Bitumen

Abstract

A bitumen having the properties of a Newtonian liquid is a mixture of a first oil pitch made of particles of soot and saturated oils and a second oil pitch made of aromatic oils and resins, characterized in that the first oil pitch has saturated oils at a content of at least 10% in wet weight and the second oil pitch has aromatic oils at a content of at least 10% in wet weight.

Claims

1. A modified bitumen comprising a) a polymeric matrix having dispersed therein b) a bitumen having the properties of a Newtonian liquid and containing a mixture of (i) a first oil pitch comprising particles of soot and saturated oils at a content of at least 10% in wet weight, and (ii) a second oil pitch comprising aromatic oils at a content at least 10% in wet weight and resins, characterized in that the second oil pitch is a vacuum residue resulting from cracking, by combustion, crude oil and vacuum-distillation into several fractions, from which a bottom fraction forms the vacuum residue.

2. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, characterized in that the first oil pitch is present at a content of 15-75% by wet weight with respect to the total mass of said bitumen and the second oil pitch is present at a content of 85-25% by wet weight with respect to the total mass of said bitumen.

3. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, characterized in that said first oil pitch comprises at least 30% in wet weight of saturated oils, at least 10% in wet weight of aromatic oils, at least 15% in wet weight of resins and at least 15% in dry weight of asphaltenes, and said second oil pitch comprises at least 3% in wet weight of saturated oils, at least 35% in wet weight of aromatic oils, at least 30% in wet weight of resins and at least 2% in dry weight of asphaltenes.

4. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, wherein the bitumen further contains a bituminous roof waste in an amount between 0.5-70% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen, said bituminous roof waste comprising a first polymer in an amount between 0.5-30% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

5. The modified bitumen according to claim 4, wherein the bitumen further contains a second polymer in an amount between 0.5-30% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

6. The modified bitumen according to claim 5, wherein said first polymer and said second polymer are independently selected from the group consisting of atactic polypropylene (APP), poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS) styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene/propylene-styrene (SEPS), dimethyl-gamma-butyrolactone acrylate (DBA), styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), isotactic polypropylene (IPP), syndiotactic polypropylene (SPP), and mixtures thereof.

7. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, wherein the bitumen further contains a filler selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate and aluminate trihydrate (ATH).

8. The modified bitumen according to claim 7, wherein said filler is present in an amount in a range of 0.5-30% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

9. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, wherein the saturated oils are present at a content of at least 10% in wet weight, the aromatic oils are present at a content of at least 30% in wet weight, and the resins are present at a content of at least 10% in wet weight, and wherein the bitumen further contains asphaltenes at a content of at least 10% in dry weight.

10. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, wherein the bitumen further contains a bituminous roof waste in an amount between 0.5-70% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen, said bituminous roof waste comprising a first polymer in an amount between 2-20% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

11. The modified bitumen according to claim 10, wherein the bitumen further contains a second polymer in an amount between 2-20% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

12. The modified bitumen according to claim 1, wherein the bitumen further contains a bituminous roof waste in an amount between 0.5-70% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen, said bituminous roof waste comprising a first polymer in an amount between 10-15% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

13. The modified bitumen according to claim 12, wherein the bitumen further contains a second polymer in an amount between 10-15% in dry weight of the total mass of the bitumen.

14. The modified bitumen according to claim 7, wherein the calcium carbonate is colemanite.

Description

EXAMPLE 1

(1) The composition illustrated in table 3 contains the first (7.5% by wet weight) and second oil pitches (15% by wet weight) of the present invention to which a filler in an amount of 15% by dry weight, atactic polypropylene (APP) in a quantity of 10.5% by dry weight and a bituminous roof waste in an amount of 52% by dry weight have been added to the bitumen.

(2) TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Compounds Amount (% by weight) CaCO.sub.3 15 APP 10.5 Bituminous roof waste 52 First oil pitch 7.5 Second oil pitch 15

EXAMPLE 2

(3) The present bitumen, illustrated in table 4, comprises the first oil pitch in an amount of 20% by wet weight and the second oil pitch in a quantity of 10% by wet weight of the present invention to which a bituminous roof waste has been added in an amount of 70% by dry weight.

(4) TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Compounds Amount (% by weight) Bituminous roof waste 70 First oil pitch 10 Second oil pitch 20

EXAMPLE 3

(5) Table 5 represents a bitumen comprising the first oil pitch in a content of 20% by wet weight, the second oil pitch in an amount of 40% by wet weight, CaCO.sub.3(filler) in a quantity of 20% by dry weight and atactic polypropylene (APP) in an amount of 15% by dry weight.

(6) TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Compounds Amount (% by weight) CaCO.sub.3 20 APP 15 First oil pitch 20 Second oil pitch 45

EXAMPLE 4

(7) Table 6 represents a known composition of bitumen and a bitumen of the present invention. The composition of bitumen from crude oil origin contains also APP. The bitumen of the present invention contains the first and the second oil pitches of the present invention and APP. The presence of APP is preferred to correctly compare the physical and chemical properties of the two bitumens.

(8) As it can be seen from table 6, the phase inversion of the bitumen of the present invention occurs at 15% corresponding to the amount in dry weight of APP in the bitumen. The phase inversion of the composition containing bitumen from crude oil origin and APP occurs when 17% by dry weight of APP is added to the bitumen. The bitumen of the present invention enables to form a polymeric matrix wherein the bitumen is retained by adding APP in a lower amount with respect to the amount of APP in a composition of bitumen from crude oil origin.

