Abstract
The invention relates to a device comprising a first fixing element, a further fixing element and a folded planar composite; wherein the first fixing element comprises a first fixing surface and the further fixing element comprises a further fixing surface; wherein the folded planar composite is at least partially fixed between the first fixing surface and the further fixing surface; wherein the folded planar composite comprises a first composite region; wherein the first composite region comprises a first layer sequence comprising a first composite layer comprising a first carrier layer, a second composite layer comprising a second carrier layer, a third composite layer comprising a third carrier layer and a fourth composite layer comprising a fourth carrier layer; wherein in the first composite region the second composite layer is joined to the third composite layer and the third composite layer is joined to the fourth composite layer; wherein in the first composite region the third carrier layer is characterised by a smaller layer thickness than in each case one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer, the second carrier layer and the fourth carrier layer or a combination of at least two of these; wherein the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface or both comprises a recess comprising a first recess region; wherein the first composite region is located at least partially between the first recess region and the first fixing surface or the further fixing surface.
Claims
1. A device (100) comprising a first fixing element (103), a further fixing element (104) and a folded planar composite (101); wherein the first fixing element (103) comprises a first fixing surface (105) and the further fixing element (104) comprises a further fixing surface (106); wherein the folded planar composite (101) is at least partially fixed between the first fixing surface (105) and the further fixing surface (106); wherein the folded planar composite (101) comprises a first composite region (107); wherein the first composite region (107) comprises a first layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) a first composite layer (201), a second composite layer (202), a third composite layer (203) and a fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the first composite region (107) the second composite layer (202) is joined to the third composite layer (203) and the third composite layer (203) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204); wherein the first composite layer (201) comprises a first carrier layer (205); wherein the second composite layer (202) comprises a second carrier layer (216); wherein the third composite layer (203) comprises a third carrier layer (207); wherein the fourth composite layer (204) comprises a fourth carrier layer (210); wherein in the first composite region (107) the third carrier layer (207) is characterised by a smaller layer thickness than in each case one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer (205), the second carrier layer (216) and the fourth carrier layer (210) or a combination of at least two of these; wherein the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106) or both comprises a recess (217) comprising a first recess region (211); wherein the recess (217) has a first maximum depth (213) in the first recess region (211); wherein the first composite region (107) is located at least partially between the first recess region (211) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).
2. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the folded planar composite (101) further comprises a second composite region (108); wherein the second composite region (108) comprises a second layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) the first composite layer (201), the second composite layer (202), the third composite layer (203) and the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the second composite region (108) the third composite layer (203) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the second composite region (108) the first carrier layer (205) or the fourth carrier layer (210) or in each case both is characterised by a greater layer thickness than the second carrier layer (216) or the third carrier layer (207) or in each case both; wherein the recess (217) further comprises a second recess region (212); wherein the recess (217) has a second maximum depth (214) in the second recess region (212); wherein the first maximum depth (213) is greater than the second maximum depth (214); wherein the second composite region (108) is located at least partially between the second recess region (212) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).
3. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the further fixing surface (106) comprises the recess (217).
4. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first composite layer (201) comprises as the first composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) the first carrier layer (205) and a first barrier layer (206); wherein the second composite layer (202) comprises as the second composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) a second barrier layer (215) and the second carrier layer (216); wherein the third composite layer (203) comprises as the third composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) the third carrier layer (207) and a third barrier layer (208); wherein the fourth composite layer (204) comprises as the fourth composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) a fourth barrier layer (209) and the fourth carrier layer (210).
5. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein the first maximum depth (213) is 1.1 to 5 times the size of the second maximum depth (214).
6. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first composite region (107) is characterised by a first width (109); wherein the first width (109) is in a range of from 1 to 6 mm; wherein the recess (217) has a length (801) perpendicular to the first width (109); wherein the first recess region (211) is wider than the first width (109) over at least 50% of the length (801).
7. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein the second composite region (108) is characterised by a second width (110); wherein the second width (110) is in a range of from 1 to 10 mm; wherein the recess (217) has a length (801) perpendicular to the second width (110); wherein the second recess region (212) is wider than the second width (110) over at least 50% of the length (801).
8. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the recess (217) has a length (801) in the direction of a periphery of the fixing element (103, 104) comprising the recess (217); wherein a width of the recess (217) becomes smaller along the periphery.
9. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the first fixing element (103) or the further fixing element (104) or both is a sonotrode.
10. The device (100) according to claim 9, wherein the sonotrode comprises one selected from the group consisting of an alloy comprising to the extent of at least 90 wt. % titanium or aluminium or both, based on the weight of the alloy; a steel; and a piezoceramic or a combination of at least two of these.
11. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein a depth of the recess (217) is a universally constant function from a position on a straight line which runs in the direction of a width (802) of the recess (217).
12. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein in the first composite region (107) the layer thickness of the third carrier layer (207) is in each case 0.05 to 0.9 times the size of the layer thickness in each case of one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer (205), the second carrier layer (216) and the fourth carrier layer (210) or a combination of at least two of these.
13. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein in the second composite region (108) the layer thickness of the first carrier layer (205) or the fourth carrier layer (210) or in each case both is in each case 1.1 to 20 times the size of the layer thickness of the second carrier layer (216) or the third carrier layer (207) or both.
14. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein in the second composite region (108) the second composite layer (202) is not joined to the third composite layer (203).
15. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein in the second composite region (108) a) a surface of the second carrier layer (216) facing the third carrier layer (207), and b) a surface of the third carrier layer (207) facing the second carrier layer (216) in each case comprises no top layer and is joined to no top layer.
16. The device (100) according to claim 1, wherein in the first composite region (107) a surface of the third carrier layer (207) facing the second carrier layer (216) comprises no top layer and is joined to no top layer.
