A POWER-MEASURING DEVICE AND A MEASURING SYSTEM FOR MEASURING THE POWER OF SEVERAL PHASES IN A MULTIPHASE SYSTEM

Abstract

A power-measuring device serves to measure the power of a three-phase system. It comprises a measuring unit for measuring a power of a first phase of the three-phase system, a display unit for displaying measured results and an operating unit for the operation of the power-measuring device by a user. Furthermore, it comprises a communications unit by means of which it can communicate with one or more further power-measuring devices. In this context, the power-measuring device is embodied, jointly with the one or more further power-measuring devices, to measure a power of several phases of the three-phase system.

Claims

1-16. (canceled)

17. A power-measuring device for measuring the power of a multiphase system including a measuring unit for measuring a power of a first phase of the multiphase system, a display unit for displaying measured results and an operating unit for the operation of the power-measuring device by a user, the power measuring device comprising: a communications unit configured to communicate with at least one additional power-measuring device, wherein the power-measuring device is configured, jointly with the at least one additional power-measuring device, to measure a power at least of the first phase and of a second phase of the multiphase system.

18. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein: the power-measuring device is operable in a master-mode in which the power-measuring device controls the at least one additional power-measuring device, and the power-measuring device is operable in a slave-mode in which the power-measuring device is controlled by the at least one additional power-measuring device.

19. The power-measuring device according to claim 18, wherein: in the master-mode, the power-measuring device is configured to: receive measured results from the at least one additional power-measuring device by the communications unit, or display measured results of the power-measuring device and of the at least one additional power-measuring device on the display unit of the power-measuring device, or receive and process operating inputs for the power-measuring device and the at least one additional power-measuring device by the operating unit of the power-measuring device, and in the slave-mode, the measuring device is configured to: transmit measured results to the at least one additional power-measuring device by the communications unit, or not display measured results on the display unit of the power-measuring device, or not receive and process operating inputs by the operating unit of the power-measuring device.

20. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein the measuring unit is configured to measure a current and a voltage on the first phase and to calculate the power of the first phase from the current and the voltage on the first phase.

21. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein the communications unit is configured to connect to a serial, parallel or annular communications bus and communicate with the at least one additional power-measuring device by the communications bus.

22. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein: the communications unit comprises a bidirectional digital coaxial connector, and the communications unit is configured to connect to the at least one additional power-measuring device by the bidirectional digital coaxial connector, or the communications unit comprises a unidirectional digital coaxial-input connector and a unidirectional digital coaxial-output connector, and the communications unit is configured to be connected to the at least one additional power-measuring device by the unidirectional digital coaxial-input connector and the unidirectional digital coaxial-output connector.

23. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein the communications unit comprises a connector interface, which is configured to establish an automatic connection to the at least one additional power-measuring device either: directly with a connector interface of the at least one additional power-measuring device in the case of a plugging together of the power-measuring device and the at least one further power-measuring device, or indirectly by a connector device in the case of a plugging together of the power-measuring device and the connector device.

24. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein the communications unit is configured to: implement a synchronization of the power-measuring device and the at least one additional power-measuring device for the phase-coherent measurement, transmit measured results, or transmit control commands.

25. The power-measuring device according to claim 24, wherein the synchronization of the power-measuring device and the at least one additional power-measuring device, the communications unit is embodied to: transmit a synchronization message to the at least one additional power-measuring device, determine a time duration until the arrival of a response of the at least one further power-measuring device, and estimate half of the time duration until the arrival of the response of the at least one additional power-measuring device as the transmission time of the synchronization message, wherein in the case of a processing of the measured results of the at least one additional power-measuring device, the measuring unit is configured to take the estimated transmission time of the synchronization message into consideration as a delay of a transmission of control commands and measured results.

26. The power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein: the communications unit is configured to communicate with at least two or more additional power-measuring devices, the power-measuring device is configured, jointly with the at least two or more additional power-measuring devices, to measure a power on further phases of the multiphase system, and the multiphase system comprises a three-phase system.

27. A measuring system comprising: the power-measuring device and the at least one additional power-measuring device according to claim 17, wherein: the communications unit of the power-measuring device and the communications unit of the at least one additional power-measuring device are connected to one another, the communications unit of the first power-measuring device and the communications unit of the at least one additional power-measuring device are configured to communicate with one another, and the first power-measuring device and the at least one additional power-measuring device are configured jointly to measure a power on at least two phases of the multiphase system.

28. The measuring system according to claim 27, wherein: the first power-measuring device is configured to operate in the master-mode, and the at least one additional power-measuring device is configured to operate in the slave-mode.

29. The measuring system according to claim 28, wherein: the measuring system comprises at least two or more power-measuring devices, each of the two or more power-measuring devices is configured to measure a power on a different phase of the multiphase system, the power-measuring device and the two or more power-measuring devices are configured jointly to measure the power on a plurality of phases of the multiphase system, and the multiphase system comprises a three-phase system.

