COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR REDUCING THE DRYING TIME OF SOLID SUBSTRATES

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition and process for reducing the drying time of solid substrate. A cationic surfactant in combination with low molecular weight dimethylpolysiloxanes provide for a faster water drainage.

Claims

1. A composition for reducing the drying time of solid substrates, comprising: a) One or more quaternary ammonium surfactant(s) according to the following general structure ##STR00003## with the provision that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are C.sub.11-C.sub.21 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, which may be the same or different and may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, and C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are C.sub.1-C.sub.3 linear or branched hydrocarbon groups, which may be the same or different, and X.sup.− is selected from Cl.sup.−, Br.sup.−, I.sup.−, sulfate, and methosulfate, and b) one or more dimethylpolysiloxane(s) having a weight average molecular weight M.sub.w in a range of 190 g/mol to 6000 g/mol determined by gel permeation chromatography, wherein a total concentration of compounds according to a) is in a range of 0.1% to less than 5% by weight, calculated to the based on a total weight of the composition, and wherein a weight ratio of the compounds a) to b) is in a range of 0.075 to 8.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound according to a) has the following general structure ##STR00004## with the provision that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are C.sub.11-C.sub.21 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, which may be the same or different and may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, and C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy, and X.sup.− is selected from Cl.sup.−, Br.sup.−, I.sup.−, sulfate, and methosulfate.

3-15. (canceled)

16. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound according to a) is bis-(isostearoyl/oleoyl isopropyl) dimonium methosulfate.

17. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the total concentration of compounds according to a) is in the range of 0.2% by weight to 4% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

18. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a total concentration of compounds according to b) is in a range of 0.2% to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

19. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the total concentration of compounds according to b) is in the range of 2% to 5% by weight, calculated to the total weight of the composition.

20. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the compounds a) to b) is in the range of 0.15 to 3.

21. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises one or more lipophilic compound(s) as compound according to c) which is different from the compounds according to b).

22. The composition according to claim 1, which comprises one or more lipophilic compound(s) as compounds according to c) selected from fatty alcohols having a branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl chain, esters of alcohols having a linear or branched C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 alkyl chain with fatty acids having a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl chain, vegetable oils, and petrolatum-based products, and/or their mixtures.

23. The composition according to claim 1, wherein one or more lipophilic compound(s) as compound according to c) is selected from fatty alcohols having branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.14 to C.sub.18 alkyl chains.

24. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a total concentration of compounds according to c) is in a range of 0.1% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

25. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a pH of the composition is in a range of 3 to 8.

26. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a pH of the composition is in a range of 3.5 to 6.5.

27. The composition according to claim 1, which comprises one or more surfactant(s) different from a).

28. The composition according to claim 27, wherein the one or more surfactant(s) different from a) is selected from cationic surfactants and non-ionic surfactants.

29. The composition according to claim 1, which is an emulsion.

30. The composition according to claim 1, which is applied onto human hair.

31. A method for reducing the drying time of solid substrates, the method comprising: a) contacting the solid substrate with an aqueous composition, b) applying the composition according to claim 1 onto the substrate, c) leaving the composition onto the substrate for a time period of 10 s to 600 s, d) rinsing-off the solid substrate with water, e) leaving the solid substrate for allowing drainage of water, and f) optionally drying the substrate with a heating device delivering an air temperature in a range of 35° C. to 230° C.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein between steps d) and f) no towel drying is performed.

33. A method of using the composition according to claim 1 for enhancing water drainage from solid substrates.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] The composition is suitable to reduce the drying time on various solid substrates such as wood, concrete, plastic surfaces, metal surfaces, and fiber surfaces. Suitable fiber surfaces are cotton, keratin fibers such as wool and hair. A suitable solid keratin substrate also is skin, preferably human skin. However, the present invention is particularly suitable for human keratin fibers, preferably human hair, from the viewpoint of its safety for human application.