17. The device (100) according to claim 2, wherein the folded planar composite (101) comprises a third composite region (501); wherein the third composite region (501) comprises a third layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface (106) to the first fixing surface (105) the first composite layer (201), the second composite layer (202) and the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the third composite region (501) the second composite layer (202) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204); wherein the third composite region (501) is adjacent to the first composite region (107); wherein the recess (217) comprises a third recess region (503); wherein the third recess region (503) is adjacent to the first recess region (211); wherein the recess (217) has a third maximum depth (504) in the third recess region (503); wherein the first maximum depth (213) is greater than the third maximum depth (504); wherein the third maximum depth (504) is greater than the second maximum depth (214); wherein the third composite region (501) is located at least partially between the third recess region (503) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).
18. The device (100) according to claim 17, wherein the first maximum depth (211) is 1.01 to 3 times the size of the third maximum depth (504).
19. The device (100) according to claim 17, wherein the third composite region (501) is characterised by a third width (502); wherein the third width (502) is in a range of from 1 to 12 mm; wherein the recess (217) has a length (801) perpendicular to the third width (502); wherein the third recess region (503) is wider than the third width (502) over at least 50% of the length (801).
20. The device (100) according to one of the preceding claims claim 1, wherein the folded planar composite (101) is a container precursor (102) surrounding an interior (113).
21. The device (100) according to one of the preceding claims claim 1, wherein the folded planar composite (101) is constructed in one piece.
22. A method (900) comprising as method steps (901 to 904) a) providing a folded planar composite (101), wherein the folded planar composite (101) comprises a first composite layer (201), a second composite layer (202), a third composite layer (203), a fourth composite layer (204) and a first composite region (107); wherein an intermediate region (1000) is located between the first composite layer (201) and the second composite layer (202); wherein the first composite layer (201) comprises a first carrier layer (205); wherein the second composite layer (202) comprises a second carrier layer (216); wherein the third composite layer (203) comprises a third carrier layer (207); wherein the fourth composite layer (204) comprises a fourth carrier layer (210); wherein the first composite region (107) comprises a first layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the intermediate region (1000) through the first layer sequence the second composite layer (202), the third composite layer (203) and the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the first composite region (107) the second composite layer (202) is joined to the third composite layer (203) and the third composite layer (203) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the first composite region (107) the third carrier layer (207) is characterised by a smaller layer thickness than in each case one selected from the group consisting of the first carrier layer (205), the second carrier layer (202) and the fourth carrier layer (210) or a combination of at least two of these; b) providing a first fixing element (103) comprising a first fixing surface (105) and a further fixing element (104) comprising a further fixing surface (106); wherein the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106) or both comprises a recess (217) comprising a first recess region (211); wherein the recess (217) has a first maximum depth (213) in the first recess region (211); c) bringing into contact the fourth composite layer (204) with the first fixing surface (105), the first composite layer (201) with the further fixing surface (106), and the first composite layer (201) with the second composite layer (202); wherein the first composite region (107) is located at least partially between the first recess region (211) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106); d) joining the first composite layer (201) to the second composite layer (202).
23. The method (900) according to claim 22, wherein in method step a) (901) the folded planar composite (101) further comprises a second composite region (108); wherein the second composite region (108) comprises a second layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the intermediate region (1000) through the second layer sequence the second composite layer (202), the third composite layer (203) and the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the second composite region (108) the third composite layer (203) is joined to the fourth composite layer (204); wherein in the second composite region (108) the first carrier layer (205) or the fourth carrier layer (210) or in each case both is characterised by a greater layer thickness than in each case the second carrier layer (216) or the third carrier layer (207) or both; wherein in method step b) (902) the recess (217) further comprises a second recess region (212); wherein the recess (217) has a second maximum depth (214) in the second recess region (211); wherein the first maximum depth (213) is greater than the second maximum depth (214); wherein in method step c) (903) the second composite region (108) is located at least partially between the second recess region (212) and the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106).
24. The method (900) according to claim 22, wherein in method step d) (904) the first fixing surface (105) or the further fixing surface (106) or both vibrates against the planar composite (101) with a) a frequency in a range of from 10 to 50 kHz, or b) an amplitude in a range of from 3 to 20 μm, or c) both.
25. The method (900) according to claim 22, wherein in method step d) (904) the joining is a sealing by a transfer of an ultrasonic vibration from the first fixing element (103) or the further fixing element (104) or both to the folded planar composite (101).
26. The method (900) according to claim 25, wherein the ultrasonic vibration is excited for a duration in a range of from 50 to 500 ms.
27. The method (900) according to claim 22, wherein in method step a) (901) the folded planar composite (101) is a container precursor (102), wherein in method step d) (904) the joining is a closing of the container precursor (102).
28. The method (900) according to claim 27, wherein before method step c) (903) a foodstuff is introduced into the container precursor (102).
29. The method (900) according to claim 27, wherein before method step c) (903) the container precursor (102) is sterilised.
30. A closed container (1200) obtainable by the method (900) according to claim 22.
31. A closed container (1300) surrounding an interior (113), wherein the closed container (1300) comprises a folded planar composite (101), wherein the folded planar composite (101) comprises a first seam region (1303) and a further seam region (1304), wherein the first seam region (1303) is joined along a seam (1302) to the further seam region (1304), wherein the first seam region (1303) or the further seam region (1304) or both has a depression (1301) along the seam (1302).
32. A use of the device (100) according to claim 1 for a joining of the first composite layer (201) to the second composite layer (202).
