Access control device for persons or vehicles

Abstract

An access control device (1) for blocking or opening a passage (2) for persons or vehicles. The access control device comprises one or two blocking bodies (3, 3′), each arranged on a carrier (4, 4′). Each blocking body (3, 3′) comprises a mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) which, in a first position, is substantially planar and opens the passage (2) and, in a second position, assumes a curved shape which blocks the passage (2). One or both ends of the deformable element (5, 5′) are connected to an actuator (7). A controller controls the deformable element for transferring them first between the first and second positions. When transferring the deformable element from the first to the second position, either the distance between the ends of the respective blocking body is reduced or, when the ends have a constant distance, the length of the blocking body is increased.

Claims

1. An access control device (1) for a person or a vehicle for blocking or opening a passage (2) of the access control device (1), wherein the access control device (1) comprises at least one blocking body (3, 3′), and each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) is arranged on a carrier (4, 4′), each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) has a mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) which, in a first position, is substantially planar and opens the passage (2) to permit passage therethrough and, in a second position, assumes a curved shape such that the at least one blocking body (3, 3′) at least sufficiently blocks the passage so as to prevent the person or vehicle passing therethrough, at least one end of each mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is connected or operatively connected to an actuator (7) which is connected to the respective carrier (4, 4′) and controllable by a controller, and, by the control of the respective actuator (7), the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is transferred from the first position to the second position and vice versa, and one of: a distance between the ends of each respective at least one blocking body (3, 3′) is reduced so as to transfer the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) from the first position to the second position, or when the ends of the at least one respective blocking body (3, 3′) have a constant distance, a length of the blocking body (3, 3′) is increased; and the respective actuator (7) is one of a hydraulically, a pneumatically, an electrically or an electromagnetically axially displaceable component along a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) in the first position.

2. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is designed as a single or a multilayer leaf spring, as a round spring or as an element consisting of a plurality of individual links of the same or different lengths designed and connected, in a hinged manner, to one another, elastically or non-elastically, when the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is designed as one of a single or multilayer leaf spring, and a surface normal of the element designed as a leaf spring extends, in the first position, parallel to a plane extending perpendicular to a passage plane and to a passage direction.

3. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one blocking body (3, 3′) comprises two blocking bodies (3, 3′), and the respective carriers (4, 4′) are arranged on opposite sides of the passage (2) and are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the passage (2).

4. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein one end of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is respectively connected to an actuator (7) or by a hinge (8) to the carrier (4, 4′), the other end is connected, in a hinged manner, to one end of a non-elastic element (10), the other end of which is connected to an actuator, wherein the length of the respective blocking body corresponds to a length of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element plus a length of the non-elastic element.

5. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is made of rubber, metal, fiberglass reinforced plastic or laminated plastic and has a torsional rigidity by which a bending of the element, by human force, is impossible.

6. The access control device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the surface normal of the respective element (5, 5′), designed as a leaf spring, runs parallel or perpendicular to a passage plane in the first position.

7. The access control device (1) according to claim 2, wherein the side of the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′), designed as the leaf spring facing the carrier (4, 4′), is convex with respect to the carrier in the first position.

8. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein lighting means are integrated into the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′).

9. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein, in the second position, the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) assumes one of a circular arc or elliptical arc shape.

10. The access control device (1) according to claim 1, wherein, in the first position, a longitudinal axis of the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) extends perpendicular or parallel to a passage plane.

11. An access control device (1) for a person or a vehicle for blocking or opening a passage (2) of the access control device (1), wherein the access control device (1) comprises at least one blocking body (3, 3′), and each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) is arranged on a carrier (4, 4′), each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) has a mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) which, in a first position, is substantially planar and opens the passage (2) to permit passage therethrough and, in a second position, assumes a curved shape such that the at least one blocking body (3, 3′) at least sufficiently blocks the passage so as to prevent the person or vehicle passing therethrough, at least one end of each mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is connected or operatively connected to an actuator (7) which is connected to the respective carrier (4, 4′) and controllable by a controller, and, by the control of the respective actuator (7), the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is transferred from the first position to the second position and vice versa, and one of: a distance between the ends of each respective at least one blocking body (3, 3′) is reduced so as to transfer the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) from the first position to the second position, or when the ends of the at least one respective blocking body (3, 3′) have a constant distance, a length of the blocking body (3, 3′) is increased; one of: each end of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) are each connected to the respective actuator (7), or one end of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is connected to an actuator (7), the other end is connected by a hinge (8) to the carrier (4, 4′), and a length of each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) corresponds to length of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) between the two actuators or between the actuator and the hinge (8); and the respective actuator (7) is one of a hydraulically, a pneumatically, an electrically or an electromagnetically axially displaceable component along a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) in the first position.