[0030] Compounds According to a)

[0031] Suitable compounds according to a) falling into the ambit of the structure according to claim 1 are displayed in Table 1.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Suitable compounds according to a): Trade name CAS/INCI R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 Varisoft EQ100* Quaternium 98 Iso-stearoyl Oleoyl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 n.a. 1862231-90-0 C.sub.16 alkyl C.sub.16 alkyl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 n.a. 32208-07-4 C.sub.18 alkyl C.sub.18 alkyl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 n.a. 112065-30-2 C.sub.18 alkenyl C.sub.18 alkenyl CH.sub.3 CH.sub.3 *Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH

[0032] It is preferred from the viewpoint of biodegradability that the compound according to a) has the following general structure

##STR00002##

[0033] with the provision that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are C.sup.11-C.sup.21 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, which may be the same or different and may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, hydroxyl, amino, and C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkoxy, and X.sup.− is selected from Cl.sup.−, Br, I.sup.−, sulfate, and methosulfate,

[0034] The most preferred compound according to a) is bis-(isostearoyl/oleoyl isopropyl) dimonium and/or its salt(s), from the viewpoint of commercial availability as well as biodegradability. Its suitable salts are Cl.sup.−, Br, I.sup.−, sulfate, and methosulfate.

[0035] The most preferred compound according to a) is bis-(isostearoyl/oleoyl isopropyl) dimonium methosulfate, from the viewpoint of commercial availability as well as biodegradability. The compound is available under the trade name Varisoft EQ100 from Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH and has an INCI name registration application as Quaternium 98.

[0036] The total concentration of compounds according to a) is 0.1% A by weight or more, preferably 0.2% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more, further more preferably 1% A by weight or more, calculated to the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of water drainage, appearance and bundle separation.

[0037] The total concentration of compounds according to a) is less than 5% by weight, preferably 4% by weight or less, further more preferably 3% by weight or less, still further more preferably 2% by weight or less, calculated to the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of water drainage, appearance, and bundle separation.

[0038] For attaining the above-mentioned effects, the total concentration of compounds according to a) is in the range of 0.1% by weight to less than 5% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.2% by weight to 4% by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.5% by weight to 3% by weight, still more preferably in the range of 0.5% by weight to 2% by weight, still more preferably in the range of 1% A by weight to 2% by weight, calculated to the total weight of the composition.

[0039] Compounds According to b)

[0040] For compounds according to b), weight average molecular weight needs to be determined. Molecular weight determination for measuring Mw according to the present invention is suitably conducted by gel permeation chromatography.

[0041] The weight average molecular weight Mw of compound b) is determined by the method described below.

[0042] A sample is dissolved in chloroform at 25° C., so as to have a concentration of 0.5 g/100 mL. Using the following measurement apparatus and analytical column, chloroform is allowed to flow as an eluent at a rate of 1.0 ml per minute, and the column is stabilized in a thermostat at 40° C. One-hundred microliters of the sample solution is injected to the column to take the measurements. The detectors for detecting the compounds during chromatography are refractive index detectors The molecular weight of the sample is calculated on the basis of a calibration curve previously prepared. As the calibration curve of the molecular weight, one prepared by using several kinds of monodisperse polystyrenes as a standard sample is used.

[0043] Measurement Apparatus: HLC-8320GPC commercially available from Tosoh Corporation.

[0044] Analytical Column: K-804L +K-804L commercially available from SHOWA DENKO K.K.

[0045] Thus, the weight average molecular weight Mw of compound b) is preferably 190 g/mol or more, more preferably 260 g/mol or more, further more preferably 320 mol/g or more, determined by gel permeation chromatography, from the viewpoint of water drainage and appearance.

[0046] The weight average molecular weight Mw of compound b) is preferably 6000 g/mol or less, more preferably 5200 g/mol or less, further more preferably 2300 mol/g or less, still further more preferably 1300 mol/g or less, still further more preferably 760 mol/g or less, determined by gel permeation chromatography, from the viewpoint of water drainage, appearance and bundle separation.

[0047] For attaining the above-mentioned effects, the weight average molecular weight Mw of compound b) is in the range of 190 g/mol to 6000 g/mol, more preferably in the range of 190 g/mol to 5200 g/mol, further more preferably in the range of 190 g/mol to 2300 g/mol, still further more preferably in the range of 260 g/mol to 1300 g/mol, still further more preferably in the range of 320 g/mol to 760 g/mol, determined by gel permeation chromatography.

