Lock solution for venous catheters using sodium bicarbonate

Abstract

A Sodium Bicarbonate Catheter Lock Solution that prevents clot formation inside the catheter lumen and ensures patency of the catheter and also eliminates bleeding and other complications caused through the use of anticoagulants and other solutions as a catheter locking solution. Said lock solution may be used with or without other components such as antimicrobials/antibiotics and/or anti-coagulants/anti-clotting agents.

Claims

1. A method of preventing catheter occlusion or thrombosis in a catheter during dwell time, consisting of the steps of: providing a patient with a central catheter for vascular access; and inserting into a lumen of said catheter a stand-alone anti-clotting lock solution consisting of 8.4% of sodium bicarbonate “and an antimicrobial agent” to mitigate clotting within said lock solution in order to keep patency when said catheter is not being used for treatment of a patient.

2. The method of preventing catheter occlusion or thrombosis in a catheter during dwell time of claim 1, wherein said catheter is a non-tunneled central catheter with single, double or triple lumen.

3. The method of preventing catheter occlusion or thrombosis in a catheter during dwell time of claim 1, wherein said catheter is a tunneled catheter adapted to lie in a subcutaneous tunnel.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES

(1) In order that the invention may be more fully understood, it will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

(2) FIG. 1 is a illustrative view of the prior art.

(3) FIG. 2 is an illustrative view of the instant invention in use.

(4) FIG. 3 is an illustrative view of a non-tunneled central catheter having a plurality of lumens.

(5) FIG. 4 is an illustrative view of a tunneled central catheter having a plurality of lumens.

(6) FIG. 5 is an illustrative view of a totally implanted central catheter having a subcutaneous port.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

(7) The following discussion describes in detail one embodiment of the invention (and several variations of that embodiment). This discussion should not be construed, however, as limiting the invention to those particular embodiments, practitioners skilled in the art will recognize numerous other embodiments as well. For definition of the complete scope of the invention, the reader is directed to appended claims.

(8) Referring to FIG. 1, there is seen an illustrative view of the prior art. In the Figure there is shown a tunneled catheter as indicated at 12. Catheters whether short or long-term use maintained in the patient's body have a period of idle time, referred to as dwell or down time where one of the complications that can result is that the blood within the lumen 24 may clot. To combat this tendency, various solutions are currently inserted into the catheter and these solutions are called catheter lock solutions. They prevent clotting and, in many circumstances, are also intended to prevent infection by providing an antimicrobial solution or compound that rests within catheter lumen. These types of lock solutions would be injected or otherwise inserted into the catheter lumen by means 22, such as a syringe having a needle or fastener such as a leur lock.

(9) In regard to prior art catheter lock solutions placed in the catheter lumen 24, compounds such as heparin 16, citrate 18, and sodium chloride 20, are used in various combinations and concentrations. As aforementioned, heparin has the disadvantage of possibly inducing bleeding (since it is an anticoagulant) and citrate solution also has potentially hazardous side effects.

(10) Referring now to FIG. 2 shown is an illustrative view of the present invention in use. The present invention provides a catheter lock solution to mitigate clotting of the catheter lumen 24 by inserting 22, 14 a Sodium Bicarbonate Catheter Lock Solution 10. It should be noted that the Sodium Bicarbonate Catheter Lock Solution will function by itself as a stand-alone anti-clotting lock solution or could be used in combination with an antimicrobial solution (not seen in the Figures) or even with an additional or supplementary anti-clotting or anticoagulant component.

(11) Referring to FIGS. 3 through 5, depicted are various types of vascular catheters having one or more lumen and use of the Sodium Bicarbonate Catheter Lock Solution therewith. A non-tunneled central catheter with single, double or triple lumen (FIG. 3) is shown placed percutaneously having the catheter exiting the skin in the vicinity of the venous cannulation with the different lumen infusing fluid through holes on the side of the catheter. A tunneled catheter, shown in FIG. 4.lies in a subcutaneous tunnel between the catherized vein and skin-exit site and may have a subcutaneous cuff approximate the exit site. A totally implanted venous access catheter having a subcutaneous port is shown in FIG. 5 with the catheter extending under the skin from the cannulated vein to an infusion port, which is accessed through needle puncture into the port's self-sealing septum. The Sodium Bicarbonate Lock Solution of the present invention can be use with any catheter requiring a lock solution to maintain patency.

(12) No studies were found using Sodium Bicarbonate as a vascular lock solution, therefore, its anticoagulant principle cannot be definitively explained. It can be speculated that it works by binding calcium and removing it from the many enzymes of the coagulation system that require it as a co-factor.

(13) It should be emphasized that Sodium Bicarbonate is readily available and inexpensive. Its availability is enhanced since it is commonly used for treatment of metabolic acidosis.

(14) While certain novel features of this invention have been shown and described and are pointed out in the annexed claims, it is not intended to be limited to the details above, since it will be understood that various omissions, modifications, substitutions and changes in the forms and details of the device illustrated and in its operation can be made by those skilled in the art without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

(15) Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.