30. The measuring system according to 25, wherein: the power-measuring device is configured to transmit the synchronization message to the at least one additional power-measuring device, and the at least one additional power-measuring device is configured to transmit a response to the synchronization message to the first power-measuring device as soon it has received the synchronization message.

31. The measuring system according to claim 27, wherein the measuring system comprises measurement lines of identical length for connecting the power-measuring device and the at least one additional power-measuring device to the phases of the multiphase system.

32. The measuring system according to claim 23, wherein the measuring system comprises a connector device for the automatic connection of the power-measuring devices in the case of a plugging together of the respective power-measuring device and the connector device.

Description

[0024] In the following, the invention is described on the basis of the drawings which illustrate one advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention by way of example. The drawings show:

[0025] FIG. 1 a block-circuit diagram of an exemplary embodiment of the power-measuring device according to the invention in a block-circuit diagram;

[0026] FIG. 2 a block-circuit diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention;

[0027] FIG. 3 a block-circuit diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention, and

[0028] FIG. 4 a block-circuit diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of the measuring system according to the invention.

[0029] Initially, the construction and general functioning of an exemplary embodiment of the power-measuring device according to the invention is explained on the basis of FIG. 1. with the example of a three-phase current measurement. With reference to FIGS. 2-FIG. 4, different connection options of the power-measuring devices of the measuring system according to the invention will then be described. In some cases, the presentation and description of identical elements in similar drawings have not been repeated.

[0030] FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the power-measuring device 1 according to the invention. The power-measuring device 1 is connected to a mains connection 5 and to a device under test 4. The device under test 4 is also connected to the mains connection 5. For the sake of visual clarity, only the connections of the phase L1 and of the neutral conductor N relevant for the measurement with the power-measuring device 1 are illustrated here. In fact, the phases L2 and L3 of the mains connection 5 and of the device under test 4 are also connected to one another in each case.

[0031] The power-measuring device 1 contains a measuring unit 10, a display unit 11, an operating unit 12, a communications unit 13 and a control unit 14. In this context, the control unit 14 is connected to all further units 10-13 and controls the latter. The measuring unit 10 contains a voltage measuring unit 10a and a current measuring unit 10b. Each of these units 10a, 10b is connected individually to the control unit 14.

[0032] The measuring unit 10 is further connected to one phase of the three-phase system. Accordingly, the voltage measuring unit 10a is connected to the device under test before and after the passage of a measurement current. That is, the voltage measuring unit 10a is connected to the connectors L1 and N of the device under test 4. By contrast, the current measuring unit 10b is connected in series to the device under test. That is, it is connected to the connectors L1 of the mains connection 5 and L1 of the device under test 4.

[0033] If a measurement is to be implemented only on one phase, the measuring device 1, especially the measuring unit 10, is connected to the three-phase system as described previously. A user can start the measurement by means of the operating unit 12. The measuring unit 10 performs the measurement under the control of the control unit 14. A plurality of measuring points are recorded separately according to current and voltage and transmitted to the control unit 14. From these, the control unit 14 can determine the power by multiplication. Alternatively, the power determination can also already be implemented within the measuring unit 10. Measured results are accordingly displayed on a display unit 11. An operating guide can also be provided by means of the display unit 11.

[0034] However, if measurements are now to be implemented simultaneously on several phases of the three-phase system, two or more measuring devices according to the invention can be connected to one another by means of the communications unit 13. Each of the measuring devices is then connected by means of its respective measuring unit 10 to one phase of the three-phase system corresponding to the first measuring device 1. Each of the measuring devices implements its measurement on the respective phase independently of one another. The measured results of the individual measuring devices can then be transmitted to a central control computer.

[0035] Alternatively, one of the measuring devices can take over the role of the control computer. In this case, this measuring device operates in a master-mode and controls the other measuring devices. Furthermore, it receives measured results from the other measuring devices. A further processing and display of the measured results of all measuring devices then takes place in the master power-measuring device. The operation of all measuring devices can also be implemented via the master power-measuring device. In this case, all further power-measuring devices operate in a slave-mode and transmit all measured results to the master power-measuring device. When a measuring device is operating in the slave-mode, its operating unit and display unit are switched off. The operation and also the display of measured results takes place only via the operating unit and the display unit of the master power-measuring device.

[0036] The details of connection options for the measuring devices will be described in greater detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

[0037] FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the measuring system 29 according to the invention. The measuring system contains a first power-measuring device 1, a second power-measuring device 2 and a third power-measuring device 3. The first power-measuring device 1 comprises a first bidirectional coaxial connector 20 and a second bidirectional coaxial connector 21. In this example, the first measuring device 1 is connected to a first phase of a three-phase system, that is, a current I1 and a voltage U1 are measured by the first power-measuring device 1 and converted into a power.

[0038] The second power-measuring device 2 comprises a first bidirectional coaxial connector 22 and a second bidirectional coaxial connector 23. In this example, it is connected to a second phase of the three-phase system, that is, a current I2 and a voltage U2 are measured by the second power-measuring device 2 and converted into a corresponding power.