[0048] The viscosity at 25° C. of compound b) is preferably 0.65 mm.sup.2/s or more, more preferably 1 mm.sup.2/s or more, further more preferably 1.5 mm.sup.2/s or more, from the viewpoint of water drainage and appearance.

[0049] The viscosity at 25° C. of compound b) is preferably 60 mm.sup.2/s or less, more preferably 50 mm.sup.2/s or less, further more preferably 20 mm.sup.2/s, still further more preferably 10 mm.sup.2/s or less, still further more preferably 5 mm.sup.2/s or less, from the viewpoint of water drainage, appearance and bundle separation.

[0050] For attaining the above-mentioned effects, the viscosity at 25° C. of compound b) is in the range of 0.65 mm.sup.2/s to 60 mm.sup.2/s, more preferably in the range of 0.65 mm.sup.2/s to 50 mm.sup.2/s, further more preferably in the range of 0.65 mm.sup.2/s to 20 mm.sup.2/s still further more preferably in the range of 1 mm.sup.2/s to 10 mm.sup.2/s, still further more preferably in the range of 1.5 mm.sup.2/s to 5 mm.sup.2/s.

[0051] The viscosity at 25° C. of compound b) is measured with an Ubbelohde viscometer according to ASTM D 445-46 T or JIS Z 8803.

[0052] It is preferred that the total concentration of compounds according to b) is 0.2% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, further more preferably 1% by weight or more, still further more preferably 2% by weight or more, calculated to the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of water drainage, appearance, and bundle separation.

[0053] It is preferred that the total concentration of compounds according to b) is 20% by weight or less, preferably 15% by weight or less, more preferably 10% by weight or less, still more preferably 5% by weight or less, calculated to the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of appearance and cost of goods aspect.

[0054] For attaining the above mentioned effects, the total concentration of compounds according to b) is in the range of 0.2% to 20% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.2% to 15% by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.5% to 15% by weight, further more preferably in the range of 1% to 10% by weight, still further more preferably in the range of 2% to 5% by weight, calculated to the total weight of the composition.

[0055] Preferably, the weight ratio of the compounds a) to b) is in the range of 0.07 to 8, more preferably in the range of 0.15 to 3, more preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1, still further more preferably in the range of 0.4 to 0.8, from the viewpoint of water drainage, appearance, and bundle separation.

[0056] Compounds According to c)

[0057] In one aspect of the present invention, the composition further preferably comprises as compound c) one or more lipophilic compound(s) different from the compounds according to b), from the viewpoint of enhancing care level to keratin fibers.

[0058] Suitable one or more lipophilic compound(s) different from the compounds according to b) may preferably be selected from fatty alcohols having a branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl chain, esters of alcohols having a linear or branched C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 alkyl chain with fatty acids having a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl chain, vegetable oils, and petrolatum-based products, and/or their mixtures, from the viewpoint of cosmetic safety and enhancing care level on keratin fibers.

[0059] It is further preferred that one or more lipophilic compound(s) different from the compounds according to b) is selected from fatty alcohols having branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.14 to C.sub.18 alkyl chains, preferably saturated C.sub.14 to C.sub.18 alkyl chains, and/or their mixtures, more preferably it is a mixture of fatty alcohols having saturated and linear C.sub.14 and C.sub.16 alkyl chains, from the viewpoint of enhancing care level on keratin fibers, and good compatibility with hair conditioning products.

[0060] Suitable fatty alcohols having branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl chains are, for example, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, pentadecyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, heptadecyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, nonadecyl alcohol, arachidyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and/or their mixtures.

[0061] The preferred fatty alcohols are myristyl alcohol and cetyl alcohol, whereas the mixtures of the aforementioned two compounds is most preferred, from the viewpoint of enhancing care level on keratin fibers, and good compatibility with hair conditioning products.

[0062] Suitable esters of alcohols having a linear or branched C.sub.3 to C.sub.18 alkyl chain with fatty acids having a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl chain are isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl myristate, octyl palmitate, isocetyl palmitate, octyl stearate, oleyl oleate, ethylhexyl hydroxystearate, myristyl myristate, behenyl behenate, and/or their mixtures.

