Compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and an organic acid and composition and use thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid or a solvate thereof, and use thereof in preparing novel feed additives and feed; the present invention also discloses a composition comprising the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid or the solvate thereof. The polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid or the solvate thereof provided by the present invention has improvement effect on animal product performance such as improving animal weight gain and reducing feed conversion ratio, showing effects similar to or higher than that of sodium N,N-dimethylglycinate.

Claims

1. A polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and an organic acid, comprising an N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, a polyvalent metal ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and an organic acid ion, wherein the organic acid ion is acceptable for a feed for an animal, and wherein the amount of the organic acid ion is such that the polyvalent metal ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the polyvalent metal ion and the organic acid ion exhibits an electron neutral status.

2. The polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that, the polyvalent metal ion is a divalent metal ion.

3. The polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid according to claim 2, characterized in that, the divalent metal ion is Ca(II), Mg(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) or Ni(II).

4. The polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that, the organic acid is benzoic acid, p-toluic acid or fumaric acid.

5. The polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid according to claim 1, characterized in that, the polyvalent metal ion compound salt is selected from: I. a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid comprising the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, Ca(II) ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and benzoate ion, wherein the amount of the benzoate ion is such that the Ca(II) ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the Ca(II) ion and the benzoate ion exhibits an electron neutral status; II. a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid comprising the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, Ca(II) ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and fumarate ion, wherein the amount of the fumarate ion is such that the Ca(II) ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the Ca(II) ion and the fumarate ion exhibits an electron neutral status; III. a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid comprising the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, Cu(II) ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and benzoate ion, wherein the amount of the benzoate ion is such that the Cu(II) ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the Cu(II) ion and the benzoate ion exhibits an electron neutral status; IV. a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid comprising the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, Cu(II) ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and fumarate ion, wherein the amount of the fumarate ion is such that the Cu(II) ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the Cu(II) ion and the fumarate ion exhibits an electron neutral status; V. a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid comprising the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, Zn(II) ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and benzoate ion, wherein the amount of the benzoate ion is such that the Zn(II) ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the Zn(II) ion and the benzoate ion exhibits an electron neutral status; or VI. a polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid comprising the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, Zn(II) ion in an amount equimolar to the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, and fumarate ion, wherein the amount of the fumarate ion is such that the Zn(II) ion compound salt that comprises the N,N-dimethylglycinate ion, the Zn(II) ion and the fumarate ion exhibits an electron neutral status.

6. A feed composition, comprising at least one of the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid of claim 1 or a solvate thereof and an auxiliary material usable for feed.

7. The feed composition according to claim 6, further comprising an additional animal feed additive, wherein the additional animal feed additive is a nutritional feed additive, a general feed additive or a medicinal feed additive, and wherein the general feed additive is selected from growth promoters, deworming agents, flavoring, attractants, feed conditioning agents, feed conditioners, feed preservatives, and Chinese herbal medicine additives.

8. The feed composition according to claim 6, further comprising a feed raw material, wherein the feed raw material is selected from animal, plant, microbial and mineral non-feed-additive substances that are usable for preparing feed.

9. A method of preparing an animal feed additive comprising mixing the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid of claim 1 or a solvate thereof with an auxiliary material usable for feed.

10. A method of preparing an animal feed comprising mixing the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid of claim 1 or a solvate thereof with an auxiliary material usable for feed.

11. A method of preparing an animal feed additive comprising mixing the feed composition of claim 6 with an additional animal feed additive, wherein the additional animal feed additive is a nutritional feed additive, a general feed additive or a medicinal feed additive, and wherein the general feed additive is selected from growth promoters, deworming agents, flavoring, attractants, feed conditioning agents, feed conditioners, feed preservatives, and Chinese herbal medicine additives.

12. A method of preparing an animal feed comprising mixing the feed composition of claim 6 with an additional animal feed additive, wherein the additional animal feed additive is a nutritional feed additive, a general feed additive or a medicinal feed additive, and wherein the general feed additive is selected from growth promoters, deworming agents, flavoring, attractants, feed conditioning agents, feed conditioners, feed preservatives, and Chinese herbal medicine additives.

13. A feed composition, comprising at least one of the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid of claim 5 or a solvate thereof and an auxiliary material usable for feed.

14. A method of preparing an animal feed additive comprising mixing the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid of claim 5 or a solvate thereof with an auxiliary material usable for feed.

15. A method of preparing an animal feed comprising mixing the polyvalent metal ion compound salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and the organic acid of claim 5 or a solvate thereof with an auxiliary material usable for feed.

16. The feed composition according to claim 7, further comprising a feed raw material, wherein the feed raw material is selected from animal, plant, microbial and mineral non-feed-additive substances that are usable for preparing feed.

17. A method of preparing an animal feed additive comprising mixing the feed composition of claim 7 with a feed raw material, wherein the feed raw material is selected from animal, plant, microbial and mineral non-feed-additive substances that are usable for preparing feed.

18. A method of preparing an animal feed comprising mixing the feed composition of claim 7 with a feed raw material, wherein the feed raw material is selected from animal, plant, microbial and mineral non-feed-additive substances that are usable for preparing feed.