Description
[0231] The figures show:
[0232] FIG. 1a) a diagram of a container precursor comprising a first composite region according to the invention and a second composite region according to the invention;
[0233] FIG. 1b) a diagram of a device according to the invention comprising a container precursor;
[0234] FIG. 1c) a diagram of a further device according to the invention comprising a container precursor;
[0235] FIG. 2 a diagram of a cross-section of a device according to the invention;
[0236] FIG. 3 a diagram of a cross-section of a further device according to the invention;
[0237] FIG. 4 a diagram of a cross-section of a further device according to the invention;
[0238] FIG. 5 a diagram of a cross-section of a further device according to the invention;
[0239] FIG. 6 a diagram of a cross-section of a further device according to the invention;
[0240] FIG. 7 a diagram of a cross-section of a further device according to the invention;
[0241] FIG. 8a) a diagram of a plan view of a further fixing surface according to the invention;
[0242] FIG. 8b) a diagram of a plan view of a further fixing surface according to the invention;
[0243] FIG. 8c) a diagram of a plan view of a further fixing surface according to the invention;
[0244] FIG. 9 a flow diagram of a method according to the invention;
[0245] FIG. 10 a diagram of a cross-section of a planar composite provided for a method according to the invention;
[0246] FIG. 11a) illustration of method step i) of a method according to the invention;
[0247] FIG. 11b) illustration of method step ii) of a method according to the invention;
[0248] FIG. 11c) illustration of method step iii) of a method according to the invention;
[0249] FIG. 11d) illustration of method step iv) of a method according to the invention;
[0250] FIG. 11e) illustration of method step v) of a method according to the invention;
[0251] FIG. 11f) illustration of method step vi) of a method according to the invention;
[0252] FIG. 12 diagram of a closed container according to the invention;
[0253] FIG. 13a) a diagram of a further closed container according to the invention;
[0254] FIG. 13b) a diagram of a cross-section through the seam and the depression of the closed container in FIG. 13a);
[0255] FIG. 14 a diagram of a longitudinal section through the seam and the depression of the closed container in FIG. 13a);
[0256] FIG. 15 a diagram of a cross-section of an arrangement, which is not according to the invention, for sealing a head region of a container precursor;
[0257] FIG. 16 a diagram of a cross-section of a further arrangement, which is not according to the invention, for sealing a head region of a container precursor;
[0258] FIG. 17 a diagram of a cross-section of an arrangement according to the invention for sealing a head region of a container precursor;
[0259] FIG. 18 a diagram of a cross-section of a further arrangement according to the invention for sealing a head region of a container precursor; and
[0260] FIG. 19 a diagram of a cross-section of a further arrangement according to the invention for sealing a head region of a container precursor.
[0261] FIG. 1a) shows a diagram of a container precursor 102. This comprises a folded planar composite 101 which is a constituent of a device 100 according to the invention in FIG. 1b). Furthermore the container precursor 102 surrounds an interior 113, which contains a foodstuff In a head region 112, also called gable region, the container precursor 102 comprises a first composite region 107 and a second composite region 108. The first composite region 107 has a first width 109 of 2 mm. The second composite region 108 has a second width 110 of 4 mm. The first composite region 107 and the second composite region 108 are included in a longitudinal seam 111 of the container precursor 102. The longitudinal seam 111 extends over an entire length of the container precursor 102. Along the longitudinal seam 111 opposite ends of the folded planar composite 101 are joined to one another in order thus to form the container precursor 102. Furthermore, the container precursor 102 comprises a closed base region. By closing the head region 112 using the device 100 according to the invention in FIG. 1b), a closed container 1200 (see FIG. 12) according to the invention can be produced from the container precursor 102.
[0262] FIG. 1b) shows a diagram of a device 100 according to the invention comprising the container precursor 102 in FIG. 1a). In addition to the container precursor 102 from the folded planar composite 101, the device 100 further comprises a first fixing element 103 and a further fixing element 104. The first fixing element 103 is a sonotrode made of a titanium alloy. The further fixing element 104 is an anvil for the sonotrode. The planar composite 101 is clamped in the head region 112 of the container precursor 102 between a first fixing surface 105 of the sonotrode and a further fixing surface 106 of the anvil and is thus fixed. The anvil is constructed as a prism-shaped bar with a square base area, wherein the bar extends longitudinally perpendicularly to the plane of the diagram. The further fixing surface 106 is accordingly flat in construction. The sonotrode is constructed blade-like, wherein a blunt “knife edge” of the “blade” is the first fixing surface 105.
[0263] FIG. 1c) shows a diagram of a further device 100 according to the invention comprising a container precursor 102. The device 100 in FIG. 1c) is identical to the device 100 in FIG. 1b), apart from the fact that in FIG. 1c) the further fixing element 104 is constructed as a circular tube. The further fixing surface 106 accordingly is not flat, but is constructed as part of a generated surface of the circular tube. The circular tube extends longitudinally in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the diagram.
[0264] FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a cross-section of the device 100 according to the invention from FIG. 1b). FIG. 2 shows in cross-section the region in the head region 112 of the planar composite 101 which is fixed between the first fixing surface 105 of the sonotrode and the further fixing surface 106 of the anvil. The folded planar composite 101 comprises, as shown in FIG. 1a), a first composite region 107 and a second composite region 108, both of which are included in the longitudinal seam 111 of the container precursor 102 in FIG. 1a). The first composite region 107 comprises a first layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first composite layer 201, a second composite layer 202, a third composite layer 203 and a fourth composite layer 204. The first composite layer 201 comprises as the first composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a first carrier layer 205, a second polyethylene layer (not shown), a first barrier layer 206 and a third polyethylene layer. The second composite layer 202 comprises as the second composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a second barrier layer 215, a second polyethylene layer (not shown) and a second carrier layer 216. In the first composite region 107 the second composite layer 202 further comprises a third polyethylene layer (not shown), which overlaps the second carrier layer 216 on one side facing away from the second barrier layer 215. The third composite