[0063] Suitable vegetable oils are jojoba oil, avocado oil, sunflower seed oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, palm oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, safflower oil, sweet almond oil, macadamia nut oil, grapefruit seed oil, lemon kernel oil, orange kernel oil, apricot kernel oil, castor oil, argan oil, tamanu oil, grape seed oil, meadowfoam seed oil, black current seed oil, jasmine oil, bergamot fruit oil, basil oil, rice bran/germ oil, and/or their mixtures.

[0064] Suitable petrolatum-based products are liquid paraffins, especially paraffinum perliquidum and paraffinum subliquidum, and mineral oil, in particular white mineral oil, and/or their mixtures.

[0065] It is preferred that the total concentration of lipophilic compounds different from the compounds according to b) is 0.1° A by weight or more, more preferably 0.5% by weight or more, further more preferably 0.75% by weight or more, calculated to the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of providing sufficient conditioning effect to keratin fibers.

[0066] It is preferred that the total concentration of lipophilic compounds different from the compounds according to b) is 10% by weight or less, more preferably 6% by weight or less, further more preferably 4% by weight or less, calculated to the total weight of the composition, from the viewpoint of cost of goods and stability of an aqueous composition.

[0067] Suitably, for attaining the above-mentioned effects, the total concentration of lipophilic compounds different from the compounds according to b) is in the range of 0.1° A to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5% to 6% by weight, more preferably 0.75% to 4% by weight, calculated to the total weight of the composition.

[0068] It is preferred within this aspect of the present invention that the composition is an emulsion from the viewpoint of stability of the composition.

[0069] Other Surfactants Different from a)

[0070] For formulating an emulsion and from the viewpoint of further enhancing the stability of the composition, it may comprise one or more surfactant(s) different from a), preferably selected from cationic surfactants and/or non-ionic surfactants.

[0071] It is preferred from the viewpoint of enhancing composition stability and/or enhancing conditioning effect to keratin fibers that the total concentration of surfactants different from a) is in the range of 0.1° A to 10% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.25% to 6% by weight, calculated to the total weight of the composition.

[0072] It is further preferred from the viewpoint of cosmetic acceptance of the composition that the pH of the composition is in the range of 3 to 8, preferably in the range of 3.0 to 7, more preferably in the range of 3.0 to 6.5, further more preferably in the range of 3.0 to 4.5, from the viewpoint of user application in a conditioning composition.

[0073] The following examples are to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit it.

EXAMPLES

[0074]

TABLE-US-00002 Comparative Working Examples Examples 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 % by weight Com- Compound a) Quaternium-98 *1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.2 0.5 1.5 1.5 5 position Compound b) DMPS (1 mm.sup.2/s, M.sub.w 260)*2 2.5 — — — — — — — — — — — DMPS (2 mm.sup.2/s, M.sub.w 392)*3 — 2.5 — 0.2 0.5 10 2.5 2.5 2.5 — — 2.5 DMPS (50 mm.sup.2/s, M.sub.w 5130)*4 — — 2.5 — — — — — — — — — DMPS (100 mm.sup.2/s, M.sub.w 8870)*5 — — — — — — — — — — 2.5 — Lipophilic compound Fatty alcohol (C.sub.14/.sub.16)*6 — — — — — — 5 — — — — — NaOH/HCl Ad pH 3.7 ± 0.5 Water Ad 100.0 Ratio [(a/b)] 0.6 0.6 0.6 7.5 3 0.15 0.6 0.08 0.2 0.6 2 Evaluati Water Drainage (%) 52.3 54.5 53.4 50.0 51.9 57.2 51.5 53.7 54.6 41.9 49.6 53.0 Appearance (Δ E.sub.ab) 9.0 8.0 10.2 10.5 9.1 10.0 9.2 8.8 8.7 14.4 12.1 16.2 Bundle Separation 9 9 8 8 9 9 8 8 8 5 5 3 *1 Varisoft EQ100 obtained from Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH *2-5 KF-96 1 cs - 100 cs series obtained from Shin-Etsu Chemical Co. Ltd., DMPS = dimethylpolysiloxane *6 KALCOL 4098/KALCOL 6098 obtained from Kao Corp., mixing weight ratio 2 parts KALCOL 4098, 1 part KALCOL 6098

