ATOMIZER NOZZLE

Abstract

The invention relates to an atomizer nozzle (10) with a liquid channel (19) which communicates downstream with an annular mixing chamber (26). A liquid (F) is supplied to the liquid channel (19) via a liquid connection (12). The atomizer nozzle (10) additionally has a gas connection (13) which is connected to a gas line system (28). Pressurized gas (L) is conducted to an outer injection channel (29) and an inner injection channel (34) via the gas line system. Each of the two injection channels (29, 34) opens into the annular mixing chamber (26) at a respective injection point (30, 35). The outer injection point (30) is provided on a radially outer mixing chamber wall, and the inner injection point (35) is provided on a radially inner mixing chamber wall. The inflowing liquid can thus be finely atomized using little pressurized gas (L) in the annular mixing chamber (26) and dispensed downstream of the annular mixing chamber via at least one outlet opening (40) in the form of a spray jet (S).

Claims

1-15. (canceled)

16. An atomizer nozzle (10) comprising: liquid connection (12) for supplying a liquid (F) to a liquid channel (19) that communicates downstream with an annular mixing chamber (26) coaxial with a nozzle axis (A); said liquid channel (19) having a widening end section (19c) for directing liquid into said annular mixing chamber (26); means (20, 25) in an end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19) that forms a widening flow layer (FH) of liquid (F) directed obliquely away from the nozzle axis (A) and flowing into the annular mixing chamber (26) adjoining the end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19); at least one gas connection (13) for supplying pressurized gas (L) to a gas line system (28) that comprises at least one outer injection channel (29) and at least one inner injection channel (34); said outer injection channel (29) opening at an outer injection point (30) at a radially outside location relative to the nozzle axis (A) into the annular mixing chamber (26); and said inner injection channel (34) opening at an inner injection point (35) at a radially inside location relative to the nozzle axis (A) into the annular mixing chamber (26).

17. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the outer injection point (30) and the inner injection point (35) are arranged so as to be offset relative to each other in an axial extension direction of the annular mixing chamber (26).

18. The atomizer nozzle of claim 17 in which the outer injection point (30) is arranged in the axial extension direction of the annular mixing chamber (26) downstream relative to the inner injection point (35).

19. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the inner injection channel (34) and the outer injection channel (29) are configured such that the gas volume flow flowing into the annular mixing chamber (26) via the outer injection channel (29) is greater than the gas volume flow flowing into the annular mixing chamber (26) via the inner injection channel (34).

20. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the annular mixing chamber (26) is connected downstream to at least one outlet opening (40) from which an atomized spray jet (S) is discharged.

21. The atomizer nozzle of claim 20 in which the annular mixing chamber (26) is curved along and in the direction of the nozzle axis (A) one or more times between the outer and inner injection points (30, 35) of the respective injection chambers (29, 34) and the at least one outlet opening (4).

22. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the means (20, 25) that generates a widening flow layer (FH) is arranged to generate a flow layer (FH) that is continuously closed in a circumferential direction (U) around the nozzle axis (A).

23. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the means (20, 25) for generating the flow layer (FH) has a central part (25) coaxial with the nozzle axis (A) arranged in a downstream end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19) such that the flow layer (FH) flows around said central part.

24. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the means (20, 25) for generating the flow layer (FH) comprises a swirl-generating means (20, 21) that imparts a swirl to the liquid (F) flowing in the liquid channel (19).

25. The atomizer nozzle of claim 24 in which the swirl-generating means comprises a swirl generator (20) which is arranged in the fluid channel (19) and which acted upon by the inflowing liquid (F) to impart a swirl to said liquid flow.

26. The atomizer nozzle of claim 25 in which the swirl generator (20) is arranged in a swirl-generating section (19b) of the liquid channel (19) adjoining the end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19) upstream thereof.

27. The atomizer nozzle of claim 24 in which the swirl-generating means comprises a swirl-generating section of the liquid channel (19) adjoining the end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19) upstream thereof having a cross-section that decreases toward the end section (19c).

28. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 in which the gas line system (28) comprises a central channel (33) that extends through a central part (25) in the end section of the liquid channel (19) along the nozzle axis (A) and opens into the liquid channel (19).