12. An access control device (1) for a person or a vehicle for blocking or opening a passage (2) of the access control device (1), wherein the access control device (1) comprises at least one blocking body (3, 3′), and each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) is arranged on a carrier (4, 4′), each at least one blocking body (3, 3′) has a mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) which, in a first position, is substantially planar and opens the passage (2) to permit passage therethrough and, in a second position, assumes a curved shape such that the at least one blocking body (3, 3′) at least sufficiently blocks the passage so as to prevent the person or vehicle passing therethrough, at least one end of each mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is connected or operatively connected to an actuator (7) which is connected to the respective carrier (4, 4′) and controllable by a controller, and, by the control of the respective actuator (7), the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is transferred from the first position to the second position and vice versa, and one of: a distance between the ends of each respective at least one blocking body (3, 3′) is reduced so as to transfer the mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) from the first position to the second position, or when the ends of the at least one respective blocking body (3, 3′) have a constant distance, a length of the blocking body (3, 3′) is increased; wherein one end of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element (5, 5′) is respectively connected to an actuator (7) or by a hinge (8) to the carrier (4, 4′), the other end is connected, in a hinged manner, to one end of a non-elastic element (10), the other end of which is connected to an actuator, wherein the length of the respective blocking body corresponds to a length of the respective mechanically reversibly deformable element plus a length of the non-elastic element; and the respective actuator (7) connected to the non-elastic element (10) is a hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically or electromagnetically axially displaced component along a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the respective leaf spring element (5, 5′) in the first position.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example with reference to the attached figures. Shown are:

(2) FIG. 1: A schematic view of a first embodiment of an access control device according to the invention comprising a blocking body having a mechanically reversibly deformable element designed as a leaf spring, wherein the blocking body is located in the second position;

(3) FIG. 2: A schematic view of a second embodiment of an access control device according to the invention comprising two blocking bodies each having a mechanically reversibly deformable element designed as a leaf spring, wherein in the right part of the figure, the blocking bodies are shown in the second position and in the left part of the figure, the blocking bodies are shown in the first position;

(4) FIG. 3: A schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of an access control device according to the invention, comprising two blocking bodies, each having a mechanically reversibly deformable element designed as a leaf spring, wherein the blocking bodies are located in the second position;

(5) FIG. 4: A schematic view of a fourth embodiment of an access control device according to the invention, comprising two blocking bodies, each having a mechanically reversibly deformable element designed as a leaf spring, wherein the blocking bodies are located in the second position;

(6) FIG. 5: A schematic perspective view of a blocking body designed according to an embodiment of the invention and an actuator for illustrating the principle according to the invention for controlling the blocking body;

(7) FIG. 6: A schematic view of a further development of the access control device shown in FIG. 2; and

(8) FIG. 7: An example of the use of an access control device to illustrate the compact structure of the access control device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(9) According to the invention and with reference to FIG. 1, an access control device 1 for persons or vehicles for blocking or releasing a passage 2 comprises a blocking body 3, which is respectively arranged on a carrier 4, the blocking body 3 having a mechanically reversibly deformable element 5 designed as a single or multilayer leaf spring, the element's side facing the passage 2 being substantially planar in a first position and completely releasing the passage 2 and in a second position, assuming a circular arc or elliptical arc shape blocking the passage of persons or vehicles, as illustrated with reference to FIG. 1. In this case, the passage 2 is defined by the carrier 4 and a column 6. In this case, the longitudinal axis of the element 5 designed as a leaf spring extends perpendicular to the passage plane in the first position.

(10) In the example shown in FIG. 2, the access control device 1 comprises two blocking bodies 3, 3′, which are each arranged on a carrier 4, 4′, and each having an element 5, 5′ designed as a single or multilayer leaf spring, which define the passage 2. In this case, in the second position according to the left part of FIG. 2, the passage 2 is partially blocked by a respective element 5, 5′ designed as a single or multilayer leaf spring, so that the passage 2 is blocked for persons or vehicles by the combination of both blocking bodies 3, 3′. According to the right part of FIG. 1, the passage is completely released in the first position.

