second and a third embodiment of the connection between the common mode circuit and the differential mode circuit, according to the invention.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 2a, in the first embodiment, the primary side TCp of the common mode circuit TC is connected by the wire c, i.e. the wire which is not connected to the ground, to the midpoint of the primary side TDp of the differential mode circuit TD.

[0069] The advantage of this embodiment is that no additional electronic component is required to connect the common mode circuit to the differential mode circuit. A simple electrical connection is sufficient.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 2b, in the second embodiment, the primary side TCp of the common mode circuit TC is connected by the wire c to a bridge of high impedance resistors, each resistor r being, for example, approximately 10 kOhms, the bridge being connected to each of the two wires of the primary side TDp of the differential mode circuit TD.

[0071] This is an alternative when it is not possible to connect the midpoint of the primary side TDp of the differential mode circuit TD.

[0072] As illustrated in FIG. 2c, in the third embodiment, the primary side TCp of the common mode circuit TC is connected by the wire c to a current probe s, positioned around the two wires of the primary side TDp of the differential mode circuit TD.

[0073] This is another alternative when it is not possible to connect the midpoint of the primary side TDp of the differential mode circuit TD.

[0074] FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of implementing the steps of the method of canceling a noise present in a data signal received on an electric 2-wire line, according to one aspect of the invention.

[0075] The method includes two stages separated temporally: an adjustment stage PhR, during which a conversion ratio is calculated, and a noise cancellation stage PhA proper, using the calculated conversion ratio to estimate the noise to be subtracted from a received data signal.

[0076] The adjustment stage PhR can be carried out in several embodiments.

[0077] In a first embodiment of the method for noise cancellation according to the invention, the adjustment stage PhR includes the steps E1-E5.

[0078] During a step E1, the chipset 100 of the modem generates an adjustment signal Bn with an energy and in a frequency band which are known.

[0079] During a step E2, the known adjustment signal Bn is sent from the chipset 100 to the differential mode circuit TD, and therefore to the 2-wire line L. This adjustment signal must therefore not present, for the 2-wire line L and the equipment connected thereto at the distant end, interference which could hamper the provision of services to users.

[0080] During a step E3, a voltage value on the 2-wire line, called a differential mode voltage Vmd, is obtained, by simple knowledge of the adjustment signal Bn by the chipset 100 which sent it. Alternatively, the value can be obtained by measuring this voltage between the two wires of the secondary side TDs of the differential mode circuit TD. Since the electrical continuity of these wires extends into the chipset 100, the measurement can also be performed at the chipset 100.

[0081] This differential mode voltage Vmd results in a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side TCs of the common mode circuit TC, called a common mode image voltage Vmd'.

[0082] During a step E4, the value of the common mode image voltage Vmd′ is obtained. Since the electrical continuity of the wires of the secondary side TCs extends into the chipset 100, this value can be obtained by measuring the voltage between these wires at the chipset 100.

[0083] During a step E5, the ratio is calculated between the second value, i.e. the common mode image voltage Vmd′, and the first value, i.e. the differential mode voltage Vmd. This ratio is called a noise conversion ratio Rn.

[0084] In a second embodiment of the method for noise cancellation according to the invention, the steps E1 and E2 are not carried out. If an ambient noise Ba exists naturally on the 2-wire line L, it may be sufficiently energetic to make the generation of an adjustment signal Bn by the chipset, in the frequency bands used, useless or impossible. In this case, the value of the differential mode voltage Vmd of the step E3 is obtained by measuring the voltage between the two wires of the secondary side TDs of the differential mode circuit TD. The steps E4 and E5 are carried out in an identical manner to the first embodiment of the method. The energy of the ambient noise Ba can be measured periodically by the chipset which decides whether the steps E1 and E2 are carried out or not depending on a threshold being exceeded.

[0085] It is possible and advantageous, in some cases, to combine the first and the second embodiment of the noise cancellation method. Indeed, the characteristics of the ambient noise are random and the ambient noise does not necessarily have sufficient energy in all the frequency bands used, for which the noise conversion ratio Rn cannot therefore be reliably estimated. The execution of the method according to the first embodiment with an adjustment signal Bn in these frequency bands, in addition to the second embodiment using the ambient noise Ba, can then compensate for this shortcoming.

[0086] In a third embodiment of the method for noise cancellation according to the invention, the adjustment signal Bn is sent from the chipset 100 to the common mode circuit TC, and not to the differential mode circuit TD. This can be advantageous if it is necessary to prevent the adjustment signal Bn from being sent on the 2-wire line L, or when the ambient noise Ba already present on the line cannot be used by the second embodiment of the method, for example as it is too random.

[0087] This third embodiment requires that the chipset 100 includes a sending module, connected to the common mode circuit TC, in addition to the receiving module already mentioned, such that the adjustment signal Bn can be sent from the chipset 100 to the common mode circuit TC.

[0088] In this alternative, the steps E2, E3 and E4 are replaced by steps E2′, E3′ and E4′, respectively.