layer 203 comprises as the third composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a third carrier layer 207, a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a third barrier layer 208 and a second polyethylene layer (not shown). The fourth composite layer 204 comprises as the fourth composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a fourth barrier layer 209, a second polyethylene layer (not shown), a fourth carrier layer 210 and a third polyethylene layer (not shown). In the first composite region 107 the second composite layer 202 and the third composite layer 203 are joined to one another by sealing of the third polyethylene layer of the second composite layer 204. Furthermore, the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204 by sealing of the second polyethylene layer of the third composite layer 203 and the first polyethylene layer of the fourth composite layer 204. In the first composite region the third carrier layer 207 is characterised by a layer thickness which is smaller by a factor of 0.7 than in each case the first carrier layer 205, the second carrier layer 216 and the fourth carrier layer 210. The second composite region 108 comprises a second layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 the first composite layer 201, the second composite layer 202, the third composite layer 203 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the second composite region 108 the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204 by sealing of the second polyethylene layer of the third composite layer 203 and the first polyethylene layer of the fourth composite layer 204. In the second composite region 108 in each case the first carrier layer 205 and the fourth carrier layer 210 are characterised by a layer thickness which is greater by a factor of 1.43 than in each case the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207. The second composite layer 202 and the third composite layer 203 are neither joined to one another nor in contact with one another in the second composite region 108. Between these two layers there is a hollow space and no further layer of the planar composite 101. The second composite layer 202 passes into the third composite 203 at the fold point shown in FIG. 2. In the first composite region 107 and in the second composite region 108 the four composite layers 201, 202, 203 and 204, however, do not pass into one another in such a way but as described above form a layer sequence in each composite region 107, 108. In the first composite region 107 the third carrier layer 207 is skived, but not the second carrier layer 216. In the second composite region 108 the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207 are skived. All the barrier layers 206, 215, 208, 209 occurring in FIG. 2 are made of aluminium EN A W 8079 from Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH. HI These barrier layers 206, 215, 208, 209 in each case have a layer thickness of 6 μm and are constructed in one piece with one another. These barrier layers 206, 215, 208, 209 belong to the planar composite 101 and in each case pass into one another at folds. For the second barrier layer 215 and the third barrier layer 208 this is shown with the fold in FIG. 2. Similarly, all the carrier layers 205, 216, 207, 210 occurring in FIG. 2 are constructed in one piece with one another. These carrier layers 205, 216, 207, 210 belong to the planar composite 101 and in each case pass into one another at folds. For the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207 this is shown with the fold in FIG. 2. Further folds of the planar composite 101 are not shown in FIG. 2, but can be seen from FIG. 1a). For production of the container precursor 102 in FIG. 1a), a carrier material (Stora Enso Natura T Duplex Doppelstrich from Stora Enso Oyj A G, Scott bond value of 200 J/m.sup.2, residual moisture content 7.5%) with in each case a “coat” on both carrier sides was used. Both layer surfaces of each carrier layer 205, 216, 207, 210 in FIG. 2 accordingly in principle comprise a “coat”. However, skived layer surfaces comprise no “coat”. The layer surface of the second carrier layer 216 facing the third carrier layer 207 thus comprises no “coat” in the second composite region 108. In the first composite region 107 the layer surface of the second carrier layer 216 facing the third carrier layer 207 comprises a “coat”. In the first composite region 107 as in the second composite region 108 the layer surface of the third carrier layer 207 facing the second carrier layer 216 comprises no “coat”. All the abovementioned polyethylene layers are made of LDPE 19N430 from Ineos Köln GmbH. The further fixing element 104, the anvil, comprises a recess 217 comprising a first recess region 211 and a second recess region 212. In the first recess region 211 the recess 217 has a first maximum depth 213 of 1.5 mm. In the second recess region 212 the recess 217 has a second maximum depth 214 of 1.25 mm. In this embodiment the depth of the recess 217 is in each case constant over the first recess region 211 and the second recess region 212. The first composite region 107 is located at least partially between the first recess region 211 and the first fixing surface 105. The second composite region 108 is located at least partially between the second recess region 212 and the first fixing surface 105. It is to be noted here that a thickened side of the longitudinal seam 111, in FIG. 2 the upper side of the planar composite 101, is not facing the further fixing surface 106 with the recess 217, but rather is facing the first fixing surface 105, which comprises no recess 217.
[0265] FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further device 100 according to the invention. The device 100 is identical to the device 100 from FIG. 2, apart from the fact that in FIG. 3 the recess 217 is located in the first fixing surface 105. The further fixing surface 106 comprises no recess 217. Furthermore, in FIG. 3 the first fixing element 103 is an anvil and the further fixing element 104 is a sonotrode.
[0266] FIG. 4 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further device 100 according to the invention. The device 100 is identical to the device 100 from FIG. 2, apart from the fact that in FIG. 4 the recess 217 in the further fixing surface 106 comprises the first recess region 211 but not the second recess region 212. Furthermore, the first fixing surface 105 in FIG. 4 comprises a recess which coincides in depth, width, length and lateral positioning with respect to the planar composite 101 with the second recess region 212 from FIG. 2.
[0267] FIG. 5 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further device 100 according to the invention. FIG. 5 shows in cross-section a region of a planar composite 101 which is fixed between a first fixing surface 105 of a first fixing element 103, here a sonotrode made of a titanium alloy, and a further fixing surface 106 of a further fixing element 104, here an anvil. The folded planar composite 101 comprises a first composite region 107, a second composite region 108 and a third composite region 501, which in each case are included in a longitudinal seam 111 of a container precursor 102. The first composite region 107 has a first width 109 of 3 mm.
