DRIVE DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, MOTOR VEHICLE

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive device (8) for a motor vehicle (1) having two drivable wheels (6, 7) on a wheel axle (3), said drive device comprising an electric machine (9), which is designed as an asynchronous machine and which has at least one stator (10) and at least one rotor (11, 12), wherein the rotor (11, 12) is or can be operatively connected to at least one of the wheels (6, 7) in order to drive said wheel. According to the invention, the electric machine (9) has two rotors (11, 12), which can rotate independently of one another, each of which is or can be operatively connected to one wheel (6, 7) of the wheel axle (3), and a device for varying the electric rotor resistance of at least one of the rotors (11, 12).

Claims

1. A drive device (8) for a motor vehicle (1), said motor vehicle comprising two drivable wheels (6, 7) on a wheel axle (3), the drive device (8) comprising: an electrical machine (9) having at least one stator (10) and at least one rotor (11, 12) wherein the rotor (11, 12) is operatively connected or can be operatively connected to at least one of the drivable wheels (6, 7), wherein the electrical machine (9) includes two rotors (11, 12) that can rotate independently of one another and are operatively connected or can be operatively connected in each case to a wheel (6, 7) of the wheel axle (3), and a device (22) for changing the electrical rotor resistance of at least one of the rotors (11, 12).

2. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (22) comprises at least one semiconductor switch (23), said semiconductor switch being connected in series to one phase (P) of a winding (14, 15) of the rotor (11, 12), said winding comprising multiple phases, and said semiconductor switch being controllable so as to change the electrical resistance of the phase (P).

3. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrical machine (9) comprises only one stator (10) that cooperates with the two rotors (11, 12).

4. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electrical machine (9) comprises in each case a stator (10′, 10″) for each of the rotors (11, 12).

5. The drive device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the drive device (8) comprises only one inverter (21) for operating the stators (10, 10′, 10″).

6. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stators (10′, 10″) are connected in series.

7. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stators (10, 10″) are connected in parallel to one another.

8. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotors (11, 12) together with the respective stator (10, 10′, 10″) form in each case an asynchronous machine.

9. The drive device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device (22) comprises a slip ring device (18, 19) for at least one of the rotors (11, 12) for electrically contacting at least one phase (P) of the winding (14, 15) of the rotor (11, 12).

10. A motor vehicle (1) having at least one wheel axle (3) that comprises two drivable wheels (6, 7) and having a drive device (8) according to claim 1.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The invention is further explained hereinunder with reference to the drawing, in which hereinunder:

[0016] FIG. 1 is a simplified illustration of a motor vehicle having an advantageous drive device,

[0017] FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the drive device of the motor vehicle in a schematic representation, and

[0018] FIG. 3 is a simplified detailed view of a device of the drive device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] FIG. 1 illustrates a simplified plan view of a motor vehicle 1 comprising two wheel axles 2 and 3, wherein the front wheel axle 2 is embodied as a steerable wheel axle 2 and the rear wheel axle 3 is embodied as a drivable wheel axle 3. For this purpose, the front wheel axle 2 is allocated a steering device 4 by means of which wheels 5 of the front wheel axle 2 can be steered. The rear wheel axle 3 comprises two wheels 6 and 7, said wheels being drivable by means of a drive device 8. The drive device 8 is embodied in this case as an electrical drive device.

[0020] For this purpose, the drive device 8 comprises an electrical machine 9, said electrical machine being embodied as an asynchronous machine, and a stator 10 and two rotors 11, 12 that are mounted in such a manner as to be able to rotate independently of one another. The rotors 11, 12 are embodied in this case as internal runner rotors 11, 12 that are arranged within the stator 10. Axes of rotation of the rotors 11, 12 are arranged in this case in alignment with one another and in a coaxial manner with respect to the stator 10. The rotors 11, 12 are in this case rotatably mounted in particular by means of slide bearings or rolling elements in a conventional manner in a housing 13 that also supports the stator 10. Each of the rotors 11, 12 comprises a winding 14, 15.

[0021] The rotor 11 is operatively connected to the wheel 6 by means of a drive shaft 16 and the rotor 12 is operatively connected to wheel 7 by way of a drive shaft 17. Furthermore, each of the rotors 11, 12 is allocated a slip ring device 18, 19 by means of which electrical contact can be made with at least one of the phases of the respective rotors 11, 12. It is provided in this case that respectively one phase of the rotor is guided outwards by means of the slip ring device 18 or 19. In this case, the phase that is guided outwards, as illustrated in FIG. 1, is guided to an electronic power system 20 that also operates the stator 10.

[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates for this purpose a simplified detailed view of the drive device 8. The electronic power system 20 comprises an inverter 21 that comprises a conventional bridge circuit for operating the stator 10. Furthermore, the electronic power system 20 comprises a device 22 that is used for the purpose of adjusting the electrical resistance of the phase of the corresponding rotor, said phase being guided outwards by means of the slip ring device 18 or 19 and only illustrated in this figure for the rotor 12. For this purpose, the device 22 comprises a semiconductor switch 23.