29. The atomizer nozzle of claim 16 including an integrally formed nozzle body (15) which includes said liquid channel (19) and annular mixing chamber (26).

30. The atomizer nozzle of claim 28 in which the central part (25) is an integral part of the nozzle body (15).

31. An atomizer nozzle (10) comprising: liquid connection (12) for supplying a liquid (F) to a liquid channel (19) that communicates downstream with an annular mixing chamber (26) coaxial with a nozzle axis (A); said liquid channel (19) having a widening end section (19c) for directing liquid into said annular mixing chamber (26); a liquid directing structure (20, 25) within the widening end section of the liquid channel (26) that forms a widening flow layer (FH) of liquid (F) directed obliquely away from the nozzle axis (A) and flowing into the annular mixing chamber (26) adjoining the end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19); at least one gas connection (13) for supplying pressurized gas (L) to a gas line system (28) that comprises at least one outer injection channel (29) and at least one inner injection channel (34); said outer injection channel (29) opening at an outer injection point (30) at a radially outside location relative to the nozzle axis (A) into the annular mixing chamber (26); said inner injection channel (34) opening at an inner injection point (35) at a radially inside location relative to the nozzle axis (A) into the annular mixing chamber (26); and said annular mixing chamber (26) communicating downstream to at least one outlet opening (40) from which an atomized spray jet (S) is discharged.

32. The atomizer nozzle of claim 31 in which the liquid directing structure (20, 25) includes a central part (25) coaxial with the nozzle axis (A) arranged in a downstream end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19) such that the flow layer (FH) flows around said central part.

33. The atomizer nozzle of claim 31 in which the liquid directing structure includes a swirl flow generator (20) that imparts a swirl to liquid (F) flowing in said liquid channel (19).

34. The atomizer nozzle of claim 33 in which said liquid channel (19) has a swirl generating section adjoining the end section (19c) of the liquid channel (19) upstream thereof having a cross-section that decreases toward the end section (19c).

35. The atomizer nozzle of claim 33 in which the flow generator (20) has a central opening (C) through which pressurized gas (L) from the gas connection is directed in an upstream direction relative to the flow of liquid (F) through the liquid channel (19).

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an atomizer nozzle in accordance with the invention,

[0025] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of the atomizer nozzle depicted in FIG. 1 taken along the central axis of the nozzle, and

[0026] FIG. 3 is a schematic depiction of the inventive atomizer nozzle.

[0027] While the invention is susceptible of various modifications and alternative constructions, certain illustrative embodiments thereof have been shown in the drawings and will be described below in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0028] Referring more particularly to the drawings, there is shown an atomizer nozzle 10 in accordance with the invention. The atomizer nozzle 10, which may be used in a mobile or stationary spray device, is effective for atomizing a supplied liquid F with the use of pressurized gas L and to dispense the finely atomized liquid particles as a spray jet S or as an atomized spray. In FIG. 3 the flowing liquid F is schematically illustrated by block arrows, and the pressurized gas L is schematically illustrated by simple arrows. The dot density schematically illustrates the fine atomization of the liquid F in FIG. 3, in which the lower dot density represents a finer atomization.

[0029] The atomizer nozzle 10 comprises a nozzle housing 11. Provided on the nozzle housing, there are a liquid connection 12 for the supply of liquid F and a gas connection 13 for the supply of pressurized gas L. The liquid connection 12 is arranged on a hollow cylindrical connection fitting 14 of the nozzle housing 11. The connection fitting 14 is arranged coaxially relative to a nozzle axis A. The gas connection 13 in this case is arranged coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A so as to form a ring around the connection fitting 14. The number, arrangement, and orientation of the gas connection(s) 13 or the liquid connection(s) 12 may vary depending on the spray device on which the atomizer nozzle 10 is used.

[0030] In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the nozzle housing 11 comprises a housing part 11a having an approximately cylindrical contour, from which extends the connection fitting 14 of the nozzle housing 11. The housing part 11a is arranged coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A. The gas connection 13 is arranged coaxially around the connection fitting 14 in a face wall of the housing part 11a. A tool contact section 11b may be provided on the housing part 11a having one or more contact surfaces for a tool—for example, flats for rotating the atomizer nozzle 10 in circumferential direction U about the nozzle axis A and for mechanically and fluidically connecting the atomizer nozzle to the spray device when the atomizer nozzle is mounted to a spray device.