[0268] The second composite region 108 has a second width 110 of 5 mm. The third composite region 501 has a third width 502 of 4 mm. The first composite region 107 comprises a first layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first composite layer 201, a second composite layer 202, a third composite layer 203 and a fourth composite layer 204. The first composite layer 201 comprises as the first composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a first carrier layer 205, a second polyethylene layer (not shown), a first barrier layer 206 and a third polyethylene layer. The second composite layer 202 comprises as the second composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a second barrier layer 215, a second polyethylene layer (not shown) and a second carrier layer 216. In the first composite region 107 and the third composite region 501 the second composite layer 202 further comprises a third polyethylene layer (not shown), which overlaps the second carrier layer 216 on one side facing away from the second barrier layer 215. The third composite layer 203 comprises as the third composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a third carrier layer 207, a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a third barrier layer 208 and a second polyethylene layer (not shown). The fourth composite layer 204 comprises as the fourth composite layer sequence in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 a first polyethylene layer (not shown), a fourth barrier layer 209, a second polyethylene layer (not shown), a fourth carrier layer 210 and a third polyethylene layer (not shown). In the first composite region 107 the second composite layer 202 and the third composite layer 203 are joined to one another by sealing of the third polyethylene layer of the second composite layer 204. Furthermore, the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204 by sealing of the second polyethylene layer of the third composite layer 203 and the first polyethylene layer of the fourth composite layer 204. In the first composite region the third carrier layer 207 is characterised by a layer thickness which is smaller by a factor of 0.2 than in each case the first carrier layer 205, the second carrier layer 216 and the fourth carrier layer 210. The second composite region 108 comprises a second layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 the first composite layer 201, the second composite layer 202, the third composite layer 203 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the second composite region 108 the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204 by sealing of the second polyethylene layer of the third composite layer 203 and the first polyethylene layer of the fourth composite layer 204. In the second composite region 108 in each case the first carrier layer 205 and the fourth carrier layer 210 are characterised by a layer thickness which is greater by a factor of 5 than in each case the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207. The second composite layer 202 and the third composite layer 203 are not joined to one another in the second composite region 108 but are partially in contact with one another. The third composite region 501 comprises a third layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the further fixing surface 106 to the first fixing surface 105 the first composite layer 201, the second composite layer 202 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the third composite region 501 the second composite layer 202 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204 by sealing of the third polyethylene layer of the second composite layer 202 and the first polyethylene layer of the fourth composite layer 204. The third composite region 501 is adjacent to the first composite region 107. The first composite layer 201 passes into the second composite layer 202 at the fold point shown in FIG. 5. In the first composite region 107, the second composite region 108 and the third composite region 501 the four composite layers 201, 202, 203 and 204, however, do not pass into one another in such a way but as described above form a layer sequence for each composite region 107, 108. In the first composite region 107 the third carrier layer 207 is skived, but not the second carrier layer 216. In the second composite region 108 the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207 are skived. All the barrier layers 206, 215, 208, 209 occurring in FIG. 5 are made of aluminium EN A W 8079 from Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH. These layers 206, 215, 208, 209 in each case have a layer thickness of 6 μm and are constructed in one piece with one another. These barrier layers 206, 215, 208, 209 belong to the planar composite 101 and in each case pass into one another at folds. For the second barrier layer 215 and the third barrier layer 208 this is shown with the fold in FIG. 5. Similarly, all the carrier layers 205, 216, 207, 210 occurring in FIG. 5 are constructed in one piece with one another. These carrier layers 205, 216, 207, 210 belong to the planar composite 101 and in each case pass into one another at folds. For the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207 this is shown with the fold in FIG. 5. Further folds of the planar composite 101 are not shown in FIG. 5. For production of the container precursor 102, a carrier material (Stora Enso Natura T Duplex Doppelstrich from Stora Enso Oyj A G, Scott bond value of 200 J/m.sup.2, residual moisture content 7.5%) with in each case a “coat” on both carrier sides was used. Both layer surfaces of each carrier layer 205, 216, 207, 210 in FIG. 5 accordingly in principle comprise a “coat”. However, skived layer surfaces comprise no “coat”. The layer surface of the second carrier layer 216 facing the third carrier layer 207 thus comprises no “coat” in the second composite region 108. In the first composite region 107 the in layer surface of the second carrier layer 216 facing the third carrier layer 207 comprises a “coat”. In the first composite region 107 as in the second composite region 108 the layer surface of the third carrier layer 207 facing the second carrier layer 216 comprises no “coat”. All the abovementioned polyethylene layers are made of LDPE 19N430 from Ineos Köln GmbH. The further fixing element 104, the anvil, comprises a recess 217 comprising a first recess region 211, a second recess region 212 and a third recess region 503. The third recess region 503 is adjacent to the first recess region 211. In the first recess region 211 the recess 217 has a first maximum depth 213 of 1.5 mm. In the second recess region 212 the recess 217 has a second maximum depth 214 of 1.25 mm. In the third recess region 503 the recess 217 has a third maximum depth 504 of 1.4 mm. In this embodiment the depth of the recess 217 is in each case constant over the first recess region 211, the second recess region 212 and the third recess region 503. The first composite region 107 is located at least partially between the first recess region 211 and the first fixing surface 105. The second composite region 108 is located at least partially between the second recess region 212 and the first fixing surface 105. The third composite region 501 is located at least partially between the third recess region 503 and the first fixing surface 105. It is to be noted here that a thickened side of the longitudinal seam 111, in FIG. 5 the upper side of the planar composite 101, is not facing the further fixing surface 106 with the recess 217, but rather is facing the first fixing surface 105, which comprises no recess 217.
[0269] FIG. 6 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further device 100 according to the invention. The device 100 is identical to the device 100 from FIG. 5, apart from the fact that the depth of the recess 217 in and over the three recess regions 211, 212, 503 varies continuously and without jumps. Furthermore, the depth of the recess 217 is not constant within each one of the three recess regions 211, 212, 503.
[0270] FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further device 100 according to the invention. The device 100 is identical to the device 100 from FIG. 5, apart from the fact that in FIG. 7 the recess 217 is located in the first fixing surface 105. The further fixing surface 106 comprises no recess 217. Furthermore, in FIG. 7 the first fixing element 103 is an anvil and the further fixing element 104 is a sonotrode made of a titanium alloy.
[0271] FIG. 8a) shows a diagram of a plan view of a further fixing surface 106 according to the invention of a further fixing element 104. The further fixing surface 106 is a rectangular flat side surface of a parallelepipedal further fixing element 104. The further fixing surface 106 comprises a recess 217, which extends from one edge of the further fixing element 104 to an opposite edge. The recess 217 has a length 801 in the direction of a periphery of the further fixing element 104. The length 801 is 30% of the periphery. Furthermore, the recess 217 has a width 802. A depth of the recess 217 is a universally constant function of a position on an imaginary straight line 803 which runs in the direction of the width 802 of the recess 217.
