MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR ANISOTROPIC BONDED MAGNET

Abstract

A manufacturing method for a bonded magnet, in particular a manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet. The present invention solves the problem that the existing manufacturing method under the condition of heating magnetic powders performs magnetic field orientation after a binder is melted, resulting in low production efficiency, a complicated mould structure, high process costs, thereby affecting wide use of an anisotropic bonded magnet. A manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet comprising the following steps: 1) mixing anisotropic magnetic powders and a thermosetting binder; 2) adding the mixture of step 1) to a mould cavity, performing pressure forming under an oriented magnetic field, and performing demagnetization, so as to obtain a green body; and 3) loading the green body of step 2) into a vacuum furnace for thermal curing, so as to obtain an anisotropic bonded magnet. In the present application, forming is performed in a magnetic field at normal temperature or in a cold state, avoiding magnetic powders being bonded to each other, improving the effect of magnetic field orientation, and the mould has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and provides high efficiency, thereby lowering cost.

Claims

1. A manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet, comprising the following steps: 1) mixing anisotropic magnetic powder and a thermosetting binder; 2) adding the mixture of the step 1) to a mould cavity, performing pressure forming under an orientated magnetic field, and performing demagnetization, so as to obtain a green body; and 3) loading the green body of the step 2) into a vacuum furnace for thermal curing, so as to obtain an anisotropic bonded magnet.

2. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 1, wherein, in the step 1), the anisotropic magnetic powder is any one of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder, or any mixture of two or more of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder in any ratio.

3. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 1, wherein the binder is manufactured into powder.

4. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 3, wherein the binder powder has a particle size of 5 μm to 100 μm, and is added in an amount that is 2% to 4% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder.

5. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 1, wherein a hot pressing step is added between the step 2) and the step 3), that is, the green body obtained in the step 2) is preheated in a vacuum furnace before thermal curing; the green body after preheating is taken out from the vacuum furnace and immediately put into a hot-pressing mould with the same preheating temperature for hot pressing, and the hot pressing process is completed in a protective atmosphere of nitrogen.

6. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 5, wherein a nylon binder is used in the step 1), and the green body after the hot pressing step is used as a finished product.

7. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 5, wherein, before the step 1), the anisotropic magnetic powder is treated as follows: a coupling agent, a surfactant and a lubricant are diluted with absolute ethanol or acetone in an amount that is 5 to 20 times of the total weight of the coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant to obtain a diluted solution, and the diluted solution in an amount that is 0.3% to 1.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder is added to the anisotropic magnetic powder and then mixed uniformly.

8. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 5, wherein, in the step 2), the intensity of the orientated magnetic field is greater than 1.2 T, and the forming pressure is 30 MPa to 100 MPa; in the hot pressing step, preheating is performed for 10 min to 60 min at a temperature of 90° C. to 200° C. and at a vacuum degree of 1 Pa to 200 Pa, and hot pressing is performed at a pressure of 300 MPa to 700 MPa; and in the step 3), thermal curing is performed for 1.5 h to 3 h at a temperature of 120° C. to 160° C.

9. A manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet, comprising the following steps: 1) preparing a polyurethane binder: dissolving polyurethane into a diluent; 2) mixing the prepared polyurethane binder with anisotropic magnetic powder, and volatilizing the diluent to obtain anisotropic magnetic powder particles coated with polyurethane; 3) adding the anisotropic magnetic powder particles coated with polyurethane to a mould cavity, performing pressure forming under an oriented magnetic field, and demagnetizing to obtain a green body; and 4) curing the green body to obtain a finished product.

10. The manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet according to claim 9, wherein, in the step 1), the weight ratio of the polyurethane to the diluent is 1:1.5-4.0, and a curing agent in an amount that is 7% to 9% of the weight of the polyurethane is added in the prepared polyurethane binder; in the step 2), the amount of the prepared polyurethane binder is 1.5% to 2.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder, and the anisotropic magnetic powder is any one of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder, or any mixture of two or more of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder in any ratio; in the step 3), the forming pressure is 120 MPa to 700 MPa, the intensity of the oriented magnetic field is 1.5 T to 2.0 T, and the orientation time is 10 s to 20 s; and in the step 4), curing is performed for 30 min to 60 min in a drying oven at a temperature of 60° C. to 100° C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

Embodiment 1

[0018] A manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet is provided, including the following steps:

[0019] 1) mixing anisotropic magnetic powder and a thermosetting binder;

[0020] 2) adding the mixture of the step 1) to a mould cavity, performing pressure forming under an orientated magnetic field, and performing demagnetization, so as to obtain a green body; and

[0021] 3) loading the green body of the step 2) into a vacuum furnace for thermal curing , so as to obtain an anisotropic bonded magnet.