[0089] During the step E2′, the adjustment signal Bn is sent from the chipset 100 to the common mode circuit TC.

[0090] This adjustment signal Bn results in a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side TDs of the differential mode circuit TD, called a differential mode voltage Vmd.

[0091] During a step E3′, a voltage value on the 2-wire line, called a differential mode voltage Vmd, is obtained, by measuring this voltage between the two wires of the secondary side TDs of the differential mode circuit TD. Since the electrical continuity of these wires extends into the chipset 100, the measurement can also be performed at the chipset 100.

[0092] During a step E4′, the value of the common mode image voltage Vmd′ is obtained, by simple knowledge of the adjustment signal Bn by the chipset 100 which sent it. Alternatively, the value can be obtained by measuring this voltage between the two wires of the secondary side TCs of the differential mode circuit TC. Since the electrical continuity of the wires of the secondary side TCs extends into the chipset 100, this measurement can be carried out at the chipset 100.

[0093] In the first and the second embodiments described above, all of the steps are repeated iteratively as many times as there are frequency bands used in the data signals transmitted on the line L. An adjustment signal Bn corresponds to each frequency band, as does a noise conversion ratio Rn, with n ranging from 1 to the number of frequency bands.

[0094] The noise cancellation stage PhA includes the steps F1-F4, and uses the same adjustment signal Bn frequency bands and the same noise conversion ratios Rn as the adjustment stage immediately preceding the noise cancellation stage.

[0095] During a step F1, a data signal is received by the modem M from the 2-wire line L. This signal passes through the differential mode circuit TD in order to arrive in the chipset 100.

[0096] During a step F2 which is simultaneous with the step F1, a value of the common mode image voltage Vmd″ is obtained by measuring this voltage between the two wires of the secondary side TCs of the common mode circuit TC. Since the electrical continuity of these wires extends into the chipset 100, the measurement can also be performed at the chipset 100.

[0097] During a step F3, a noise Bn′ is estimated by dividing the voltage Vmd″ by the conversion ratio Rn.

[0098] Finally, during a step F4, the noise in the received data signal is canceled by subtracting the estimated noise Bn′.

[0099] It is understood that the correct operation of the noise cancellation stage, i.e. the absence of noise in the data signal received after carrying out the method, is dependent upon on the quality of the conversion ratio Rn calculated during the adjustment stage. The adjustment stage must therefore be repeated if the electromagnetic environment conditions of the line change, and especially if the line becomes unstable, i.e. if transmission errors or synchronization losses occur, or if no data signal is received for an abnormally long period. The manner of detecting these phenomena is known.

[0100] With respect to FIG. 4, a structure example for the transceiver device, according to one aspect of the invention, is now presented.

[0101] The transceiver device M, or modem M, implements the noise cancellation method, various embodiments of which have just been described. Such a modem M can be, for example, a xDSL modem operating for a 2-wire transmission system using any type of DSL technique (ADSL, VDSL, etc.).

[0102] FIG. 1 has already shown that the modem M includes a differential mode circuit TD, a common mode circuit TC, and a processing unit 100, or chipset 100, and the manner in which these components can be connected to one another inside the modem M.

[0103] For example, the chipset 100 includes a processing unit 130, provided, for example, with a microprocessor μP, and controlled by a computer program 110, which program is stored in a memory 120 and implements the noise cancellation method according to the invention. At initialization, the code instructions of the computer program 110 are, for example, loaded into a RAM memory, before being executed by the processor of the processing unit 130.

[0104] Such a chipset 100 includes: [0105] an obtaining module 150, capable of obtaining a voltage value on the 2-wire line L, corresponding to a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side TDs of the differential mode circuit TD, called a differential mode voltage Vmd; [0106] an obtaining module 155, capable of obtaining a voltage value corresponding to a voltage at the two wires of the secondary side TCs of the common mode circuit TC, called a common mode image voltage, Vmd′ or Vmd″; [0107] a calculating module 160, capable of calculating a ratio between the value of the common mode image voltage Vmd′, and the value of the differential mode voltage Vmd, said ratio being called a conversion ratio Rn; [0108] a receiving module 165, capable of receiving a data signal from the 2-wire line L, through the differential mode circuit TD; [0109] a noise estimating module 170, capable of estimating a noise Bn′ by calculating a division of a value of the common mode image voltage Vmd″ by the conversion ratio Rn; [0110] a noise cancellation module 175, capable of canceling the noise in the data signal by subtracting therefrom the estimate of the noise Bn′.

[0111] Advantageously, the chipset 100 can also include: [0112] a signal generating module 140, capable of generating an adjustment signal Bn of predetermined and known characteristics; [0113] a module 145 for sending the adjustment signal, capable of sending the adjustment signal Bn to the differential mode circuit TD; [0114] a module 146 for sending the adjustment signal, capable of sending the adjustment signal Bn to the common mode circuit TC.

[0115] The modules described with respect to FIG. 4 can be hardware or software modules.

[0116] The exemplary embodiments of the invention which have just been presented are only some of the possible embodiments.