19. A method of preparing an animal feed additive comprising mixing the feed composition of claim 8 with an additional animal feed additive, wherein the additional animal feed additive is a nutritional feed additive, a general feed additive or a medicinal feed additive, and wherein the general feed additive is selected from growth promoters, deworming agents, flavoring, attractants, feed conditioning agents, feed conditioners, feed preservatives, and Chinese herbal medicine additives.

20. A method of preparing an animal feed comprising mixing the feed composition of claim 8 with an additional animal feed additive, wherein the additional animal feed additive is a nutritional feed additive, a general feed additive or a medicinal feed additive, and wherein the general feed additive is selected from growth promoters, deworming agents, flavoring, attractants, feed conditioning agents, feed conditioners, feed preservatives, and Chinese herbal medicine additives.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The FIGURE is a flow chart for the preparation of a hybrid pellet feed additive, wherein * represents a key control point.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

(2) In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the compounds, compositions, and applications of the present invention are further described in detail through the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention but are not intended to limit the present invention.

I. Preparation of Polyvalent Metal Ion Compound Salts of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Organic Acid

Embodiment 1

(3) Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, having the following chemical formula:

(4) ##STR00001##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride (referred to as DMG hydrochloride) and 350 mL of absolute ethanol were successively added into a 1 L three-neck flask with vigorous stirring at room temperature to give a uniform suspension. 8.2 g of solid sodium hydroxide was added into the reaction system in batches (1 g×8, 205.0 mmol, 1.02 eq) with heat releasing, and the reaction system was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. 25.0 g (204.7 mmol, 1.02 eq) of acicular crystalline solid benzoic acid was added with vigorous stirring at room temperature to give a uniform dispersion. 15.0 g (202.45 mmol, 1.01 eq) of powdery calcium hydroxide was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour to give a white viscous reaction mixture. 80 mL of absolute ethanol was added into the reaction system, which was then stirred vigorously for 3 hours to give a white suspension. The white suspension was subjected to suction filtration, and the cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 110° C. overnight to give the product as off-white powders. The yield was 35.4 g (67.1%). .sup.1HNMR (400 MHz, D.sub.2O): δ(ppm) 2.13 (s, 6H), 2.82 (s, 2H), 7.27-7.39 (m, 3H), 8.01-8.03 (m, 2H).

Embodiment 2

(5) Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and sulfuric acid, having the following chemical formula:

(6) ##STR00002##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride and 300 mL of absolute ethanol were successively added into a 1 L three-neck flask with vigorous stirring at room temperature to give a uniform suspension. 8.2 g of solid sodium hydroxide was added into the reaction system in batches (1 g×8, 205.0 mmol, 1.02 eq) with heat releasing, and the reaction system was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. The reaction solution was cooled to −20° C. 9.84 g (100.30 mmol, 0.50 eq) of concentrated sulfuric acid was added dropwise into the reaction mixture with vigorous stirring. After the temperature of the reaction solution rose to room temperature, 15.0 g (202.45 mmol, 1.01 eq) of powdery calcium hydroxide was added and the resulting mixture was stirred for 1 hour to give a milky viscous reaction mixture. Absolute ethanol 80 mL was added into the reaction system, which was then stirred vigorously for 3 hours to give a white suspension. The white suspension was subjected to suction filtration, and the cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 110° C. overnight to give the product as white powders. The yield was 23.36 g (83.671%).

Embodiment 3

(7) Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and phosphoric acid, having the following chemical formula:

(8) ##STR00003##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of DMG hydrochloride was added into 300 mL of absolute ethanol, then 8.02 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid NaOH was added under vigorous stirring with severe heat releasing. 7.86 g (68.20 mmol, 0.34 eq) of 85% phosphoric acid was added dropwise, followed by the addition of 15.00 g (202.45 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid Ca(OH).sub.2, and then the reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to give a milky solution. 100 mL of absolute ethanol was added to the milky solution. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours and then subjected to suction filtration to give filter cake as white solid. The cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 50° C. overnight to give the product as white solid. The yield was 27.58 g (77.53%).

Embodiment 4

(9) Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, having the following chemical formula:

(10) ##STR00004##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of DMG hydrochloride was added into 300 mL of absolute ethanol, then 8.02 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid NaOH was added with vigorous stirring and severe heat releasing. 11.64 g (100.30 mmol, 0.50 eq) of fumaric acid and 15.00 g (202.45 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid Ca(OH).sub.2 were successively added at room temperature into the reaction mixture, which was then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to give a milky solution. 100 mL of absolute ethanol was added to the milky solution. The resulting mixture was stirred for 3 hours and then subjected to suction filtration to give filter cake as white solid. The filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 50° C. overnight to give the product as white solid. The yield was 27.66 g (69.21%). .sup.1HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ (ppm) 2.22 (s, 6H), 2.97 (s, 2H), 6.50 (s, 2H).