[0272] FIG. 8b) shows a diagram of a plan view of a further fixing surface 106 according to the invention of a further fixing element 104. The further fixing surface 106 is a rectangular flat side surface of a parallelepipedal further fixing element 104. The further fixing surface 106 comprises a recess 217, which does not extend from one edge of the further fixing element 104 to an opposite edge. The recess 217 has a length 801 in the direction of a periphery of the further fixing element 104. The length 801 is 20% of the periphery. Furthermore, the recess 217 has a width 802.
[0273] FIG. 8c) shows a diagram of a plan view of a further fixing surface 106 according to the invention of a further fixing element 104. The further fixing surface 106 is a rectangular flat side surface of a parallelepipedal further fixing element 104. The further fixing surface 106 comprises a recess 217, which extends from one edge of the further fixing element 104 to an opposite edge. The recess 217 has a length 801 in the direction of a periphery of the further fixing element 104. The length 801 is 30% of the periphery. Furthermore, the recess 217 has a width 802 which becomes smaller along the periphery. The recess 217 further is demarcated on sides of the recess 217 opposite one another by a first edge 804 and a further edge 805. The first edge 804 comprises a straight first edge section 804 and the further edge 805 comprises a straight further edge section 805. The straight first edge section 804 and the straight further edge section 805 enclose an angle 806 of 20°.
[0274] FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram of a method 900 according to the invention. The closed container 1200 in FIG. 12 can be produced by the method 900. The method 900 comprises a method step a) 901: providing a folded planar composite 101 according to FIG. 10. In a method step b) 902 a first fixing element 103 comprising a first fixing surface 105 and a further fixing element 104 comprising a further fixing surface 106 are provided. The first fixing element 103 is a sonotrode made of a titanium alloy. The further fixing element 104 is an anvil for the sonotrode. The further fixing surface 106 here comprises a recess 217 comprising a first recess region 211, a second recess region 212 and a third recess region 503. The recess 217 has in the first recess region 211 a first maximum depth 213, in the second recess region 212 a second maximum depth 214 and in the third recess region 503 a third maximum depth 504. The first maximum depth 213 is greater than the second maximum depth 214. The third maximum depth 504 is greater than the second maximum depth 214 and less than the first maximum depth 213. In a method step c) 903 the fourth composite layer 204 of the planar composite 101 and the first fixing surface 105, as well as the first composite layer 201 and the further fixing surface 106, as well as the first composite layer 201 and the second composite layer 202 are in each case brought into contact with one another by pressing the planar composite 101 between the first fixing surface 105 and the further fixing surface 106. The first composite region 107 here is located at least partially between the first recess region 211 and the first fixing surface 105, and the second composite region 108 is located at least partially between the second recess region 212 and the first fixing surface 105, and the third composite region 501 is located at least partially between the third recess region 503 and the first fixing surface 105. The arrangement of the planar composite 101 and the two fixing elements 103, 104 during the bringing into contact of method step c) 903 corresponds to the arrangement of the device 100 in FIG. 6. The result of this is that during pressing on all three composite regions 107, 108, 501 as far as possible the same pressure is exerted. In a method step d) 904 the first composite layer 201 is joined to the second composite layer 202. For this an ultrasonic vibration is transferred from the sonotrode to the planar composite 101. The ultrasonic vibration is excited at 30 kHz and an amplitude of 10 μm for 200 ms. By this means the third polyethylene layer of the first composite layer 201, i.e. the polyethylene layer which overlaps the first barrier layer 206 on one side facing away from the first carrier layer 205, is heated to a temperature above its melting temperature. The joining is accordingly a sealing with this polyethylene layer. By this sealing the head region 112 of the container precursor 102 is closed and a closed container 1200 is thus obtained.
[0275] FIG. 10 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a folded planar composite 101 provided for the method 900 according to the invention from FIG. 9. The folded planar composite 101 is folded and sealed such that it forms a container precursor 102 according to FIG. 1a) having a longitudinal seam 111. The container precursor 102 here is open in its head region 112. The folded planar composite 101 comprises a first composite layer 201, a second composite layer 202, a third composite layer 203, a fourth composite layer 204 and a first composite region 107, a second composite region 108 and a third composite region 501. The first composite region 107 has a first width 109 of 3 mm. The second composite region 108 has a second width 110 of 5 mm. The third composite region 501 has a third width 502 of 4 mm. Between the first composite layer 201 and the second composite 202 is located an intermediate region 1000. As a result of this the container precursor 102, as mentioned above, is open in its head region 112. A person viewing FIG. 10 accordingly is looking into the opened container precursor 102 when looking at the intermediate region 1000. The structure of the four composite layers 201, 202, 203, 204 corresponds to the structure of the composite layers 201, 202, 203, 204 of the same name in FIG. 6. The first composite region 107 comprises a first layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the intermediate region 1000 through the first layer sequence the second composite layer 202, the third composite layer 203 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the first composite region 107 the second composite layer 202 is joined to the third composite layer 203 and the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204. In the first composite region 107 the third carrier layer 207 is characterised by a smaller layer thickness than in each case the first carrier layer 205, the second carrier layer 216 and the fourth carrier layer 210. The second composite region 108 comprises a second layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the intermediate region 1000 through the second layer sequence the second composite layer 202, the third composite layer 203 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the second composite region 108 the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204, but the second composite layer 202 is not joined to the third composite layer 203. In the second composite region 108 in each case the first carrier layer 205 and the fourth carrier layer 210 are characterised by a greater layer thickness than in each case the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207. The third composite region 501 is adjacent to the first composite region 107. The third composite region 501 comprises a third layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the intermediate region 1000 through the third layer sequence the second composite layer 202 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the third composite region 501 the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204. In the third composite region 501 the first carrier layer 205, the second carrier layer 216 and the fourth carrier layer 210 are characterised by a layer thickness of equal size.