[0022] In the step 1), the anisotropic magnetic powder is any one of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder, or any mixture of two or more of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder in any ratio. The thermosetting binder is a thermosetting resin. The binder may also be replaced with a nylon binder. The thermosetting binder is thermosetting binder powder, and the nylon binder is nylon binder powder. The binder powder has a particle size of 3 μm to 100 μm (e.g., 3 μm, 10 μm, 30 μm, 42 μm, 50 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 87 μm, 90 μm or 100 μm), and is added in an amount that is 2% to 4% (e.g., 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.7% or 4%) of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder.

[0023] In the step 2), the intensity of the oriented magnetic field is greater than 1.2 T, and the forming pressure is 30 MPa to 100 MPa (e.g., 30 MPa, 50 MPa, 67 MPa, 75 MPa, 80 MPa, 90 MPa or 100 MPa).

[0024] In the step 3), thermal curing is performed for 1.5 h to 3 h (e.g., 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.3 h or 3 h) at a temperature of 120° C. to 160° C. (e.g., 120° C., 130° C., 145° C., 153° C. or 160° C.). Subsequently, natural cooling or forced air cooling is performed in nitrogen.

[0025] For magnets that require higher performance and higher strength, a hot pressing step is added between the step 2) and the step 3), that is, the green body obtained in the step 2) is preheated in a vacuum furnace before thermal curing; After the preheating is completed, the green body is taken out from the vacuum furnace and immediately placed into a hot-pressing mould with the same preheating temperature for hot pressing. The hot pressing process is completed in a protective atmosphere of nitrogen. Preheating is performed for 10 min to 60 min (e.g., 10 min, 17 min, 25 min, 33 min, 46 min, 50 min or 60 min) at a temperature of 90° C. to 200° C. (e.g., 90° C., 100° C., 135° C., 150° C., 177° C., 190° C. or 200° C.) and at a vacuum degree of 1 Pa to 200 Pa (e.g., 1 Pa, 5 Pa, 10 Pa, 50 Pa, 87 Pa, 100 Pa, 150 Pa, 188 Pa or 200 Pa). Hot pressing is performed at a pressure of 300 MPa to 700 MPa (e.g., 300 MPa, 330 MPa, 450 MPa, 500 MPa, 620 MPa or 700 MPa).

[0026] If the nylon binder is used in the step 1), the green body obtained after the hot pressing step is used as a finished product.

[0027] Before the step 1), the anisotropic magnetic powder is treated as follows: a coupling agent, a surfactant and a lubricant are diluted with absolute ethanol or acetone in an amount that is 5 to 20 times of the total weight of the coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant to obtain a diluted solution, and the diluted solution in an amount that is 0.3% to 1.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder is added to the anisotropic magnetic powder and then mixed uniformly. The amount of each of the coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant is 1% to 4.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder. The surfactant is one of Tween-80, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and triethylene glycol. The coupling agent is one of silane coupling agent (KH-570), titanate, aluminate, phosphate, zirconate and stannate. The lubricant is ethyl stearate.

[0028] Instance:

[0029] 1) Powder pretreatment: anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder having a mass percentage of 80% and anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder having a mass percentage of 20% were mixed for 5 min in a mixer to obtain anisotropic magnetic powder. The silane coupling agent (KH-570) having a mass percentage of 1.5%, the surfactant Tween-80 having a mass percentage of 3% and the lubricant ethyl stearate having a mass percentage of 2% were diluted with absolute ethanol in an amount that was 10 times of the total weight of the silane coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant, then stirred uniformly, added in an amount that was 1% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder to the anisotropic magnetic powder, and mixed uniformly in a mixer.

[0030] 2) The anisotropic magnetic powder pretreated in 1) and epoxy resin powder in an amount that was 2% of the weight of the magnetic powder were mixed for 10 min in a cold state.

[0031] 3) The mixed powder obtained in 2) was added to a mould cavity, subjected to cold pressing at a preforming pressure of 50 MPa under a magnetic field having an intensity of 1.2 T, and demagnetized to obtain a green body.

[0032] 4) The green body obtained in 3) was put into a vacuum furnace for preheating for 50 min at a temperature of 90° C.