Embodiment 5

(11) Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and tetradecanoic acid, having the following chemical formula:

(12) ##STR00005##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of DMG hydrochloride was added into 300 mL of absolute ethanol, then 8 g (200.01 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid NaOH was added with vigorous stirring and severe heat releasing. At room temperature, the solution was further stirred for 0.5 hour and then 45.81 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of tetradecanoic acid and 15.00 g (202.45 mmol, 1.01 eq) of solid Ca(OH).sub.2 were successively added into the reaction solution. The resulting reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to give a milky solution. 100 mL of absolute ethanol was added to the milky solution and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours and then subjected to suction filtration to give filter cake as white solid. The filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (100 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 50° C. overnight to give the product as white solid. The yield was 62.52 g (84.33%).

Embodiment 6

(13) Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and p-methylbenzenesulfonic acid, having the following chemical formula:

(14) ##STR00006##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of DMG hydrochloride was added into 300 mL of absolute ethanol, then 8 g (200.01 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid NaOH was added with vigorous stirring and severe heat releasing. At room temperature, the solution was further stirred for 0.5 hour and then 34.50 g (200.35 mmol, 1.00 eq) of p-methylbenzenesulfonic acid and 15.00 g (202.45 mmol, 1.01 eq) of solid Ca(OH).sub.2 were successively added into the reaction solution. The resulting reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to give a milky solution. 100 mL of absolute ethanol was added to the milky solution. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours and then subjected to suction filtration to give filter cake as white solid. The filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 50° C. overnight to give the product as white solid. The yield was 46.66 g (74.23%).

Embodiment 7

(15) Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, having the following chemical formula:

(16) ##STR00007##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride (referred to as DMG hydrochloride) and 350 mL of absolute ethanol were successively added into a 1 L three-neck flask with vigorous stirring at room temperature to form a uniform suspension. 8.03 g of solid sodium hydroxide was added in batches (1 g×8, 200.76 mmol, 1.00 eq) into the reaction system with heat releasing and then the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. To the reaction system was added with 24.50 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of acicular crystalline solid benzoic acid with vigorous stirring at room temperature to give uniform dispersion in the reaction solution. 19.57 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of powdery copper hydroxide was added into the reaction system and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour to give a light-blue viscous reaction solution. 80 mL of absolute ethanol was added into the reaction system, which was then stirred vigorously for 3 hours to give a light-blue suspension. The suspension was subjected to suction filtration, and the filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 110° C. overnight to give the product as white sand-like powders. The yield was 34.14 g (59.34%).

Embodiment 8

(17) Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, having the following chemical formula:

(18) ##STR00008##

(19) 28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride (referred to as DMG hydrochloride) and 350 mL of absolute ethanol were successively added into a reactor with vigorous stirring at room temperature to form a uniform suspension. 8.03 g of solid sodium hydroxide was added in batches (1 g×8, 200.76 mmol, 1.00 eq) into the reaction system with heat releasing, and then the system was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. To the reaction system was then added with 24.50 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of acicular crystalline solid benzoic acid with vigorous stirring at room temperature to give the reaction solution as uniform dispersion. 19.57 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of powdery zinc hydroxide was added into the reaction system and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour to give a white viscous reaction solution. 80 mL of absolute ethanol was added into the reaction system, and the mixture was then stirred vigorously for 3 hours to give a white suspension. The suspension was subjected to suction filtration. The filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 110° C. overnight to give the product as white sand-like powders. The yield was 31.06 g (53.65%).

Embodiment 9

(20) Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, having the following chemical formula:

(21) ##STR00009##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of DMG hydrochloride was added into 300 mL of absolute ethanol, then 8.02 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid NaOH was added under vigorous stirring with severe heat releasing. 11.64 g (100.30 mmol, 0.50 eq) of fumaric acid and 20.00 g (201.22 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid Zn(OH).sub.2 were successively added at room temperature into the reaction solution, which was then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to give a milky solution. 100 mL of absolute ethanol was added to the milky solution and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours. The reaction solution was then subjected to suction filtration to give filter cake as white solid. The filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 50° C. overnight to give the product as white solid. The yield was 24.16 g (53.65%).

Embodiment 10

(22) Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, having the following chemical formula:

(23) ##STR00010##
28.00 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of DMG hydrochloride was added into 300 mL of absolute ethanol, then 8.02 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid NaOH was added under vigorous stirring with severe heat releasing. 11.64 g (100.30 mmol, 0.50 eq) of fumaric acid and 19.60 g (200.60 mmol, 1.00 eq) of solid Cu(OH).sub.2 were successively added at room temperature into the reaction solution, and the resulting reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to give a milky solution. 100 mL of absolute ethanol was added to the milky solution. The resulting mixture was stirred for 3 hours and then subjected to suction filtration to give filter cake as white solid. The filter cake was washed with absolute ethanol (50 mL×3) and dried under reduced pressure at 50° C. overnight to give the product as white solid. and the yield was 32.64 g (73.06%).

II. Related Properties of Polyvalent Metal Ion Compound Salts of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Organic Acid

(24) Test samples and suppliers are as follows:

(25) Sample 1: N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride, from J&K Scientific Ltd.