[0031] In accordance with the example, the nozzle housing 11 is made as a one-piece integral nozzle body 15 and can be manufactured, for example, as a 3D print or by means of another additive manufacturing process. The nozzle body 15 is free of seams and joints and is made of a uniform material. The nozzle body 15 further includes, as will become apparent, a flow directing structure (19c, 20, 25) that forms a widened flow layer FH of liquid F obliquely away from the nozzle axis A with a swirling movement.

[0032] To that end, the liquid connection 12 is fluidically connected to a liquid channel 19. A first section 19a of the liquid channel 19 adjoining the liquid connection 12 has a cylindrical form and extends coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A. Directly adjoining the first section 19a there is a swirl-generating section 19b of the liquid channel 19. Arranged in this swirl-generating section 19b there is arranged a swirl generator 20 that imparts the liquid F flowing from the first section 19a into the swirl-generating section 19b with a swirl. By imparting the swirl, the liquid F no longer flows only axially along the liquid channel 19—in the, or downstream of the, swirl-generating section 19b—but follows a jet course having the form of a hollow cone or, optionally, of a spiral or helix.

[0033] In the exemplary embodiment, the swirl generator 20 is a swirl body 21 arranged coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A in the swirl-generating section 19b. The swirl body 21 may have guide surfaces defined by guide channels to impart the liquid F with a swirl. It is also possible to use a swirl generator 20 with an impeller.

[0034] Basically, one or more suitable swirl-generating means may be used to impart the liquid with a swirl when flowing into the liquid channel 19 or during its flow in the liquid channel 19. It is also possible to use flow effects such as, for example the Coanda effect, to impart a swirl. Furthermore, it is possible to configure the inflow of the liquid F into the liquid channel 19 radially offset relative to the nozzle axis A, tangentially relative to a channel wall 22 of the liquid channel 19 and obliquely inclined relative to the nozzle axis A, so that—already due to this—a swirl-imparted liquid flow is achieved.

[0035] Another alternative is to arrange—instead of the swirl generator 20—an impact body in the liquid channel 19 that is suitable or essentially, e.g., shaped like a plate, so that when a liquid F impinges on the impact body, a thin, essentially plate-shaped liquid layer is formed, said layer also being referred to as the impact jet.

[0036] In the exemplary embodiment described here, the generation of a swirl in the swirl-generating section 19b is supported in that the channel cross-section of the swirl-generating section 19b or of a transition section directly following the swirl-generating section 19b and not specifically described here is reduced downstream in flow direction. This is accomplished in that the diameter of the swirl-generating section 19b or the transition section decreases starting from the first section 19a. Preferably, the swirl generation is completed just upstream of the transition section.

[0037] In a modified exemplary embodiment the diameter of the liquid channel 19 in the swirl-generating section 19b may constant and the tapering transition section may be omitted, as is shown, for example, schematically in FIG. 3.

[0038] Optionally, via the transition section, an end section 19c of the liquid channel 19 adjoins the swirl-generating section 19b. In the end section 19c of the liquid channel 19, the diameter of the channel wall 22 increases away from the swirl-generating section 19b. The liquid flowing along the channel wall 22—starting from the smallest channel wall diameter at the transition point between the swirl-generating section 19b and the end section 19c—tends to continue to flow along the channel wall 22. As a result of this, a flow layer FH of the liquid F is formed in the end section, said flow layer having the form of a hollow truncated cone. The flow layer FH is formed coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A in the atomizer nozzle 10. The flow layer FH is illustrated schematically in FIG. 3 by the block arrows and the dots in the end section 19c.

[0039] In order to further support the formation of the flow layer FH having the form of a hollow truncated cone, a central part 25 is arranged in the end section 19c of the liquid channel, the diameter of said end section widening toward an annular mixing chamber 26 in which terminates the liquid channel 19. In accordance with the example, the annular mixing chamber 26 directly adjoins the end section 19c of the liquid channel 19.

[0040] The nozzle axis A extends centrally through the central part 25. Due to the arrangement of the central part 25 and the widening channel cross-section of the end section 19c, the end section 19c is configured as a channel having the form of a truncated cone coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A, closed in the form of a ring in circumferential direction U around the nozzle axis A.

