DISPOSABLE, MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENT

Abstract

A disposable surgical instrument includes an instrument grip forming a receiving housing. A separate handle is mounted in the instrument grip in the manner of a rocker. A shaft tool includes a shaft having at least two relatively axially movable bar or rod components and an instrument head having patient engagement elements which can be actuated by the bar or rod components, of which one bar or rod component is fixed at the proximal end thereof to the instrument grip and the other bar or rod component has an articulation point on which the handle is directly articulated in such way that a manually actuated rocker movement of the handle about the articulation point on the handle side is transformed directly into an axial movement of the other bar or rod component on the articulation point on the shaft side.

Claims

1. A disposable surgical instrument comprising: an instrument grip which forms a receiving housing in which instrument grip a handle is mounted in the manner of a rocker on an articulation point on the handle side, and a shaft tool comprising a shaft comprising at least two relatively axially movable bar or rod components and an instrument head or jaw part having patient engagement elements which can be actuated by the at least two relatively axially movable bar or rod components, of which one of the bar or rod components is fixed to the instrument grip and another of the bar or rod components has a shaft-side articulation point on which the handle is directly articulated in such way that a manually actuated pivoting/rocker movement of the handle about the handle-side articulation point is transformed directly into an axial movement of said another of the bar or rod components on the shaft-side articulation point, said one of the bar or rod components is in the form of a solid profile and is relatively movably telescoped into said another of the bar or rod components in the form of a tubular profile, said shaft-side articulation point is arranged at said another of the bar or rod components in the form of a hinge bolt or pin, and said one of the bar or rod components at its proximal end has a fastening mechanism by which said another of the bar or rod components is fixed to or fixed within the instrument grip.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the shaft-side articulation point and the handle-side articulation point forms a click hinge with the handle, while on the other said another of the bar or rod components and the instrument grip, a bolt or hinge pin is fixedly arranged or formed, and on the rocker-shaped handle clamp-type hinge eyes are arranged or formed.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the instrument grip and the handle is made from plastic material.

4. The surgical instrument according to any claim 1, wherein each of the at least two relatively axially movable bar or rod components comprises metal, plastic or ceramic or in that a material pairing of a metal bar with a plastic or ceramic bar is provided.

5. (canceled)

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the instrument head is in the form of a bone punch, a forceps/rongeur tool, holding forceps or scissors having a pivoting branch.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein between the handle and the instrument grip a biasing spring is arranged for urging the handle the home position thereof in which the tool is opened.

8. The surgical instrument according to any claim 1, wherein the instrument grip is manufactured by injection molding.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein a semi-crystalline thermoplastic structural material is used.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the instrument head is made from sheet steel.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the instrument grip includes a holding area which is shaped as a pistol grip for being encompassed in the palm of an operator's hand and with a through opening additionally introduced in the same or arranged thereon for reaching through an operating finger of an operating person, and the handle has an open continuously concave actuating portion which is in the form of a non-looped contacting or engaging edge for the operating fingers having an additional through opening for at least one operating finger the operating person.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

[0035] Hereinafter the invention will be illustrated in detail by way of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0036] FIG. 1 illustrates the principle of functioning of a manually actuatable surgical instrument of the “disposable design” according to the invention in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention,

[0037] FIG. 2a, 2b illustrate two variants of a shaft tool/instrument head in the case of a bone punch and a rongeur tool,

[0038] FIG. 3 illustrates two handheld elements, i.e. a pistol grip and an actuating lever, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention,

[0039] FIG. 4 exemplifies two variants (rongeur and bone punch) of an inner bar or rod component of a shaft tool according to the invention,

[0040] FIG. 5 exemplifies two variants (rongeur and bone punch) of an outer bar or rod component of a shaft tool according to the invention,

[0041] FIG. 6 illustrates the two variants of a surgical instrument according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in the mounted state, and

[0042] FIG. 7 describes the assembly operation for manufacturing a surgical instrument according to the invention in four diagrams.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] From FIGS. 1, 2a and 2b, a manually actuatable surgical instrument according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in a pictogram-like manner, with two variants for an optionally usable shaft tool being exemplified, i.e. a bone punch and a rongeur tool. It is outlined already in this context that also other shaft tools such as pincers, scissors or forceps may be chosen.

[0044] Accordingly, the surgical instrument according to the invention has a modular structure especially according to the modular principle and includes an instrument grip, preferably a pistol grip 1, which forms a receiving housing inter alia for an actuating lever 2 which is hinged in the manner of a rocker in the pistol grip 1 to an articulation point 8 on the handle side. A first actuating portion 2a of the rocker-type actuating lever 2 projects from the pistol grip 1 and, resp., from the receiving housing and serves as inserting/engaging area for a surgeon. A second force transmission portion 2b of the rocker-type actuating lever 2 on the side opposed to the actuating portion 2a with respect to the handle-side articulation point 8 serves as coupling transmission area for transferring the actuating force applied by a surgeon to a shaft tool 4.