(26) Sample 2: Sodium N,N-dimethylglycinate, from Shandong Xiya Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

(27) Sample 3: Calcium N,N-dimethylglycinate, from R&D center of Guangzhou Insighter Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

(28) Sample 4: Calcium benzoate, from R&D center of Guangzhou Insighter Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

(29) Sample 5: Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, prepared in Embodiment 1.

(30) Sample 6: Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and sulfuric acid, prepared in Embodiment 2.

(31) Sample 7: Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and phosphoric acid, prepared in Embodiment 3.

(32) Sample 8: Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, prepared in Embodiment 4.

(33) Sample 9: Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and tetradecanoic acid, prepared in Embodiment 5.

(34) Sample 10: Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and p-methylbenzenesulfonic acid, prepared in Embodiment 6.

(35) Sample 11: Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, prepared in Embodiment 7.

(36) Sample 12: Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, prepared in Embodiment 8.

(37) Sample 13: Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, prepared in Embodiment 9.

(38) Sample 14: Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, prepared in Embodiment 10.

(39) 1. Appearance and Melting Point Determination

(40) TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Appearance and melting point determination of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid Test sample Appearance Melting point/° C. N,N-dimethylglycine White crystalline 189-193 hydrochloride particles Sodium N,N- White powders 217° C. dimethylglycinate Calcium N,N- White powders 220° C., not melted, dimethylglycinate decomposed Calcium benzoate White powders >260° C., not melted, not decomposed Sample 5 White powders >24° C. not melted, decomposed

(41) 2. High-Humidity Stability Test

(42) Method: A KNO.sub.3 saturated solution (25° C., RH 90%) was placed in the lower part of a constant-temperature and constant-humidity sealed container. The test samples, three parallels for each test sample, were placed at 25° C. and RH 95%±1% for 10 days, and their average weight gains were measured at day 5 and day 10.

(43) Results: The test data was statistically analyzed using SPSS18 software. The test results are expressed as “mean value±standard error” as shown in Table 2. At 25° C. and RH 95%, the sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3, which were respectively hydrochloride, sodium salt and calcium salt of DMG, showed very high hygroscopicity, the weight gains of the test samples at day 5 turn the samples into water-like status. Sample 6 and sample 7 were respectively calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and sulfuric acid and calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and phosphoric acid, their hygroscopic weight gains reached 60%-65% at day 5, and the samples were water-like status. Sample 5 and samples 8-14 were respectively calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid, copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid or zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid, showing a hygroscopic weight gain of no higher than 3.6% at day 5, and no significant difference in hygroscopic weight gain were observed between day 5 and day 10.

(44) Conclusion: After placed for 10 days under a constant-temperature and constant-humidity condition of 25° C. and RH 95%±1%, all the polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid showed a hygroscopic weight gain of lower than 5% and relative stability, satisfying the requirements of feed additives on humidity.

(45) TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 High-humidity stability study of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid Compound Day 5 (%) Day 10 (%) Sample 1 79.86 ± 0.94  80.69 ± 0.59  Sample 2 49.09 ± 1.14  52.44 ± 0.48  Sample 3 38.40 ± 0.22  41.83 ± 0.35  Sample 5 3.54 ± 0.39 3.59 ± 0.28 Sample 6 61.72 ± 0.41  60.58 ± 0.21  Sample 7 63.86 ± 0.17  64.83 ± 0.23  Sample 8 2.95 ± 0.22 3.25 ± 0.12 Sample 9 2.11 ± 0.04 2.75 ± 0.32 Sample 10 2.84 ± 0.23 3.01 ± 0.11 Sample 11 2.41 ± 0.07 2.81 ± 0.10 Sample 12 3.03 ± 0.23 3.54 ± 0.08 Sample 13 2.26 ± 0.09 2.76 ± 0.23 Sample 14 2.56 ± 0.11 2.81 ± 0.06

III. Preparation Method of Feed Composition

(46) The polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid from embodiment 1-10 were respectively mixed with a corresponding auxiliary material to prepare a corresponding hybrid pellet feed additive.

(47) 1. Materials

(48) Raw materials: The polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid from embodiment 1-10, and sodium N,N-dimethylglycinate.

(49) Carrier: Corn starch.

(50) Binder: 1.3% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution.

(51) 2. Product Formula

(52) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Formula of hybrid pellet feed additives of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid Carrier/ Binder/ Product parts parts name Raw material/parts by mass by mass by mass Reference 1 Sodium N,N-dimethylglycinate 20 80 35 Product 1 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and benzoic acid 20 Product 2 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and fumaric acid 20 Product 3 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and tetradecanoic acid 20 Product 4 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and p-methylbenzenesulfonic acid 20 Product 5 Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and benzoic acid 20 Product 6 Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and benzoic acid 20 Product 7 Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and fumaric acid 20 Product 8 Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 80 35 and fumaric acid 20

(53) 3. Production Process

(54) Production process of the hybrid pellet feed additive involved in the present invention is described below in combination with The FIGURE.