[0041] The channel wall 22 of the liquid channel 19 extends in a curved manner in the swirl-generating section 19b and the end section 19c along the nozzle axis A. As a result of this, the channel cross-section is further reduced in the swirl-generating section 19b and is enlarged again in the end section 19c. Adapted thereto, the outside surface 27 of the central part 25 is also curved along the nozzle axis A and, in accordance with the example, curved concavely. The outside surface 27 of the central part 25 is located opposite the channel wall 22 and is preferably adapted to the course of the channel wall in such a manner that the radial wall distance between the outside surface 27 of the central part 25 to the outside inner wall of the end section 19c extending perpendicularly to the nozzle axis A remains essentially constant, in which case the annular cross-sectional area of the flow increases in downstream direction with increasing distance from the nozzle axis A.

[0042] Consequently, upstream of the annular mixing chamber 26 in the atomizer nozzle 10, a flow layer FH having the form of a hollow truncated cone is generated, said flow layer flowing into the annular mixing chamber 26. To do so, a swirl-generating means and/or the widening end section 19c with the central part 25 arranged therein can be used. In accordance with the example, both measures are implemented together.

[0043] Pressurized gas L is supplied to the annular mixing chamber 26 adjoining the end section 19c in order to atomize the liquid F into small liquid particles. To do so, the gas connection 13 is connected to a gas line system 28 of the atomizer nozzle 10. The gas line system 28 comprises gas hoses that are arranged outside the nozzle housing 11, wherein—as in the preferred exemplary embodiment shown here—preferably only gas channels are used that are arranged or configured in the nozzle housing 11 and, in accordance with the example, in the housing part 11a. Referring to the exemplary embodiment, all gas channels of the gas line system 28 are made in the course of the manufacture of the nozzle body 15.

[0044] The gas line system 28 comprises an outer injection channel 29 that extends around the nozzle axis A in circumferential direction U in the form of a ring around at least one section of the liquid channel 19 and that terminates at an outer injection point 30 in the annular mixing chamber 26. The outer injection point 20 is configured as a gap having the form of a circular ring and is arranged coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A.

[0045] Radially outside, opposite the annular mixing chamber 26 and, in accordance with the example, coaxially relative to the annular mixing chamber 26, there is arranged—in the exemplary embodiment—an annular connecting channel 31 of the gas line system 28 in the nozzle housing 11, said connecting channel 31 being fluidically connected—via one or more passage openings 32—to a central gas channel 33 of the gas line system 28. The central gas channel 33 extends along the nozzle axis A and is enclosed by the annular mixing chamber 26 in circumferential direction U. A part of the pressurized gas L that is supplied to the central gas channel 33 terminates in an inner injection channel 34 on the radially inner side of the annular mixing chamber 26. The inner injection channel 34 may be formed by a section of the central gas channel 33 or branch off the central gas channel 33 separated by dividing walls. The inner injection channel 34 terminates at an inner injection point 35 in the annular mixing chamber 26. The inner injection point 35 is configured as a circular ring gap that is preferably closed in the circumferential direction U around the nozzle axis A, and is as continuous as possible.

[0046] Next to the inner injection channel 34, there is fluidically connected to the central gas channel 33 a central channel 36 that may branch off the central gas channel 33 or be formed by a section of the central gas channel 33. The central channel 36 terminates upstream of the end section 19c in the liquid channel 19a. The mouth 37 of the central channel 36 is arranged coaxially relative to the nozzle axis A and is oriented away from the end section 19c or the annular mixing chamber 26 in the direction of the nozzle axis A. The pressurized gas L flowing out at that location flows approximately against the liquid F and supports the formation of the flow layer FH in the end section 19c of the liquid channel 19.