[0045] The shaft tool 4 in the present case consists of a tool shaft 6 inserted in the pistol grip 1 and, resp., the receiving housing at its proximal end portion (facing away from the patient) and of an instrument head or jaw part 10 for the surgical effective engagement on the patient, as it is exemplified in FIGS. 2a, 2b in the form of the bone punch or the rongeur tool. In the present case, the tool shaft 6 is made of two bars 12, 14 telescoped into each other the inner bar 12 of which is fixedly held preferably in the form of a solid profile on the instrument grip 1 and, resp., in the receiving housing, whereas the outer bar 14 is supported to be axially movable in the receiving housing preferably in the form of a hollow profile (tube).

[0046] As one can infer already from FIG. 1, the outer bar 14 includes, preferably on its proximal end portion, a shaft-side articulation point 16 to which the actuating lever 2, especially the force transmission portion 2b thereof, is hinged on the end side. If, accordingly, the surgeon applies force to the actuating portion 2a of the actuating lever 2 in the direction of the pistol grip 1, the actuating lever 2 rocks/pivots in its central portion about the handle-side articulation point 8, while the actuating lever 2 pivots about the shaft-side articulation point 16 at the free end of the force transmission portion 2b and simultaneously advances the outer bar 14 relative to the inner bar 12 in the distally axial direction. Depending on the type of instrument head 10 the mechanism thereof is actuated in this way.

[0047] For example, FIG. 2a illustrates the schematic diagram of a bone punch as a variant of the instrument head 10. Accordingly, the distal end edge of the outer bar (bar tube) 14 may be in the form of a beveled cutting edge, whereas the distal end of the inner bar 12 may be shaped as a stop plate interacting with the cutting edge according to the anvil or bypass cutting principle, when the outer bar 14 is displaced relative to the inner bar 12 in the distal direction. As an alternative, in FIG. 2b, another variant of the instrument head 10 is shown in the form of a rongeur tool. The latter is generally made of two spring struts forming the opposed legs of forceps and being radially bulged in their longitudinal central portion. The proximal ends of the two legs are fixed on the distal end of the inner bar 12. When the outer tubular rod 14 is thus axially displaced in the distal direction, it sweeps over the radially bulged portions of the two legs and resiliently compresses the same due to the narrow cross-section of the tubular bar. In this way, the rongeur tool can be closed and opened again according to the principle of forceps.

[0048] FIG. 4 shows a possible constructive assembly of the inner bar 12 according to the afore-mentioned two exemplary variants, whereas a possible constructive assembly of the outer bar 14 according to the afore-mentioned two exemplary variants is shown in FIG. 5.

[0049] The surgical instrument according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention thus includes merely three main components for the modular system, i.e. the instrument grip 1 which is equal for all variants of the surgical instrument, the actuating lever 2 which optionally may have different lever ratios and the shaft tool 4 which is exchangeable for the different instrument variants. In addition, a biasing spring 18 (cf. FIG. 7), for example a leaf spring, may be provided which is disposed between the instrument grip 1 and the actuating lever 2 so as to bias the latter into the opening position of the shaft tool 4.

[0050] The instrument grip 1 and the actuating lever 2 are shown separately from each other in FIG. 3 and in the mounted state in FIG. 6.

[0051] Accordingly, in its distal area the instrument grip 1 forms sort of a receiving duct 1a into which the tool shaft 4 can be inserted and a holding area 1b having the contours of a pistol grip. Additionally, in the holding area 1b a through opening 1c corresponding to a scissors grip (for a thumb/finger reaching therethrough) is formed. Finally, in the distal area below the receiving shaft 1a the handle-side articulation point 8 is disposed. In the present case, it consists of a projection extending along the holding area 1b and being formed of two eye plates 8a spaced apart in parallel. Each of the eye plates 8a includes an aligned through bore 8b into which a hinge pin 20 can be inserted.

[0052] The actuating lever 2 equally includes in its first actuating portion 2a a rim contour (open/non-looped grip edge) which promotes the lever 2 being held by the fingers of a surgeon and, in addition, a through opening 2c corresponding to a scissors grip for a finger (thumb) reaching therethrough. In this respect, the instrument grip 1 including the actuating lever 2 mounted thereto may be optionally held and handled like a pistol grip or like a scissors grip so as to cope with different shaft tools 4.