[0039] The third power-measuring device 3 comprises a first bidirectional coaxial connector 24 and a second bidirectional coaxial connector 25. In this example, it is connected to a third phase of the three-phase system, that is, a current I3 and a voltage U3 are measured by the third power-measuring device 3 and converted into a corresponding power.

[0040] The second bidirectional coaxial connector 21 of the first measuring device 1 is connected by means of a coaxial line 26 to the first bidirectional coaxial connector 22 of the second measuring device 2. The second bidirectional coaxial connector 23 of the second measuring device 2 is connected by means of a coaxial line 27 to the first bidirectional coaxial connector 24 of the third measuring device 3. The three measuring devices 1-3 are connected to one another via the coaxial lines 26 and 27. In this manner, they can communicate with one another. For example, if the second measuring device 2 is configured in a master-mode, and the first measuring device 1 and the third measuring device 3 are each configured in a slave-mode, the second measuring device 2 controls the first measuring device 1 and the third measuring device 3 via the coaxial lines 26 and 27. At the same time, measured results from the measuring devices 1, 3 are transmitted by the slave measuring devices 1, 3 to the master measuring device 2.

[0041] The use of bidirectional connections in each case at one individual connector is, however, disadvantageous, because an internal switch-over between a transmission mode and a reception mode is necessary at every individual coaxial connector 20-25. This requires a certain time and therefore limits the rate of communication.

[0042] FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the measuring system 39 according to the invention. Here, the measuring devices 1-3 each comprise two unidirectional coaxial connectors 30-35.

[0043] The first measuring device 1 comprises a unidirectional coaxial-input connector 30 and a unidirectional coaxial-output connector 31. The second measuring device 2 comprises a unidirectional coaxial-input connector 32 and a unidirectional coaxial-output connector 33. The third measuring device 3 comprises a unidirectional coaxial-input connector 34 and a unidirectional coaxial-output connector 35.

[0044] The first measuring device 1 is connected to the second measuring device 2 via the coaxial-output connector 31, a coaxial line 36 and the coaxial-input connector 32. Furthermore, the second measuring device 2 is connected to the third measuring device 3 via the coaxial-output connector 33, a coaxial line 37 and the coaxial-input connector 34. Furthermore, the third measuring device 3 is connected to the first measuring device 1 via the coaxial-output connector 35, a line 38 and the coaxial-input connector 30. This results in an annular topology of the measuring devices 1-3. Here also, a communication of every measuring device 1-3 with every other measuring device 1-3 is possible.

[0045] Finally, FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the measuring system 49. Here, the measuring devices 1-3 each comprise two bidirectional connections 40-45. In each case, the first connection 40, 42, 44 of the measuring devices 1-3 is connected to a common line 47. In each case, the second connections 41, 43 and 45 of the measuring devices 1-3 are connected to one another with a further common line 46. Accordingly, two parallel bus lines are set up between the measuring devices 1-3, by means of which an information transfer can take place.

[0046] In addition to a connection of the measuring devices 1-3 by means of coaxial lines, a direct connection of the measuring devices 1-3 is also possible. In this case, each individual measuring device 1-3 comprises a connector interface, which is embodied to establish an automatic connection with one or more power-measuring devices. For example, the connector interface can be arranged in a lateral wall of the housing of the respective measuring device. The measuring devices to be connected to one another can then be arranged side-by-side and connected to one another by pushing together. The corresponding interfaces accordingly engage into one another and establish the connection.

[0047] Alternatively, the measuring devices can also be connected via a connector device. This could be fitted into a measuring-device cabinet, for example, as a rear wall. A connection of the connector interface of the respective measuring device to the connector device can be implemented by pushing the measuring device against the rear wall. The connector device is thus embodied to connect several measuring devices to one another in this manner.

[0048] Now, in order to implement a measurement on a three-phase system with several phases, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4, it is necessary, especially for high-precision measurements of the phase angle, to establish a time synchronicity between the individual measuring devices 1-3. This can be achieved, for example, in that a master measuring device transmits a synchronisation message to all slave measuring devices. The slave measuring devices respond to the synchronisation message. The time duration between the transmission of the synchronisation message and the arrival of the respective response is measured by the master measuring device. One half of this time is estimated as the transmission time for the synchronisation message. A transmission duration from the master measuring device to all the slave measuring devices is accordingly determined. These transmission times can be used for the time synchronisation of the measured results of the individual measuring devices 1-3.

[0049] Alternatively, a timestamp can also be integrated in a synchronisation message. In this case, the response to the synchronisation message contains both the timestamp of the synchronisation message and also its own timestamp. This achieves an even more precise synchronisation.

[0050] The invention is accordingly not restricted to the illustrated exemplary embodiment. The measuring system can, of course, also contain more than three measuring devices. It is then also suitable for measuring in multiphase systems with more than three phases. A thermal power measurement or another form of power measurement is also covered by the present invention. Beyond a wiring with coaxial lines and a direct plugging together of the measuring devices or respectively the connector device, a connection to other transmission systems, for example, Ethernet, USB, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc. is also conceivable. Advantageously, all the features described above or features shown in the Figs. can also be combined arbitrarily with one another within the scope of the invention.