(11) The surface normal of the respective leaf spring element 5, 5′ extends, in the first position, parallel to a plane extending perpendicular to the passage plane and to the passage direction. In the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface normal of the respective element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring extends parallel to the passage plane in the first position, wherein the longitudinal axes of the elements 5, 5′ designed as leaf springs extend perpendicular to the passage plane in the first position.

(12) The embodiment according to FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 2 in that the longitudinal axes of the elements 5, 5′ designed as leaf springs extend parallel to the passage plane in the first position.

(13) In the embodiments according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, one end of the respective element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring is respectively connected to an actuator 7 which is connected to the respective carrier 4, 4′ and controllable by a controller, by the control of which the element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring is transferred from the first to the second position and vice versa. The other end is connected by a hinge 8 to the carrier 4, 4′, wherein the hinge axis extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and the surface normal of the elements 5, 5′ designed as leaf springs in the first position.

(14) In order to transfer an element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring from the first to the second position, according to an embodiment of the invention, the distance between the ends of the respective blocking body 3, 3′ is reduced, as illustrated with reference to FIG. 2. In the examples shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the length of the respective blocking body 3, 3′ corresponds to the length of the respective element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring.

(15) Starting from the state shown in the right part of FIG. 2, the actuators 7 connected to one end of the respective blocking body 3, 3′ are displaced axially upward in the direction of the arrows A parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elements 5, 5′ designed as leaf springs in the first position, whereby the elements 5, 5′ designed as leaf springs each curve in the direction of the passage, which is indicated by the arrows B in order to reach the second position according to the left part of FIG. 2 and to block the passage. Starting from the state according to the left part of FIG. 2, the actuators are axially displaced downwards in the direction of the arrows C, whereby the elements 5, 5′ designed as leaf springs move in the direction of the arrows D in order to reach the first position and to completely release the passage 2.

(16) As an alternative to reducing the distance between the ends of the respective blocking body 3, 3′, the length of the respective blocking body 3, 3′ can be enlarged with constant distance between the ends of the blocking body to transfer an element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring from the first position to the second position. In this case, referring to FIG. 5, the actuator is designed as an electrically driven roller 9, on which the respective end of the element designed as a leaf spring can be wound up and from which the respective end of the element designed as a leaf spring can be unwound. In order to reach the second position shown in FIG. 5, starting from the first position, the roller 9 is rotated in the direction of arrow E, whereby the element 5 designed as a leaf spring is unwound F from the roller 9 in the direction of arrow and the element 5 curves in the direction of the arrow G. Lighting means LM, for example, may be integrated into the mechanically reversibly deformable element 5, 5′.

(17) In the example shown in FIG. 4, one end of the respective element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring is connected to the carrier 4, 4′ by a hinge 8, wherein the other end is connected in a hinged manner to one end of a non-elastic element 10, the other end of which is connected to an axially displaceable actuator 7 for varying the length between the ends of the blocking body 3, 3′. In this case, the length of the respective blocking body 3, 3′ corresponds to the length of the respective element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring plus the length of the non-elastic element 10 connected in a hinged manner to the element 5, 5′ designed as a leaf spring.

(18) According to a further development of the invention and with reference to FIG. 6, the blocking bodies 3 can be connected to a film 11 connected to the carrier 4, which is tensioned in the second position, wherein the film 11 can be illuminated.

(19) The access control device according to the invention is constructed very compact through the underlying principle of using a mechanically reversibly deformable element, which, for example, allows the use of the access control device in a door, as illustrated by FIG. 7.

(20) An access control device according to the invention has at least one reading device connected to the controller for access authorizations stored on data carriers. The reading device is preferably designed for the non-contact reading of access authorizations via a standard for wireless communication, for example, via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) or RFID. In the case of a valid access authorization, in this case, the at least one blocking body is transferred from the second position to the first position.

(21) The compact construction also advantageously allows the use of the access control device according to the invention for the implementation of a barrier-free access with valid access authorization. In this case, the at least one blocking body is transferred from the first position to the second position when there is an invalid or no access authorization.

(22) According to further embodiments of the invention, a plurality of blocking bodies can be arranged one above the other on a carrier in order to block the passage at respectively different heights.

(23) An access control device according to the invention has the advantage in that it can be modular in design to meet different requirements. For example, the blocking bodies can be exchanged to achieve a form of the blocking body required for the respective application in the second position or a required torsional rigidity.