(55) Raw material supply: The raw materials were supplied by the R&D center of Guangzhou Insighter Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and inspected by the quality control department as acceptable products with a purity of ≥99%.

(56) Procurement of auxiliary materials: The auxiliary materials were purchased from qualified suppliers. After determined to be acceptable by sampling inspection, the auxiliary materials were sent to warehouses and stored for later use. This step is a key control point that quality of the auxiliary materials must be strictly controlled.

(57) Acquiring and weighing materials: The raw materials and the auxiliary materials were successively weighed and double-checked according to the proportions in the formulas, while the produced wastes (bags) were stored and disposed together.

(58) Mixing: The raw materials and the auxiliary materials were fed into a mixer to mix well. This step is a key control point that the mixing time must be strictly controlled by regular inspection of mixing uniformity. The mixer was equipped with a pulse dust collector to remove dust.

(59) Pelletizing: The products obtained from mixing the raw materials and the auxiliary materials were introduced into a pelletizing machine with a 1.3% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose aqueous solution according to a mass ratio of 100:35. The pelletizing machine was then started up to operate mixing and cutter for 3-5 minutes. After pelletizing was complete, the materials were dried in a fluidized bed for 30 minutes and then sieved by 16-mesh sieve.

(60) Packaging and inspection: The products were weighed and packaged according to packaging specifications, stored in finished-product warehouses, and labeled with production and inspection information. At least two samples were collected for each batch and sent to the testing laboratory for inspection and as reserve samples. The products would be allowed to leave the factory only after passing the inspection. Thereby the hybrid pellet feed additive was obtained.

(61) Cleaning production equipment: After production of each batch was complete, the production area must be cleaned. When changing the product, the production equipment shall be cleaned to remove impurities in order to prevent cross-contamination.

III. Animal Breeding Experiment

Embodiment A: Application Effect of Polyvalent Metal Ion Compound Salts of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Organic Acid in Broiler Feed

(62) The test was carried out by single-factor randomized design. 1200 22-day-old Sanhuang broilers having similar body weight (averagely 153 g) were collected and randomly divided into 10 groups, 6 replicates in each group, 20 broilers in each replicate, with equal numbers of males and females. The henhouse and utensils were disinfected before the test. The broilers were kept in cages in the same henhouse under the same breeding conditions during the experiment. The basic diets mainly composed of corn and soybean meal, and no other antioxidant ingredients and growth promoters were added during the whole breeding process. The groups included a blank group, a control group, and test groups 1-8. The blank group was provided with only the basal ration, while the control group and the test groups 1-8 were respectively provided with 5000 ppm of the hybrid pellet feed additive products (see the “Preparation method of feed composition” section) in the basic diets. The experiment was carried out for 20 days, wherein the experiment broilers were fed with food and water ad libitum, and the diets were provided twice a day. For each replicate, the broilers were weighed (stopped feeding for 12 hours while water supply was maintained) at 42-day-old and their feed consumptions were recorded so as to calculate the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The experiment data were analyzed with SPSS18 software. The data were first analyzed by single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the differences between the groups were significant, multiple comparisons were performed using Duncan's method wherein the significance level was 0.05. Test results are expressed as “mean value±standard error” as shown in Table 4. As can be seen from the results, compared with the blank group, the sample of control group showed a significant improvement effect on the feed intake, average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio of the experiment broilers. Compared with the blank group, the samples of experiment groups 1-8 showed no significant effect on the feed intake of the test broilers, but a significant increase in the average daily weight gains and a significant reduction in the feed conversion ratio. By comparing the experiment groups 1-8 with the control group, the experiment groups 1-4 showed no significant improvement in the feed conversion ratio while the test groups 6-8 showed significant reduction in the feed conversion ratio.

(63) Conclusion: In the breeding experiment of broilers, with respect to feed conversion efficiency, the calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid, calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and tetradecanoic acid and calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and p-methylbenzenesulfonic acid provided by the present invention showed a breeding effect equivalent to that of sodium N,N-dimethylglycinate, while the copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and benzoic acid, copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid and zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid provided by the present invention showed a breeding effect higher than that of N,N-dimethylglycine hydrochloride, giving a 11% reduction in the feed conversion ratio as compared with the group which was not provided with any feed additives.