[0276] FIG. 11a) shows a diagram of a method step i) of a method 900 according to the invention. In method step i) a planar composite 101 is provided. The planar composite 101 comprises a layer sequence 1101. The layer sequence 1101 comprises as layers overlapping one another a composite carrier layer 1105 and a composite barrier layer 1104. The composite barrier layer 1104 is an aluminium layer (aluminium EN A W 8079 from Hydro Aluminium Deutschland GmbH). The composite carrier layer 1105 is a cardboard layer (Stora Enso Natura T Duplex Doppelstrich from Stora Enso Oyj A G, Scott bond value of 200 J/m2, residual moisture content 7.5%). Between the composite carrier layer 1105 and the composite barrier layer 1104 is located a polyethylene layer (not shown, LDPE 19N430 from Ineos Köln GmbH). The planar composite can be divided into an edge region 1103 and an inside region 1102. The edge region 1103 is adjacent to the inside region 1102 at the broken line in FIG. 11a). In the inside region 1102 the planar composite 101 comprises a score 1115. Providing of the planar composite 101 in method step a) 901 of a method 900 according to the invention is realised by method steps i) to vi) illustrated in FIGS. 11a) to f).
[0277] FIG. 11b) shows a diagram of a method step ii) of a method 900 according to the invention. The method 900 is the same method 900 as in FIG. 11a). Method step ii) comprises reducing a layer thickness of the composite carrier layer 1105 in the edge region 1103. The reducing is carried out here as skiving of the composite carrier layer 1105 with a rotating cup blade. This is carried out with a skiving tool model VN 50 from Fortuna Spezialmaschinen GmbH, Weil der Stadt, Germany. The layer thickness of the composite carrier layer 1105 is thereby reduced by 25% of the original layer thickness.
[0278] FIG. 11c) shows a diagram of a method step iii) of a method 900 according to the invention. The method 900 is the same method 900 as in FIG. 11a). In method step iii) a fold 1106 is produced in the edge region 1103 and a first edge fold region 1107 and a further edge fold region 1108 are thus obtained. The first edge fold region 1107 and the further edge fold region 1108 are adjacent to one another along the fold 1106.
[0279] FIG. 11d) shows a diagram of a method step iv) of a method 900 according to the invention. The method 900 is the same method 900 as in FIG. 11a). Method step iv) comprises bringing into contact the first edge fold region 1107 with a first part 1109 of the further edge fold region 1108, and joining of a further part 1110 of the further edge fold region 1108 to the inside region 1102.
[0280] FIG. 11e) shows a diagram of a method step v) of a method 900 according to the invention. The method 900 is the same method 900 as in FIG. 11a). Method step v) comprises producing a further fold 1114 along the score 1115 in the inside region 1102 to obtain a first composite fold region 1111 and a further composite fold region 1112. The further composite fold region 1112 here comprises a part 1113 of the inside region 1102.
[0281] FIG. 11f) shows a diagram of a method step vi) of a method 900 according to the invention. The method 900 is the same method 900 as in FIG. 11a). Method step vi) comprises joining the first composite fold region 1111 to the first part 1109 of the further edge fold region 1108 and the further part 1110 of the further edge fold region 1108 and the part 1113 of the inside region 1102. The joining is thereby effected as a sealing. The sealing is carried out as bringing into contact, heating to a sealing temperature and pressing. The heating is carried out here by blowing on hot air. A container precursor 102 is thus produced in method steps i) to vi) of the method 900 by folding the planar composite 101 and producing a longitudinal seam 111.
[0282] FIG. 12 shows a diagram of a closed container 1200 according to the invention. The closed container 1200 is obtainable by the method 900 in FIG. 9. The closed container 1200 is made of a folded planar composite 101 constructed in one piece. The closed container 1200 surrounds an interior 113 which contains a foodstuff. The container 1200 has been closed in its head region 112 by the method 900 in FIG. 9. This closing was effected by ultrasonic sealing and therefore production of a head seam 1201.
[0283] FIG. 13a) shows a diagram of a further closed container 1300 according to the invention. This is made of a folded planar composite 101. Furthermore, the container 1300 surrounds an interior 113 which contains a foodstuff. In a head region 112, also called gable region, closed via a seam 1302 the container 1300 comprises a first composite region 107 and a second composite region 108. The first composite region 107 has a first width 109 of 2 mm. The second composite region 108 has a second width 110 of 4 mm. The first composite region 107 and the second composite region 108 are included in a longitudinal seam 111 of the container 1300. The longitudinal seam 111 extends over an entire length of the container 1300. Along the longitudinal seam 111 opposite ends of the folded planar composite 101 are joined to one another in order thus to form the container 1300. A depression 1301 in the planar composite 101, more precisely in a first seam region 1301 of the planar composite 101, runs along the seam 1302 (shown in FIG. 13b)). The seam 1302 and the depression 1301 cross the longitudinal seam 111. The depression 1301 has a width of 3 mm. The folded planar composite 101 surrounds the interior 113 on all sides, the planar composite 101 being constructed in one piece.
[0284] FIG. 13b) shows a diagram of a cross-section through the seam 1302 and the depression 1301 of the closed container 1300 in FIG. 13a). The depression 1301 has a depth of 0.5 mm. A first seam region 1303 and a further seam region 1304 are joined to one another along the seam 1302. The first seam region 1303 has the depression 1301 along the seam 1302.
