ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM WITH HYDROGEN FUEL CELL-BASED GENERATION SOURCE

Abstract

System comprising an element for capturing and transforming external light into electricity based on the use of doped graphene; an electricity management control board to which are connected: a battery and a generator for supplying the current needed by a hydrolysis machine connected to the generator; a hydrogen tank connected to the hydrolysis machine; an oxygen tank connected to the hydrolysis machine, for use in space-based systems, which can be vented through an exhaust; a fuel cell or hydrogen cell connected to the hydrogen and oxygen tanks and a water deposit connected on one side to the hydrogen cell from which it receives the water generated and on the other to the hydrolysis machine to which it supplies the water. A self-sufficient or autonomous generation system is achieved.

Claims

1. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell, characterised by comprising: An element for capturing light from the outside and transforming it into electricity based on the use of a doped graphene layer (1). An electricity management control board (2) connected to the light capture and transformation element, to which are connected: A backup batter (3). A generator (4) used to supply the current needed by a hydrolysis machine (5). The hydrolysis machine (5) which when connected to the generator receives the power from the generator. A hydrogen tank (6) connected to the hydrolysis machine by a hydrogen pressure pump (13). A fuel cell or hydrogen cell (8) connected to the hydrogen (6) and oxygen (7) tanks. A water tank (9) connected on one side to the hydrogen cell (8) by a water recovery pump (10) that allows transferring the water generated to the water tank (9), which in turn is connected to the hydrolysis machine (5) through a water supply pump (11) to which the water is supplied.

2. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised by also comprising an oxygen tank (7) connected to the hydrolysis machine.

3. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the hydrolysis machine comprises: A frequency generator; An electrolysis generator; A hydrogen manifold; An oxygen manifold.

4. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the frequency generator is a low-voltage frequency generator operating in the sub-harmonic range.

5. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the electrolysis generator is a sealed tank comprising a series of chambers separated about 3 mm from each other where each one of the faces thereof has an electrode. These chambers are also used as separator areas where hydrogen is produced in the odd-numbered chambers and oxygen is produced in the even-numbered chambers.

6. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 5, characterised in that odd-numbered cavities are provided on the top part thereof with a channeled orifice or central manifold where all the hydrogen generated is grouped, this channel being provided with a pressure pump connected to the power distribution core for power supply and operating at a fixed pressure of 12 atmospheres.

7. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 5, characterised in that even-numbered cavities are provided on the top part thereof with an orifice similar to that described above and also connected to a central manifold.

8. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 6, characterised in that the hydrogen manifold connects all the hydrogen generator units and in the final segment thereof narrows to generate a Venturi effect, is formed by sealed elements that prevent gas leaks and is made from plastic components that do not generate electricity.

9. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 6, characterised in that the oxygen manifold is also channeled and where the oxygen is not stored but instead vented through an exhaust.

9. Power generation system with generation source based on a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterised in that the hydrogen tank is made of a high-resistance and anti-static plastic material. includes a series of optical and mechanical sensors that activate the electrolysis process on demand.

10. A vehicle powered by the power generation system according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises one, two or four motors.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] To complete the description being made, and in order to aid a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to an example of a preferred embodiment thereof, a set of drawings are provided that form an integral part of this description where, for purposes of illustration and in a non-limiting sense, the following is shown:

[0057] FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an example of the generation system with a generation source based on a hydrogen cell.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0058] In view of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the proposed invention is described below.

[0059] FIG. 1 shows that the generation system: [0060] An element for capturing light from the outside and transforming it into electricity based on the use of a doped graphene layer (1). [0061] An electricity management control board (2) connected to the light capture and transformation element, to which are connected: [0062] A backup batter (3). [0063] A generator (4) used to supply the current needed by a hydrolysis machine (5) [0064] The hydrolysis machine (5) which when connected to the generator receives the power from the generator. [0065] A hydrogen tank (6) connected to the hydrolysis machine by a hydrogen pressure pump (13). [0066] An oxygen tank (7) connected to the hydrolysis machine for use in space-based systems, wherein the oxygen can be released to the exterior through an exhaust. [0067] A fuel cell or hydrogen cell (8) that is connected to the hydrogen (6) and oxygen (7) tanks. [0068] A water tank (9) connected on one side to the hydrogen cell (8) by a water recovery pump (10) that allows transferring the water generated to the water tank (9), which in turn is connected to the hydrolysis machine (5) through a water supply pump (11) to which the water is supplied.

[0069] The hydrogen cell (8) is in charge of generating the power that will be used by a vehicle motor, the power systems used in a building, etc.

[0070] The power generation system of the invention has numerous possibilities; in addition to the usual materials used in vehicles for which this technology can be used, the following elements can be added specifically.

[0071] Power Generators.

[0072] Vehicle body. Photoconducting graphene sheets are attached to the body by sheets fitted against the structure of the vehicle, forming a transparent and highly resistant layer. A protective film is placed on this layer.

[0073] Each sheet is wired concentrating at a single point where the power generated is supplied to the various consumers (power control board).

[0074] In case of accident or damage to the vehicle, it is only necessary to replace the new part. As each sheet is independent, damages do not compromise the energy efficiency.

[0075] Electric motors. In vehicles with more than one electric motor, these motors can be arranged such that the motors not used for traction use the motion to generate electricity used in the generation of hydrogen electrolysis.

[0076] Secondary or backup accumulators. The vehicle is equipped with a backup accumulator that allows said vehicle to generate during a certain time the power required for the electrolysis process and supply power to the low-consumption electrical elements.

[0077] The energy accumulated is that generated by the body, and, in the case of electrical polymotors, by the motors in a suitable configuration.