(64) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Effect of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid on the production performance of broilers Sample Amount ADFI (g) ADG (g) FCR Blank — 20*6  651.33 ± 15.00.sup.a 216.00 ± 4.33.sup.a 3.02 ± 0.02.sup.a  Control Reference 1 20*6 .sup. 703.00 ± 15.92.sup.b 246.16 ± 8.30.sup.b 2.86 ± 0.04.sup.d  Experiment 1 Product 1 20*6 679.33 ± 15.80 246.07 ± 7.84.sup.b 2.76 ± 0.03.sup.cd Experiment 2 Product 2 20*6 680.83 ± 12.64 247.08 ± 2.23.sup.b 2.76 ± 0.04.sup.cd Experiment 3 Product 3 20*6 674.83 ± 13.29 237.29 ± 7.73.sup.b 2.85 ± 0.04.sup.d  Experiment 4 Product 4 20*6 681.83 ± 14.24 246.80 ± 7.98.sup.b 2.77 ± 0.04.sup.cd Experiment 5 Product 5 20*6 664.00 ± 14.42 250.55 ± 8.81.sup.b 2.66 ± 0.04.sup.b  Experiment 6 Product 6 20*6 655.00 ± 12.25 247.59 ± 2.50.sup.b 2.64 ± 0.04.sup.b  Experiment 7 Product 7 20*6 660.50 ± 12.08 244.39 ± 1.80.sup.b 2.70 ± 0.03.sup.bc Experiment 8 Product 8 20*6 679.33 ± 6.19  250.91 ± 4.53.sup.b 2.71 ± 0.03.sup.bc Note: Throughout the description hereinafter, data listed in the same column but labelled with different letters indicates there is a significant difference therebetween (P < 0.05); this rule is also applied hereinafter.

Embodiment B: Application Effect of Polyvalent Metal Ion Compound Salts of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Organic Acid in Pig Feed

(65) Two hundred and seventy (270) 65-day-old Duroc×Landrace×Large White pig having similar body weight were randomly divided into 9 groups, 3 replicates in each group, 10 pigs in each replicate, with equal numbers of males and females. The pigsty and utensils were disinfected before the experiment. The pigs were kept in pens in the same pigsty under the same breeding conditions during the experiment. During the experiment, the experiment pigs were fed with food and water ad libitum, and the ration were provided twice a day. The groups included a control group and experiment groups 1-8. The control group was provided with only the basic diets, while the experiment groups 1-8 were respectively provided with the basal ration together with 1150 ppm of the hybrid pellet feed additive products 1-8 provided by the present invention. No other antioxidant ingredients and growth promoters were added during the whole breeding process. The experiment was carried out for 28 days. For each replicate, production performance of the pigs was measured, including the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The experiment data were analyzed with SPSS18 software. The data were first analyzed by single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the differences between the groups were significant, multiple comparisons were performed using Duncan's method wherein the significance level was 0.05. Test results are expressed as “mean value±standard error” as shown in Table 5. As can be seen from the results, compared with the control group, the experiment groups, which were provided with the polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid, showed no significant effect on the feed intake of the pigs but a significant increase in the average daily weight gains and a reduction of 7.0%-12.5% in the feed conversion ratio.

(66) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Effect of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid on the production performance of pigs Sample Amount ADFI (kg) ADG (kg) FCR Control 10*3 11.87 ± 0.32 4.51 ± 0.08.sup.a 2.63 ± 0.02.sup.a Experiment 1 Product 1 10*3 12.73 ± 0.33 5.26 ± 0.10.sup.b 2.42 ± 0.02.sup.b Experiment 2 Product 2 10*3 12.40 ± 0.26 5.13 ± 0.07.sup.b 2.42 ± 0.02.sup.b Experiment 3 Product 3 10*3 12.77 ± 0.20 5.22 ± 0.10.sup.b 2.44 ± 0.01.sup.b Experiment 4 Product 4 10*3 12.53 ± 0.32 5.17 ± 0.14.sup.b 2.43 ± 0.01.sup.b Experiment 5 Product 5 10*3 12.53 ± 0.27 5.44 ± 0.12.sup.b 2.30 ± 0.01.sup.e Experiment 6 Product 6 10*3 12.43 ± 0.43 5.27 ± 0.21.sup.b 2.37 ± 0.01.sup.c Experiment 7 Product 7 10*3 12.50 ± 0.38 5.31 ± 0.18.sup.b  2.36 ± 0.01.sup.cd Experiment 8 Product 8 10*3 12.70 ± 0.26 5.49 ± 0.13.sup.b  2.31 ± 0.01.sup.de

Embodiment C: Application Effect of Polyvalent Metal Ion Compound Salts of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Organic Acid in Aquatic Feed

(67) (1) Experiment Materials

(68) Test fish: The experiment fish were grass carps, born at the year of the test, from Dafeng hatchery in Huizhou City, Guangdong Province. Healthy and lively grass carps of the same size were reared in big net cages (4×2×1.5 m.sup.3) for four weeks before the breeding test. The test system included floating small net cages (1.1×1.1×1.1 m.sup.3), each small net cage was provided with an aerator and aerated 24 hours every day. The small net cages were disposed together with temporary-rearing net cages in a 3500 m.sup.2 pond in the test area, the pond had a depth of 1.55 m and the water in the pond was fully aerated groundwater. 432 fish which had been starved for 1 day were randomly divided into 9 groups, 4 replicates in each group and 12 fish in each replicate. The fish of each replicate were weighed and transferred to 36 net cages, and fed with different test feeds respectively.

(69) Test feeds: The test feeds were prepared according to Table 6. The groups were respectively provided with different polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid in the same concentration according to Table 7. Raw materials of the feed were ultra-pulverized, and then turned into floating expanded feed having a particle size of 3 mm by using a feed extruder from Jiangsu Muyang Group Co., Ltd. wherein the extruding temperature was 130° C., and 3% of soybean oil was sprayed on the feed using an oil sprayer. The feed was then sealed and stored in a cool place for later use.