(9) The viscosity of the bitumen according to the present invention is equal to 1040 cps at 180° C. which corresponds to an adequate viscosity to use it for example, for manufacturing a waterproofing membrane.

(10) The needle penetration at 60° C. and the balking softening point, the flexibility, the ductility, the lengthening and the elongation at break of the bitumen are similar to those of the composition of bitumen from crude oil origin. The flexibility according to the present invention is measured at the temperature at which the product obtained cracks.

(11) According to table 6, the bitumen of the present invention has similar chemical and physical properties with bitumen from crude oil origin.

(12) TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Bitumen of the Bitumen present invention Phase inversion (%) 17 15 Viscosity (cps) at 180° C. 1485 1040 Needle penetration at 60° C. >330 222 (dmm) Flexibility (° C.) −32 −26 Ball-ring softening point (° C.) 75/139 82/135 Ductility Maximal force (N) 6 7 Elongation at the maximal 185 171 force (%) Elongation at break (%) 280 218 Work (J) 0.5 0.4

EXAMPLE 5

(13) Table 7 illustrates four compositions: mix 1, mix 2, mix 3 and mix 4. Mix1 contains 70% by dry weight of a bituminous roof waste and 30% by wet weight of bitumen from crude oil origin. Mix2 contains 70% by dry weight of a bituminous roof waste and 30% by wet weight of the first oil pitch of the present invention. Mix3 is a bituminous composition containing a bituminous roof waste in an amount of 70% by dry weight and the second oil pitch of the present invention in an amount of 30% by wet weight. Mix4 is a bitumen according to the present invention which contains a bituminous roof waste in an amount of 70% by dry weight, the first oil pitch of the present invention in a quantity of 20% by wet weight and the second oil pitch of the present invention in a quantity of 10% by dry weight.

(14) TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Mix1 Mix2 Mix3 Mix4 Bituminous roof waste (% by dry weight) 70 70 70 70 Bitumen from crude oil origin (% by wet 30 0 0 0 weight) First oil pitch (% by wet weight) 0 30 0 20 Second oil pitch (% by wet weight) 0 0 30 10

(15) Table 8 illustrates the properties of the compositions of mix1, mix2, mix3 and mix4 when APP is present in each composition. The presence of APP enables to have different compositions which can be comparable in term of physical and chemical properties. As it can be seen from table 8, the presence of the first and second oil pitches in the bitumen (mix4) allows to produce a bitumen having similar properties with bitumen from crude oil origin (mix1) and these properties can also be improved. For example, the phase inversion of mix 4 occurs at 9% corresponding to the amount by dry weight of APP in the bitumen. The phase inversion for the other composition occurs at 11% (by dry weight). This means that the bitumen of the present invention enables to integrate the bitumen in the polymeric matrix by adding a lower amount of APP in the bitumen with respect to the other compositions.

(16) Moreover, table 8 illustrates also the viscosity of each composition. The viscosity, measured by ASTM D2171 standard, of mix2 (13020 cps, at 180° C.) and mix3 (7120 cps, at 180° C.) are not appropriate to be used for example, for the manufacturing of a waterproofing product. Mix4, the bitumen of the present invention, allows to obtain an adequate viscosity (5740 cps, at 180° C.) allowing to use it for example, for manufacturing a waterproofing membrane.

(17) As it can be seen from table 8, the needle penetration, the flexibility, the ball-ring softening point, the ductility, the lengthening, lengthening and the elongation at break of mix 4 are similar to the one of mix 1.

(18) These results show that the bitumen of the present invention has similar physical and chemical properties with bitumen from crude oil origin.

(19) TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Mix1 Mix2 Mix3 Mix4 Phase inversion (%) 11 11 11 9 Viscosity at 180° C. 6750 13020 7120 5740 Needle penetration at 60° C. 105 222 108 149 (dmm) Flexibility (° C.) −16 −40 0 −24 Ball-ring softening point (° C.) 125/141 118/142 133/146 133/149 Ductility Maximal force (N) 29 18 73 22 Elongation at the maximal 26 31 17 26 force (%) Elongation at break (N) 55 52 35 79 Work (J) 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.4

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1

(20) Table 9 illustrates the results of Latroscan® process which has been performed on a composition of bitumen from crude oil origin. The bitumen comprises 11.14% by wet weight of saturated oils, 55.09% by wet weight of aromatic oils, 18.57% by wet weight of resins and 15.20% by dry weight of asphaltenes. According to the empiric relation allowing to define the type of the crystalline structure of a bitumen, the bitumen of the present comparative example has a sol structure since the amount of the aromatic oils and resins are higher to the amount of saturated oils and asphaltenes.

(21) TABLE-US-00009 TABLE 9 Bitumen Amount (% by weight) Saturated oils 11.14 Aromatic oils 55.09 Resins 18.57 Asphaltenes 15.20

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2

(22) Table 10 represents the PAH's compounds which are present in a bitumen from crude oil origin. According to this embodiment, the bitumen has a total PAH's content of 34.44 ppm,

(23) TABLE-US-00010 TABLE 10 PAH's compounds Amount in ppm (mg/kg) Naphtalene 3.8 Anthracene <1.16 Fluoranthene <1.16 Benzo(a)anthracene <1.16 Chrysene 6 Benzo(k)fluoranthene 7.7 Benzo(a)pyrene 4 Benzo (g, h, i) perylene 6.5 Indeno (1, 2, 3, c, d) pyrene <1.16 Phenantrene 1.8 Total 34.44