[0033] 5) After the preheating is completed, the green body was taken out from the vacuum furnace and immediately put into a hot pressing mould having a temperature the same as (or near) the preheating temperature for hot pressing. The hot pressing process needs to be performed in a protective atmosphere of nitrogen at a pressure of 600 MPa.

[0034] 6) The green body was transferred to a vacuum drying oven for thermal curing for 2 h at a curing temperature of 150° C. Subsequently, nitrogen was fed, and the green body was cooled to room temperature.

[0035] Thus, an anisotropic bonded magnet having a density of 6.25 g/cm.sup.3, a magnetic energy product (BH).sub.Max of 24.5 MGOe and a coercivity of 14 KOe was obtained.

Embodiment 2

[0036] A manufacturing method for an anisotropic bonded magnet is provided, including the following steps:

[0037] 1) preparing a polyurethane binder: dissolving polyurethane into a diluent;

[0038] 2) mixing the prepared polyurethane binder with anisotropic magnetic powder, and volatilizing the diluent to obtain anisotropic magnetic powder particles coated with polyurethane;

[0039] 3) adding the anisotropic magnetic powder particles coated with polyurethane to a mould cavity, performing pressure forming under an oriented magnetic field, and demagnetizing to obtain a green body; and

[0040] 4) curing the green body to obtain a finished product.

[0041] In the step 1), the weight ratio of the polyurethane to the diluent is 1:1.5-4.0, and a curing agent in an amount that is 7% to 9% of the weight of the polyurethane is added in the prepared polyurethane binder. For example, the curing agent is biuret polyisocyanate, and the diluent is absolute ethanol.

[0042] In the step 2), the amount of the prepared polyurethane binder is 1.5% to 2.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder, and the anisotropic magnetic powder is any one of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder, or any mixture of two or more of anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder, anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder, anisotropic ferrite magnetic powder and anisotropic samarium-cobalt magnetic powder in any ratio.

[0043] In the step 3), the forming pressure is 120 MPa to 700 MPa, the intensity of the oriented magnetic field is 1.5 T to 2.0 T, and the orientation time is 10 s to 20 s.

[0044] In the step 4), curing is performed for 30 min to 60 min in a drying oven at a temperature of 60° C. to 100° C.

[0045] In the step 2), before the anisotropic magnetic powder is mixed with the prepared polyurethane binder, the anisotropic magnetic powder is treated as follows: a coupling agent, a surfactant and a lubricant are diluted with absolute ethanol or acetone in an amount that is 5 to 20 times of the total weight of the coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant to obtain a diluted solution, and the diluted solution in an amount that is 0.3% to 1.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder is added to the anisotropic magnetic powder and then mixed uniformly. The amount of each of the coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant is 1% to 4.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder. The surfactant is one of Tween-80, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and triethyleneglycol. The coupling agent is one of silane coupling agent (KH-570), titanate, aluminate, phosphate, zirconate and stannate. The lubricant is ethyl stearate.

[0046] Instance:

[0047] 1) Powder pretreatment: anisotropic neodymium-iron-boron magnetic powder having a mass percentage of 80% and anisotropic samarium-iron-nitrogen magnetic powder having a mass percentage of 20% were mixed for 5 min in a mixer to obtain anisotropic magnetic powder. The coupling agent phosphate having a mass percentage of 2%, the surfactant nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether having a mass percentage of 4% and the lubricant ethyl stearate having a mass percentage of 2% were diluted with acetone in an amount that was 15 times of the total weight of the coupling agent, the surfactant and the lubricant, then stirred uniformly, added in an amount that was 1.5% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder to the anisotropic magnetic powder, and mixed uniformly in a mixer.

[0048] 2) Preparation of a polyurethane binder: Polyurethane+curing agent+diluent. Polyurethane: absolute ethanol diluent=1:4. The amount of the curing agent was 8% of the weight of the polyurethane. The mixture was stirred uniformly.

[0049] 3) The polyurethane binder prepared in 2) in an amount that was 2% of the weight of the anisotropic magnetic powder was added to the anisotropic magnetic powder pretreated in 1), then mixed and vacuumed to volatilize the diluent.

[0050] 4) The powder obtained in 3) was added to a mould cavity, then subjected to pressure forming under a magnetic field and demagnetized. The intensity of oriented magnetic field was 1.5 T, the orientation time was 12 s, and the pressure was 600 MPa.

[0051] 5) Curing was performed in a drying oven at 80° C.

[0052] Thus, an anisotropic bonded magnet having a density of 6.15 g/cm.sup.3, a magnetic energy product (BH).sub.Max of 22.5 MGOe and a coercivity of 15 KOe was obtained.