(70) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Formula and chemical composition of the test feed for grass carp (% wt.) Content Content Raw material (%) Raw material (%) Fish meal 9.0 Soybean oil 3.0 Intestine submucosa 3.0 Phospholipid rapeseed 9.0 powder meal Soybean meal 12.0 Gluten flour 4.0 Rapeseed meal 12.0 Blood cell powder 2.0 MSG protin 3.0 Vc-phosphate ester 0.1 Wheat middling 12.6 Monocalcium phosphate 1.8 Flour 17.0 Choline chloride 0.2 Bentonite 0.70 Multi-vitamin 0.1 Rice bran 10.0 Trace mineral element 0.5 premix

(71) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Grouping of growth promotion test of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid Concentration Group Sample (ppm) Blank control — — Experiment 1 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and benzoic acid Experiment 2 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and fumaric acid Experiment 3 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and tetradecanoic acid Experiment 4 Calcium salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and p-methylbenzenesulfonic acid Experiment 5 Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and benzoic acid Experiment 6 Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and benzoic acid Experiment 7 Zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and fumaric acid Experiment 8 Copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine 450 and fumaric acid

(72) (2) Experiment Method

(73) Test management: The test was carried out with ration restriction, the ration amount was adjusted once a week, the feeding level (based on initial weight) of each group was exactly the same, and feeding was conducted twice every day (at 7:30 and 15:00). The test was carried out for 8 weeks. During the experiment, water quality was monitored regularly to maintain the following conditions: water temperature 26.88±3.08° C., DO>5.0 mg O L.sup.−1, pH 7.8, ammonia nitrogen<0.50 mg N L.sup.−1, and nitrite nitrogen<0.05 mg N L.sup.−1.

(74) Parameter statistics: In the experiment, the fish in each net cage were weighed as a whole after starved for 1 day so as to calculate their weight gain (WG, %), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and survival rate (SR, %), through the following formula.
Weight gain (WG,%)=100×(average final weight−average initial weight)/average initial weight
Feed conversion ratio (FCR)=feed intake/fish weight gain
Survival rate (SR,%)=100×fish amount at the end of the test/fish amount at the beginning of the test

(75) (3) Experiment Results

(76) Effect of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid on the production performance of grass carps is as shown in Table 8. Results showed that, the groups provided with polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid were better than the blank control group in terms of weight gain and feed conversion ratio, indicating obvious growth-promotion effects, and the survival rate of grass carps were also significantly improved, indicating an significant improvement of anoxic resistance of grass carps.

(77) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Test results of application of polyvalent metal ion compound salts of N,N-dimethylglycine and organic acid in aquatic feed Initial Final Weight weight (g) weight (g) gain (%) (FCR) SR (%) Blank control 251.25 ± 4.09  585.55 ± 11.53 133.15 ± 4.54 1.50 ± 0.05 56.25 ± 9.24.sup.a Experiment 1 253.25 ± 4.19  596.47 ± 13.08 135.48 ± 2.16 1.46 ± 0.04 85.42 ± 3.99.sup.b Experiment 2 254.25 ± 3.64 598.31 ± 5.61 135.48 ± 4.28 1.46 ± 0.06 89.58 ± 3.99.sup.b Experiment 3 250.50 ± 3.38 598.90 ± 9.16 139.15 ± 3.65 1.44 ± 0.03 75.00 ± 7.61.sup.b Experiment 4 252.50 ± 2.84 602.98 ± 4.17 138.90 ± 3.17 1.43 ± 0.02 81.25 ± 7.11.sup.b Experiment 5 256.25 ± 2.01 608.72 ± 5.87 137.60 ± 3.16 1.42 ± 0.03 79.17 ± 5.38.sup.b Experiment 6 253.00 ± 1.78  604.66 ± 10.81 138.96 ± 3.28 1.43 ± 0.04 79.16 ± 8.67.sup.b Experiment 7 253.25 ± 2.29 607.01 ± 6.05 139.76 ± 3.47 1.42 ± 0.03 93.75 ± 3.99.sup.b Experiment 8 255.25 ± 1.31 608.50 ± 9.48 138.44 ± 4.43 1.42 ± 0.04 95.83 ± 2.40.sup.b

Embodiment D: Study on Application of Zinc Salt of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Fumaric Acid in Weaned-Pig Feed