[0053] The actuating lever 2 includes in its central portion a flattening 22 provided with a through hole 24. The flattening 22 is configured so as to be slidingly introduced between the two parallel eye plates 8a, wherein the subsequently inserted hinge pin 20 pivotally retains the actuating lever 2 on the instrument grip 1. As is further evident from FIG. 3, the actuating lever 2 forms a clamp eye or driving fork 26 at the distal end of its second force transmission portion 2b. Said clamp eye 26 is adapted to be pivotally engaged with the hinge pin (not shown in detail) of the shaft-side articulation point 16.

[0054] In FIGS. 4 and 5 the two variants of tool shafts 4 are exemplified for the bone punch and the rongeur tool as an engineering structural drawing.

[0055] Accordingly, the inner bar 12 of each tool shaft 4 according to FIG. 4 includes the distal end portion for receiving or forming the patient engagement element on the instrument head 10 as afore-described already and a proximal end portion which is formed as or provided with a fixing device 12a. Concretely speaking, the fixing device 12a may consist of one or two transverse bores (cf. especially FIG. 6) which is/are aligned with one or two transverse bores on the instrument grip 1 when the tool shaft 4 is completely inserted in the receiving duct la. Then screws or splints may be inserted into the transverse bores 12a so as to axially fix the inner bar 12 within the instrument grip 1.

[0056] The outer tubular bar 14 according to FIG. 5 basically has an inner diameter which enables the same to slide along the inner bar 12 in a guided manner. The outer tubular bar 14, too, forms or includes at its distal end a patient engagement element that interacts with the patient engagement element of the inner bar 12 while forming the instrument head or jaw part 10. In contrast to the inner bar 12, however, the outer bar 14 includes at its proximal end the shaft-side articulation point 16 which is a transverse bolt in the present case. The length and the diameter of the transverse bolt are adapted to the clamp eye 26 of the actuating lever 2 such that the latter can be assembled to the outer tubular bar 14 on the shaft-side articulation point 16 without the use of any tools.

[0057] The assembly of a surgical instrument according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, presently in the form of the bone punch, is illustrated in FIG. 7.

[0058] Accordingly, at first, the inner bar 12 is inserted into the receiving duct 1a of the instrument grip 1 and is axially secured by means of two transverse splints. Then the outer tubular bar 14 is slipped over the inner bar 12 and is equally inserted into the receiving duct 1a until the latter proximally abuts at the end side on the front transverse splint.

[0059] As is evident from FIG. 7, a leaf spring 18 has already been pre-mounted on the actuating lever 2. This may be performed by riveting, screwing, bonding or casting when the actuating lever 2 is injection-molded. The actuating lever 2 prepared in this way is now inserted below the receiving duct 1a between the two parallel eye plates 8a into the instrument grip 1 until the latter locks/engages with its end-side clamp eyes 26 on the transverse bolt (articulation point 16) of the outer tubular bar 14 in a hinge-like manner. Finally a hinge pin 20 is put into the through bores 8b at the eye plates 8a and into the through bore 24 at the actuating lever 2 and in this way the actuating lever 2 is hinge-coupled to the instrument grip 1. In this position, the leaf spring 18 resiliently contacts the outside of the instrument grip 1 and thus biases the actuating lever 2 in the opening direction of the instrument.

[0060] As one can infer from the foregoing description, merely four assembly steps are required to complete the surgical instrument. Said steps can be carried out quickly and without any major manufacturing expenditure. Both the instrument grip 1 and the actuating lever 2 are made from injection-molded plastic and hence manufacture thereof is quite inexpensive. Merely the shaft tool 4 and the jaw part 10 are manufactured at least partly or completely of metal or ceramic. In so far the manufacturing costs in terms of material, manufacture of the modular elements and assembly thereof can be minimized. Besides, all elements can be assembled from outside of the instrument grip 1 without the use of any tools and are also accessible from outside. In the present case, this is no problem in view of sterilization/purification as well as susceptibility to damage, however, as the instrument is provided as a disposable instrument which will be disposed of after one single use.

[0061] Summing up, the invention discloses a disposable surgical instrument which, in accordance with the principle of a modular system, has the following elements: [0062] an instrument grip 1, preferably a pistol grip, which forms a receiving housing in which instrument grip a separate handle such as an actuating lever 2 is mounted in the manner of a rocker on an articulation point 8 on the handle side, and [0063] a shaft tool 4 consisting of a shaft 6 comprising at least two relatively axially movable bar or rod components 12, 14 and an instrument head 10 having patient engagement elements which can be actuated by the two relatively axially movable bar or rod components 12, 14 of which one bar or rod component 12 is fixed at the proximal end thereof to the instrument grip and the other movable bar or rod component 14 has a shaft-side articulation point 16 on which the handle 2 is directly articulated in such way that a manually actuated rocker movement of the handle 2 about the handle-side articulation point 8 is transformed directly into an axial movement of the other bar or rod component 14 on the shaft-side articulation point 16.