[0078] Electricity Consumers.

[0079] Hydrogen generator.

[0080] The water electrolysis system comprises various elements. These are: [0081] Frequency generator [0082] Electrolysis generator [0083] Hydrogen manifold [0084] Oxygen manifold [0085] Hydrogen tank [0086] Oxygen tank

[0087] Frequency Generator.

[0088] A low-voltage frequency generator provides the power needed to dissociate water molecules into H and O.

[0089] When the high-efficiency electrolysis system is used there is no need for a high voltage, as the Planck formula E=f*h, where E is the energy required, f is the frequency at which the bonds break in the H.sub.2O molecule and h is a constant, applies.

[0090] The device operates in the range of sub-harmonics to avoid consuming power. This allows a sufficiently high photovoltaic efficiency.

[0091] Electrolysis Generator.

[0092] Hydrogen is generated in a hermetically sealed tank. The device comprises a number of chambers separated by about 3 mm from each other, where each face has an electrode. These chambers are also used as separation areas where H is produced in odd-numbered chambers and O is produced in even-numbered chambers. No electrolytes are used in the model.

[0093] Each odd-numbered cavity is provided on its top part with a channeled orifice in which the generated hydrogen is grouped. This channel has a pressure pump connected to the power distribution core for power supply, and operates at a fixed pressure of 12 atmospheres, which is the pressure of the hydrogen tank.

[0094] Depending on the power generated by the vehicle, as many hydrogen generators will be needed as litres/hour are necessary for a correct operation of the main generator

[0095] Each hydrogen generator has a minimum production capacity of 8 to 12 litres of H per hour.

[0096] Even-numbered cavities have an orifice identical to that described above, also connected to a central manifold.

[0097] Hydrogen Manifold.

[0098] The manifold joins all the hydrogen generator units. In its final sector the manifold narrows, generating a Venturi effect and facilitating the task of the pressure pump.

[0099] The manifold as a whole is formed by sealed elements that prevent gas leaks and is made of plastic elements that do not generate electricity. At the end thereof, before the tank also made of anti-static and sealed plastic, a pump is installed to increase the pressure to 12 atmospheres and reduce the space needed to store the hydrogen. The tank volume does not need to be larger than 40 litres.

[0100] The pump is powered by the energy generated by the graphene-based photovoltaic system, and is one of the consumption elements.

[0101] Oxygen Manifold

[0102] The oxygen is also introduced in ducts but it is not stored. All the gas generated is emitted to the exterior by an appropriate exhaust. This is the only emission produced by the entire system.

[0103] In space-based systems the oxygen is also led to a tank where it is stored for subsequent use as a mixing element in the hydrogen cell. The storage process is similar to that for hydrogen.

[0104] Hydrogen Tank

[0105] The hydrogen tank stores hydrogen in a safe and risk-free manner, and is large enough to store enough gas to provide sufficient range in paths without sunlight.

[0106] It is made of a high-resistant and anti-static plastic material and is the main element for supply to the hydrogen cell(s).

[0107] The tank has a number of optical and mechanical sensors that activate the electrolysis process on demand. That is, the vehicle does not generate hydrogen unless the hydrogen is used to under 80% capacity.

[0108] Oxygen Tank

[0109] Identical to the hydrogen tank in the cases described above when it is needed.

[0110] Drive Generator

[0111] The vehicle drive system operates using the hydrogen cell. This technique uses the electricity generated by consuming hydrogen.

[0112] The system can have as many hydrogen cells in series as needed for the electrical demand required.

[0113] The end product of this reaction is water (H.sub.2O), which is treated in a subsequent stage.

[0114] Motion Generator

[0115] The system comprises one or several electric motors depending on the power requirements.

[0116] Single Motor

[0117] In these cases the motor is placed at a specific place in the vehicle and transmits its force by a drive management system or gearbox and differential gears.

[0118] Two Motors

[0119] In these cases the drive system is placed in each of the shafts and controlled by a digital control board described in the electronics section.

[0120] The system in general can use one or both motors; if one is disabled it can be used to generate electricity independent of motion.

[0121] Four Motors.

[0122] A complex system controlled by a digital control board. One motor is used for each drive element (for each wheel in vehicles with four wheels). The power is controlled by a digital control board that manages the electric potential that must be received and the revolutions according to the driving conditions.

[0123] Similarly to the previous case, if any motor is disabled as a drive element it can be used to generate power.

[0124] Drive System

[0125] The system generates the energy needed to power the main drive unit of the vehicle using one or several hydrogen cells.

[0126] The drive systems are as follows: [0127] Singe motor. A single electric motor providing the necessary motion. [0128] Dual motor (land vehicles). Drives the front or rear torque of the vehicle and is controlled by a digital control board (other vehicles depending on the drive specifications thereof). [0129] Four motors (land vehicle). Drives each of the wheels (other vehicles depending on the drive specifications thereof).

[0130] In the last two cases (land vehicles) the power of the motors will be twice the rated power. This allows the system to work with different driving traction conditions selected.

[0131] Traction and Control.

[0132] Vehicles with a single motor have direct drive controlled by a system, when necessary a gearbox. Vehicles with more than one motor have traction controlled by a digital switchboard that manages the power of each motor and the desired traction.

[0133] All-Wheel, Front or Rear Drive.

[0134] In vehicles without all-wheel drive the power generated by the motors is used in the electrolysis process and for the electricity required by the electrical components.

[0135] Having sufficiently described the nature of the present invention and the embodiment thereof, it is noted that without departing from the essence thereof other embodiments are possible differing in details from that given by way of example, which will also be included in the scope of protection sought provided the main principle of the invention is not altered, changed or modified.