(78) Two hundred and forty (240) lean Duroc×Landrace×Large White weaned pigs having similar body weight were randomly divided into 8 groups, 3 replicates in each group, 10 pigs in each replicate, with equal numbers of males and females. The pigsty and utensils were disinfected before the experiment. The pigs were kept in pens in the same pigsty under the same breeding conditions during the experiment. During the experiment, the experiment pigs were fed with food and water ad libitum, and the diets were provided 3 times a day. The groups included a control group, a comparative example and experiment groups 1-6. The control group was provided with only the basic diets, the comparative example was provided with 2500 ppm of zinc oxide, and the experiment groups 1-6 were respectively provided with the basic diets together with the hybrid pellet feed additive product 7 provided by the present invention in different concentrations, as shown in Table 9. No other antioxidant ingredients and growth promoters were added during the whole breeding process. The experiment was carried out for 15 days. For each replicate, production performance of the pigs was measured, including the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The experiment data were analyzed with SPSS18 software. The data were first analyzed by single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the differences between the groups were significant, multiple comparisons were performed using Duncan's method wherein the significance level was 0.05. Experiment results are expressed as “mean value±standard error” as shown in Table 9. As can be seen from the results, zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid had no significant effect on the feed intake of weaned pigs; effect on the average daily weight gain was dose dependent, wherein about 260 ppm of the salt could significantly increase the average daily weight gain of weaned pigs to a level realized by 2500 ppm of zinc oxide; the salt could also reduce the feed conversion ratio, but the effect would only be significant and equivalent to that of high-dose zinc oxide when the dose was higher than 390 ppm.

(79) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Effect of zinc salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid on production performance of weaned pigs Sample Dose/ppm ADFI (kg) ADG (kg) FCR Control — — 82.50 ± 3.75 40.20 ± 1.23.sup.a 2.050 ± 0.033 Comparative Zinc oxide 2500 82.15 ± 2.31 45.43 ± 0.84.sup.b 1.808 ± 0.018 example Experiment 1 Product 7 55 81.73 ± 3.83 40.93 ± 1.18.sup.a 2.005 ± 0.152 Experiment 2 Product 7 65 78.33 ± 1.19 41.40 ± 1.36.sup.a 1.898 ± 0.091 Experiment 3 Product 7 130 80.65 ± 2.22 43.10 ± 1.27.sup.a 1.878 ± 0.108 Experiment 4 Product 7 260 83.13 ± 3.47 45.50 ± 0.91.sup.b 1.826 ± 0.040 Experiment 5 Product 7 390 84.59 ± 2.08 46.57 ± 1.70.sup.b 1.818 ± 0.022 Experiment 6 Product 7 520 83.88 ± 3.20 47.36 ± 1.42.sup.b 1.770 ± 0.187 Note: The compound concentrations in the samples were calculated in terms of zinc element.

Embodiment E: Application Effect of Copper Salt of N,N-Dimethylglycine and Fumaric Acid on Weaned Pigs

(80) One hundred and eighty (180) lean Duroc×Landrace×Large White weaned pigs having similar body weight were randomly divided into 6 groups, 3 replicates in each group, 10 pigs in each replicate, with equal numbers of males and females. The pigsty and utensils were disinfected before the experiment. The pigs were kept in pens in the same pigsty under the same breeding conditions during the experiment. During the experiment, the experiment pigs were fed with food and water ad libitum, and the diets were provided 3 times a day. The groups included a control group, a comparative example and test groups 1-4. The control group was provided with only the basic diets, the comparative example was provided with 250 ppm of copper sulfate pentahydrate, and the experiment groups 1-4 were respectively provided with the basic diets together with the hybrid pellet feed additive product 8 provided by the present invention in different concentrations, as shown in Table 10. No other antioxidant ingredients and growth promoters were added during the whole breeding process. The test was carried out for 15 days. For each replicate, production performance of the pigs was measured, including the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The experiment data were analyzed with SPSS18 software. The data were first analyzed by single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if the differences between the groups were significant, multiple comparisons were performed using Duncan's method wherein the significance level was 0.05. Test results are expressed as “mean value±standard error” as shown in Table 10. As can be seen from the results, copper salt of N,N-dimethylglycine and fumaric acid had no significant effect on the feed intake and average daily weight gain of weaned pigs, but could significantly reduce feed conversion ratio when the dose was 30-100 ppm; when the dose reached 100 ppm, the reduction of feed conversion ratio had reduced by 8.61% compared with the control group, similar to the effect of high-dose copper sulfate pentahydrate.

(81) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 Effect of N,N-dimethylglycine fumaric acid copper salt on production performance of weaned pigs Sample Dose/ppm ADFI (kg) ADG (kg) FCR Control — — 93.67 ± 2.33 41.79 ± 1.03 2.241 ± 0.001.sup.a Comparative Copper sulfate 250 94.67 ± 1.33 46.38 ± 1.01 2.042 ± 0.021.sup.b example pentahydrate, Experiment 1 Product 8 100 89.00 ± 1.73 43.46 ± 0.25 2.048 ± 0.028.sup.b Experiment 2 Product 8 75 90.00 ± 1.53 43.26 ± 1.35  2.083 ± 0.032.sup.bc Experiment 3 Product 8 50 94.00 ± 1.53 44.77 ± 1.28  2.101 ± 0.027.sup.bc Experiment 4 Product 8 30 94.67 ± 2.18 44.14 ± 1.39 2.146 ± 0.022.sup.c Note: The compound concentrations in the samples were calculated in terms of copper element.

(82) The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation manners of the present invention, and there are other manners for implementing the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present invention are described as examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention, which may further include modifications made within the scope of the invention and within the same inventive concept or equivalents added to the claims.