[0047] At the end of the atomizer nozzle 10 where at least one spray jet S is being dispensed, there is at least one outlet opening 40. In the preferred exemplary embodiment shown here in FIGS. 1 and 2, the atomizer nozzle 10 has several outlet openings 40, for example 8, that are distributed around the nozzle axis A in the circumferential direction U. The at least one outlet opening 40 may be configured as a cylindrical bore, as a slit or, preferably, as a Laval nozzle. In accordance with the example, the at least one outlet opening 40 has a cross-section that widens conically in the flow direction. The longitudinal axis of each outlet opening 40 is inclined relative to the nozzle axis A. The angle of inclination of the bore axis of the outlet opening 40 relative to the nozzle axis A is preferably in the range between 10° and 30°. As a result of the plurality of outlet openings 40, respectively one spray jet S is generated, said spray jet being directed away from the nozzle axis A (FIGS. 1 and 3).

[0048] The outlet openings 40 are provided in tube pieces 41 that fluidically communicate with the annular mixing chamber 26. Between the tube pieces 41, passage openings 32 are formed in that—in the circumferential direction U—directly adjacent tube pieces 41 are arranged at a distance from each other. As a result of this, a fluidic connection between the connecting channel 31 and the central gas channel 33 is formed between the tube pieces 41.

[0049] Between the connecting channel 31 and the outer injection channel 29, there is a dividing wall 45 that conducts the gas flow in the outer injection channel 29 toward the outer injection point 30. At least one communication opening 46 is provided in the dividing wall 45 in the direction of flow of the pressurized gas L at a distance from the outer injection point 30, through which communication opening the pressurized gas L may flow out of the gas connection 13 into the connecting channel 31. Consequently, the outer injection channel 29, as well as the inner injection channel 34, are supplied with pressurized gas L via the gas connection 13.

[0050] Depending on requirements, the volume flows in the connecting channel 31 up to the central gas channel 33 and the inner injection point 35 are defined via the communication opening 46, on the one hand, and by the outer injection channel 29 and the outer injection point 30, on the other hand. In preferred embodiments, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the communications opening 46 to that of the outer injection point 30, for example, is in the range of approximately 20% to 40%, preferably at approximately 30%.

[0051] In so doing, the cross-sections in the gas line system 28 may be selected as needed in such a manner that—via the injection channel 29 and the outer injection point 30—a larger gas volume flow flows into the annular mixing chamber 26 than via the inner injection channel 34 or the inner injection point 35. In accordance with the example the surface ratio between the outer injection point 30 relative to the inner injection point 35 is specified at a ratio of 1.5:1 to 2.5:1. In the preferred exemplary embodiment the surface ratio is approximately 2:1. Then, in accordance with the example, at least approximately two thirds of the gas flowing into the annular mixing chamber 26 may flow in via the outer injection point 30.

[0052] In the exemplary embodiment, the surface ratio between the inner injection point 35 and the mouth 37 of the central channel 36 is approximately 1:10 to 1:15.

[0053] As illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 3, the liquid F in the annular mixing chamber 26 is supplied with pressurized gas L at both injection points 30, 35. FIG. 2 shows—schematically—a center plane E of the annular mixing chamber 26 that corresponds essentially also to the center of the liquid jet in the annular mixing chamber 26. The central liquid jet entering from the end section 19c into the annular mixing chamber 26 is indicated by a dotted line. In the extension direction of the annular mixing chamber 26 along the center plane E through the annular mixing chamber 26, the two injection points 30, 35 are arranged so as to be offset relative to each other. In accordance with the example, the pressurized gas L that flows out of the inner injection point 35 impinges initially on the liquid F or the flow layer FH that passes by, while the pressurized gas L from the outer injection point 30 flows farther downstream into the annular mixing chamber 26. In FIG. 2, the first arrow schematically shows the first main flow direction P1 out of the outer injection channel 29 into the annular mixing chamber 26. This first main outflow direction P1 that, here, for example, extends approximately parallel to the nozzle axis A intersects the central liquid jet at a first angle α. Accordingly, the second arrow indicates a second main outflow direction P2 for the pressurized gas L out of the inner injection channel 34 that is arranged at an acute angle relative to the axis nozzle A and subtends a second angle β with the central liquid jet. In accordance with the example, the second angle β is larger than the first angle α. The first angle α is, in particular, smaller than 45°, while the second angle β is between 70° and 90°.