[0285] FIG. 14 shows a diagram of a longitudinal section through the seam 1302 and the depression 1301 of the closed container 1300 in FIG. 13a). The further seam region 1304 comprises a first composite layer 201. The first seam region 1303 comprises a second composite layer 202, a third composite layer 203, a fourth composite layer 204 and a first composite region 107, a second composite region 108 and a third composite region 501. Between the first composite layer 201 and the second composite layer 202 is located the seam 1302, which is made of sealed polyethylene (LDPE 19N430 from Ineos Köln GmbH). The first composite region 107 has a first width 109 of 3 mm. The second composite region 108 has a second width 110 of 5 mm. The third composite region 501 has a third width 502 of 4 mm. The structure of the four composite layers 201, 202, 203, 204 corresponds to the structure of the composite layers 201, 202, 203, 204 of the same name in FIG. 6. The first composite region 107 comprises a first layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the seam 1302 through the first layer sequence the second composite layer 202, the third composite layer 203 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the first composite region 107 the second composite layer 202 is joined to the third composite layer 203 and the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204. With respect to the first composite region 107 the third carrier layer 207 is characterised by a smaller layer thickness than in each case the first carrier layer 205, the second carrier layer 216 and the fourth carrier layer 210. The second composite region 108 comprises a second layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the seam 1302 through the second layer sequence the second composite layer 202, the third composite layer 203 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the second composite region 108 the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204, but the second composite layer 202 is not joined to the third composite layer 203. With respect to the second composite region 108 in each case the first carrier layer 205 and the fourth carrier layer 210 are characterised by a greater layer thickness than in each case the second carrier layer 216 and the third carrier layer 207. The third composite region 501 is adjacent to the first composite region 107. The third composite region 501 comprises a third layer sequence comprising as layers overlapping one another in the direction from the seam 1302 through the third layer sequence the second composite layer 202 and the fourth composite layer 204. In the third composite region 501 the third composite layer 203 is joined to the fourth composite layer 204. With respect to the third composite region 501 the first carrier layer 205, the second carrier layer 216 and the fourth carrier layer 210 are characterised by a layer thickness of equal size.
[0286] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a cross-section of an arrangement 1500, which is not according to the invention, for sealing a head region of a container precursor. The arrangement 1500 is the arrangement 1500 according to Comparative Example 1. The sealing of the head region is effected here by blowing on hot air 1501. The blowing on is indicated by the arrows in FIG. 15.
[0287] FIG. 16 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further arrangement 1600, which is not according to the invention, for sealing a head region of a container precursor. The arrangement 1600 is the arrangement 1600 according to Comparative Example 2. The sealing of the head region is effected here by ultrasound, which is transferred to the laminate by means of a sonotrode (further fixing element 104). The contact surfaces, the first fixing surface 105 and the further fixing surface 106, of the anvil 103 and the sonotrode 104, are flat in construction.
[0288] FIG. 17 shows a diagram of a cross-section of an arrangement 1700 according to the invention for sealing a head region of a container precursor. The arrangement 1700 is the arrangement 1700 according to Example 1. The sealing of the head region is effected here by ultrasound, which is transferred to the laminate by means of a sonotrode (further fixing element 104). The contact surface of the anvil (first fixing element 103), that is to say the first fixing surface 105, comprises a recess 217 for accommodating the thickening of the longitudinal seam.
[0289] FIG. 18 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further arrangement 1800 according to the invention for sealing a head region of a container precursor. The arrangement 1800 is the arrangement 1800 according to Example 2. The sealing of the head region is effected here by ultrasound, which is transferred to the laminate by means of a sonotrode (further fixing element 104). The contact surface of the anvil (first fixing element 103), that is to say the first fixing surface 105, comprises a recess 217 for accommodating the thickening of the longitudinal seam. In contrast to Example 1 the skived third composite layer 203 is laid completely on the skived region of the second composite layer 202.
[0290] FIG. 19 shows a diagram of a cross-section of a further arrangement 1900 according to the invention for sealing a head region of a container precursor. The arrangement 1900 is the arrangement 1900 according to Example 3. In contrast to FIG. 3 the first fixing element 103 (anvil) here comprises a recess having a constant depth over the entire recess.
LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS
[0291] 100 Device according to the invention
[0292] 101 Planar composite
[0293] 102 Container precursor
[0294] 103 First fixing element
[0295] 104 Further fixing element
[0296] 105 First fixing surface
[0297] 106 Further fixing surface
[0298] 107 First composite region
[0299] 108 Second composite region
[0300] 109 First width
[0301] 110 Second width
[0302] 111 Longitudinal seam
[0303] 112 Head region
[0304] 113 Interior
[0305] 201 First composite layer
[0306] 202 Second composite layer
[0307] 203 Third composite layer
[0308] 204 Fourth composite layer
[0309] 205 First carrier layer
[0310] 206 First barrier layer
[0311] 207 Third carrier layer
[0312] 208 Third barrier layer
[0313] 209 Fourth barrier layer
[0314] 210 Fourth carrier layer
[0315] 211 First recess region
[0316] 212 Second recess region
[0317] 213 First maximum depth
[0318] 214 Second maximum depth
[0319] 215 Second barrier layer
[0320] 216 Second carrier layer
[0321] 217 Recess
[0322] 501 Third composite region
[0323] 502 Third width
[0324] 503 Third recess region
[0325] 504 Third maximum depth
[0326] 801 Length
[0327] 802 Width
[0328] 803 Straight line
[0329] 804 First edge/straight first edge section
[0330] 805 Further edge/straight further edge section
[0331] 806 Angle
[0332] 900 Method according to the invention
[0333] 901 Method step a)
[0334] 902 Method step b)
[0335] 903 Method step c)
[0336] 904 Method step d)
[0337] 1000 Intermediate region
[0338] 1101 Layer sequence
[0339] 1102 Inside region
[0340] 1103 Edge region
[0341] 1104 Composite barrier layer
[0342] 1105 Composite carrier layer
[0343] 1106 Fold
[0344] 1107 First edge fold region
[0345] 1108 Further edge fold region
[0346] 1109 First part of the further edge fold region
[0347] 1110 Further part of the further edge fold region
[0348] 1111 First composite fold region
[0349] 1112 Further composite fold region
[0350] 1113 Part of the interior
[0351] 1114 Further fold
[0352] 1115 Score
[0353] 1200 Closed container according to the invention
[0354] 1201 Head seam
[0355] 1300 Closed container according to the invention
[0356] 1301 Depression
[0357] 1302 Seam
[0358] 1303 First seam region
[0359] 1304 Further seam region
[0360] 1500 Arrangement for sealing the head region according to Comparative Example 1
[0361] 1501 Hot air
[0362] 1600 Arrangement for sealing the head region according to Comparative Example 2
[0363] 1700 Arrangement for sealing the head region according to Example 1
[0364] 1800 Arrangement for sealing the head region according to Example 2
[0365] 1900 Arrangement for sealing the head region according to Example 3