[0075] Methods

[0076] Preparation of Hair Streaks for Water Drainage Measurements

[0077] Human hair fibers (Caucasian, 15 cm long) were purchased from Fischbach and Miller Haar, Laupheim, Germany. Hair fibers were merged to yield about 10 g hair per streak. The merged hair streaks were bleached twice with a bleaching solution and comprising 6% by weight ammonia (25% active) and 2% by weight ammonium chloride having a pH of 9.8, and 6% by weight hydrogen peroxide (50% active). The hair streaks were fully immersed with the bleaching solution in a water bath for 30 min per bleaching session. After completing the 2 bleaching treatments, the streaks were rinsed with water for 2 min, combed, and allowed to air-dry.

[0078] Water Drainage Measurements

[0079] As a first step, dry weights of the merged hair streaks were determined. For this purpose, each streak was allowed to be wetted with water in a beaker for 15 min, then they were shampooed with a commercial shampoo available under the brand name Goldwell Dualsenses Scalp Specialist Deep Cleansing Shampoo, rinsed with lukewarm water for 1.5 min, and allowed to completely air-dry. Dry weights (M.sub.0) were recorded.

[0080] For determination of wet weight (M.sub.1) the hair streaks were allowed to be wetted for 12 min in a shaking bath filled with water. 5 g of the composition of the examples above was applied to each merged hair streak, the streaks were massaged for 1 min and the composition was allowed to rest for 2 min. The compositions were then rinsed off with lukewarm water for 1 min and water was allowed to drain for 2 min. Hair streaks were then centrifuged for 5 min 30 s (70 rpm, ˜0.44 g) and after centrifugation the wet weights (M.sub.1) of the streaks were determined. Water drainage (%) was then calculated according to the following equation:

[00001]$\mathrm{Water}\mathrm{drainage}\left(\%\right)=\left(1-\frac{M_1-M_0}{M_0}\right).Math.100\%$

[0081] Appearance Measurements

[0082] Caucasian blond hair streaks were obtained from volunteers and merged as described above, but not bleached. The streaks were the shampooed with a commercially available shampoo under the brand name Goldwell Dualsenses Scalp Specialist Deep Cleansing Shampoo, thoroughly rinsed, and allowed to air-dry completely. After complete air-drying of the hair streaks, dry hair color was measured by spectrophotometrical analysis with a Datacolor 45G CT instrument obtained from Datacolor Inc., Lawrenceville, N.J., USA. 5 measurements points on the hair streaks were averaged (L.sub.1, a.sub.1, b.sub.1).

[0083] Hair streaks were then washed again with a commercially available shampoo under the brand name Goldwell Scalp Specialist Deep Cleansing Shampoo and rinsed-off with water. Then 3 g of the example compositions from above were applied onto the hair streaks, massaged for 1 min, and allowed to rest for 1 min. The streaks were then rinsed with lukewarm water for 1 min and water was drained by squeezing the hair streaks with the operator's finger. Then the streaks were blotted dry with a towel applying constant pressure onto the hair streaks (under use of a defined weight) for 30 s. The hair streaks were then combed through and color measurements of wet streaks were conducted at 5 different positions on the streak (L.sub.2, a.sub.2, b.sub.2) Based on the CIE*Lab color space results obtained by the measurements, Δ E.sub.ab values for color difference were calculated according to the following equation:

E.sub.ab=√{square root over ((L.sub.2−L.sub.1).sup.2+(a.sub.2−a.sub.1).sup.2+(b.sub.2−b.sub.1).sup.2)}

[0084] Bundle Separation Measurements

[0085] Hair streaks were prepared as for appearance measurements. After complete air-drying, the streaks were immersed with 3 g of the example compositions, thoroughly rinsed with lukewarm water, and towel-dried. Bundle separation was then evaluated independently by 3 experts without providing details of the composition to the experts prior to their evaluation. The experts were asked to visually judge and rate the bundle separation according to the following criteria:

[0086] 3: completely separated (many small bundles)

[0087] 2: partially separated (some big and small bundles)

[0088] 1: little separation (many big bundles)

[0089] The judgements of the experts were then added to yield a total score and are reported as integer numbers.