[0054] The atomizer nozzle 10 according to the present invention operates as follows:

[0055] A liquid F flows through the liquid channel 19. Via a swirl-generating means—in accordance with the example the swirl generator 20—the liquid flow in the swirl-generating section 19b is imparted with a swirl. As a result of this and/or as a result of the pressurized gas flowing out of the central channel 26 via the mouth 27 through the central part 25, and/or as a result of the diameter of the end section 19c of the liquid channel 19 widening toward the annular mixing chamber 26, a flow layer FH having the form of a hollow truncated cone is generated, said flow layer flowing into the annular mixing chamber 26.

[0056] In the annular mixing chamber 26, initially the pressurized gas L impinges at the inner injection point 35 on the flow layer FH and affects the flow direction of the latter in that it imparts the liquid flow in the flow layer FH with an additional transverse component away from the nozzle axis A toward the radially outside side of the annular mixing chamber 26. Somewhat downstream, the pressurized gas L is supplied at the outer injection point 30. As a result of the fact that the liquid flow was already excited upstream at the inner injection point 35, the inflow of the pressurized gas L from the direction of the outer side of the annular mixing chamber achieves a very fine atomization of the liquid. Thus, the pressurized gas L flowing into the annular mixing chamber from different sides generates a shearing effect, so to speak.

[0057] In the continued course of the annular mixing chamber 26 downstream of the two injection points 30, 35, it is possible—due to one or more curvatures in extension of the annular mixing chamber 26 toward the nozzle axis A and/or away from the nozzle axis A—to achieve another atomization and uniform distribution of the liquid particles in the liquid/gas mixture that, subsequently, is dispensed through the outlet openings 40 in the form of spray jets S. In accordance with the example, the annular mixing chamber 26 curves downstream of the two injection points initially toward the nozzle axis A and, subsequently, again away from the nozzle axis A.

[0058] Instead of a curved configuration of the annular mixing chamber 26 between the injection points 30, 35 and the outlet openings 40, it is possible, in modification of the exemplary embodiment illustrated here, to also provide a hollow cylindrical embodiment of the annular mixing chamber in this section.

[0059] From the foregoing, it can be seen that an atomizer nozzle 10 is provided having a liquid channel 19 to which an annular mixing chamber 26 is fluidically connected downstream of the liquid channel. A liquid F is supplied to the liquid channel 19 via a liquid connection 12. The atomizer nozzle 10 additionally has a gas connection 13 which is connected to a gas line system 28. Pressurized gas L is conducted to an outer injection channel 29 and an inner injection channel 34 via the gas line system. Each of the two injection channels 29, 34 opens into the annular mixing chamber 26 at a respective injection point 30, 35. Relative to a nozzle axis A around which coaxially extends the annular mixing chamber 26, the outer injection point 30 is provided on the radially outer mixing chamber wall, and the inner injection point 35 is provided on the radially inner mixing chamber wall. The inflowing liquid can thus be finely atomized using little pressurized gas L in the annular mixing chamber 26 and be dispensed downstream of the annular mixing chamber 26 via at least one outlet opening 40 in the form of a respective spray jet S.

LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS

[0060] 10 Atomizer nozzle [0061] 11 Nozzle housing [0062] 11a Housing part [0063] 11b Tool contact section [0064] 12 Liquid connection [0065] 13 Gas connection [0066] 14 Connection fitting [0067] 15 Nozzle body [0068] 19 Liquid channel [0069] 19a First section of liquid channel [0070] 19b Swirl-generating section [0071] 19c End section [0072] 20 Swirl generator [0073] 21 Swirl body [0074] 22 Channel wall of the liquid channel [0075] 25 Central part [0076] 26 Annular mixing chamber [0077] 27 Outside surface of the central part [0078] 28 Gas line system [0079] 29 Outer injection channel [0080] 30 Outer injection point [0081] 31 Connecting channel [0082] 32 Passage opening [0083] 33 Central gas channel [0084] 34 Inner injection channel [0085] 35 Inner injection point [0086] 36 Central channel [0087] 37 Mouth of the central channel [0088] 40 Outlet opening [0089] 41 Tube piece [0090] 45 Dividing wall [0091] 46 Communication opening [0092] α First angle [0093] β Second angle [0094] A Nozzle axis [0095] E Center plane [0096] F Liquid [0097] FH Flow layer [0098] L Pressurized gas [0099] P1 First outflow direction [0100] P2 Second outflow direction [0101] S Spray jet [0102] U Circumferential direction