[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates for this purpose a simplified representation of the device 22. The outwards-guided phase P of the winding 15 of the rotor 12 is connected in series to the semiconductor switch 23. In order to influence the electrical resistance of the phase P, the semiconductor switch 23 is switched into a linear mode. As a result, the electrical resistance of the phase P can be adjusted to a desired resistance. A corresponding device is also expediently provided for the rotor 11. The device 22 can (as illustrated) be allocated in this case to the electronic power system 20 or to a control unit of the motor vehicle 1 or can be provided separately.

[0024] The drive device 8 is furthermore allocated an electrical accumulator 24 in the form of a rechargeable battery. The energy that is provided by the electrical accumulator 24 is made available to the stator 10, for operating the electrical machine 9, by means of the inverter 21 that is preferably controlled in a pulse width modulated manner. The magnetic field that is generated by means of the stator 10 influences the two rotors 11 and 12 equally, so that the wheels 6 and 7 are initially influenced with an equal amount of torque during operation. However, by means of actuating the device 22, wherein the electrical resistance of the winding 14 and/or of the rotor 11 or 12 is changed, the performance that is provided by the respective rotor 11, 12 and acts on the wheels 6, 7 changes. As a consequence, various rotational speeds and/or torque occur at the wheels 6, 7. This can be advantageous by way of example while negotiating bends in order to guarantee the driving stability of the motor vehicle 1.

[0025] By means of the advantageous and above described drive device 8, the otherwise conventional differential gear is consequently replaced on the driven wheel axle 3 of the motor vehicle 1. The respective rotor 11 and 12, together with the stator 10, form in each case an asynchronous machine. By means of changing of the electrical resistance at least of one of the rotors 11 or 12, various rotational speed and torque conditions are achieved, in particular in a continuous manner. In the described exemplary embodiment, the two phases of the respective winding 14, 15 are controlled by means of the respective device 22. It goes without saying that windings that have more than two phases, in particular three phases, are also feasible. As an alternative to using the semiconductor switch 23 that is preferably developed as MOSFET or IGBT, it is also feasible to provide a potentiometer. The number of slip rings of the slip ring devices 18, 19 depends on the number of phases of the respective rotor winding 14, 15, said phases being guided outwards and having an adjustable electrical resistance. The electronic power system 20 controls the device 22 accordingly. This can occur by way of example in dependence upon a steering angle that has been adjusted by the steering device 4 and has been communicated to the electronic power system 20 by way of example by means of a steering angle sensor 25. It is also feasible to regulate the device 22 for the respective rotor 11, 12, in dependence upon a prevailing actual rotational speed of the respective wheel 6, 7 or the respective drive shaft 16, 17.

[0026] Optionally, the driven wheels 6, 7 will be allocated additional spring deflection sensors that detect the spring deflection of a suspension system that supports the respective wheel 6, 7 during the operation of the motor vehicle 1 in order to adjust the wheel rotational speeds of the asynchronous machine at various spring deflections of the wheels 6, 7 by means of a corresponding adjustment of the electrical resistance of the winding 14 or 15 by means of the device 22. The drive device 8 thus also fulfills the function of the differential gear, said function rendering it possible to balance out the travel path length in the case of larger bumps or potholes. If both wheels travel over a bump, the distance travelled by the two wheels is equal and it is not necessary to adjust the rotational speed. If one wheel travels over a bump, differing travel path lengths would occur, making it necessary to adjust the rotational speed, which is achieved in this case by means of the drive device 8 and the control of the device 22.

[0027] In order to increase the control precision of the drive device 8, it is provided in accordance with a further exemplary embodiment that, in lieu of a common stator 10 being provided for each of the rotors 11,12, a dedicated stator 10′ and 10″, as illustrated in FIG. 2, is provided. In a first case, the two stators are then connected in parallel for this purpose and the electronic power system 20 is to be connected to both stators 10′, 10″. In a second case, the two stators 10′, 10″ are connected in series, whereby the operating voltage is spread across both stators. The electronic power system 20 thereby controls an electrical machine that is connected in series. Fundamentally, it is sufficient to provide one single electronic power system 20 or one single inverter 21, in particular one single B6-bridge circuit. However, it goes without saying that it is also feasible to provide two power modules that are connected in a parallel manner and comprise in each case one inverter in order to achieve a high performance of the drive device 8.

[0028] In contrast to the described design examples, it is also possible to provide only one of the rotors 11, 12 with a slip ring device 18, 19, so that also only the electrical resistance of one of the windings 14, 15 can be changed by means of the device 22. The advantage of the drive device 8 already arises if the electrical resistance even of only one of the rotors 11, 12 or the winding 14, 15 can be adjusted in particular in a continuous manner. It is preferred that the rotors 11, 12 and the one or two stators together with the electronic power system 20 are provided in a common housing so that they form an axle module that can be handled and mounted in a simple manner.