Roller-Type Rocker Arm

Abstract

A roller-type rocker arm had a function for transmitting a rotational motion of a cam to an intake and exhaust valve. The roller-type rocker arm includes a roller shaft, an inner ring roller slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the roller shaft, and an outer ring roller slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the inner ring roller. The inner ring roller is made of a resin material.

Claims

1. A roller-type rocker arm having a function for transmitting a rotational motion of a cam to an intake and exhaust valve, the roller-type rocker arm comprising: a roller shaft; an inner ring roller made of a resin material, the inner ring roller slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the roller shaft; and an outer ring roller slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the inner ring roller.

2. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 1, wherein the resin material comprises a material selected from the consisting of polyetheretherketon, polyphenylenesulfide, polytetrafluoroethene, polyethersulphone, polybensimidazole, polyimide or poliamide.

3. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 2, wherein the resin material further includes a material selected from the group consisting of a carbon fiber, CNT (carbon nano tube), CNC (carbon nano coil), and reinforced fiber with a glass fiber.

4. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 2, wherein the resin material includes reinforced fibers that are arranged approximately in parallel to a sliding direction of the inner ring roller.

5. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 1, wherein the outer circumference surface slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the roller shaft is formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat.

6. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 1, wherein an inner surface of the outer ring roller is formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat.

7. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 4, wherein the reinforced fibers are formed from a material selected from the group consisting of a carbon fiber, CNT (carbon nano tube), CNC (carbon nano coil), and reinforced fiber with a glass fiber.

8. A roller-type rocker arm having a function for transmitting a rotational motion of a cam to an intake and exhaust valve, the roller-type rocker arm comprising: a roller shaft having an outer circumference surface formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat; an inner ring roller made of a resin material, the inner ring roller slidably attached to the outer circumference surface of the roller shaft, wherein the resin material comprises a material selected from the consisting of polyetheretherketon, polyphenylenesulfide, polytetrafluoroethene, polyethersulphone, polybensimidazole, polyimide and poliamide; and an outer ring roller having an inner circumference surface that is slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the inner ring roller, the inner surface of the outer ring roller being formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat.

9. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 8, wherein the resin material further includes a material selected from the group consisting of a carbon fiber, CNT (carbon nano tube), CNC (carbon nano coil), or reinforced fiber with a glass fiber.

10. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 8, wherein the resin material includes reinforced fibers that are arranged approximately in parallel to a sliding direction of the inner ring roller.

11. A roller-type rocker arm having a function for transmitting a rotational motion of a cam to an intake and exhaust valve, the roller-type rocker arm comprising: a roller shaft having an outer circumference surface formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat; an inner ring roller made of a resin material, the inner ring roller slidably attached to the outer circumference surface of the roller shaft, wherein the resin material includes reinforced fibers that are arranged approximately in parallel to a sliding direction of the inner ring roller; and an outer ring roller having an inner circumference surface that is slidably attached to an outer circumference surface of the inner ring roller, the inner surface of the outer ring roller being formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat.

12. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 11, wherein the resin material comprises a material selected from the consisting of polyetheretherketon, polyphenylenesulfide, polytetrafluoroethene, polyethersulphone, polybensimidazole, polyimide and poliamide.

13. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 11, wherein the reinforced fibers comprise a carbon fiber.

14. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 11, wherein the reinforced fibers comprise a carbon nano tube.

15. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 11, wherein the reinforced fibers comprise a carbon nano coil.

16. The roller-type rocker arm according to claim 11, wherein the reinforced fibers comprise a reinforced fiber with a glass fiber.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG. 1(A) shows a schematic perspective view of a conventional roller-type rocker arm (in a sliding type), and FIG. 1(B) shows a schematic perspective view of a conventional roller-type rocker arm (in a rolling type).

[0017] FIG. 2 shows an example diagram of a rocker arm operated by a cam.

[0018] FIG. 2A shows another example diagram with a rocker arm applied to a combustion engine.

[0019] FIG. 3 shows a schematic external perspective view of a roller-type rocker arm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a body of the rocker arm shown in FIG. 3, with a portion of the body eliminated.

[0021] FIG. 5 shows diagrams indicating each component of a rocker arm according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5(A) shows a perspective view of a roller shaft, FIG. 5(B) shows a perspective view of an inner ring roller, and FIG. 5(C) shows a perspective view of an outer ring roller.

[0022] FIG. 6 shows a cross sectional view of a roller-type rocker arm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The following reference numerals are used with the drawings: [0024] 100: rocker arm [0025] 110: body [0026] 120: roller shaft [0027] 122: outer circumference surface [0028] 130: inner ring roller [0029] 132: inner circumference surface [0030] 134: outer circumference surface [0031] 140: outer ring roller [0032] 142: inner circumference surface [0033] 144: outer circumference surface

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Now, embodiments for implementing the present invention will be described in detail. It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, with emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating components for clarity.

[0035] FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a whole rocker arm according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 shows a partially cutaway view with the body of the rocker arm shown in FIG. 3 partially omitted, FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of each component, and FIG. 6 shows a general cross sectional view of a rocker arm. A rocker arm according to an embodiment of the present invention is one component for a rocker arm-type valve mechanism of a 4-stroke internal combustion engine and relates to a sliding rocker arm.

[0036] As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, a rocker arm 100 according to an embodiment includes a body 110, a roller shaft 120 fixed within the body 110, an inner ring roller 130 rotatably attached to the outer circumference of the roller shaft 120, and the outer ring roller 140 rotatably attached to the outer circumference of the inner ring roller 130.

[0037] The body 110 is a metal member for supporting the roller shaft 120, the inner ring roller 130 and the outer ring roller 140. An opening 112A is provided to support a pivot portion 34 (show in FIG. 2) at a first end 112, and a cap 38 of a valve stem of an intake and exhaust valve is abutted to a second end 114. A pair of spaced side walls 116A, 116B are provided between the first end 112 and the second end 114 of the body 110. A circular-shaped through holes 118 is provided on the pair of side walls 116A, 116B respectively. The roller shaft 120 is installed in the through holes 118 of the pair of side walls 116A, 116B.

[0038] The roller shaft 120 is a metal member having a uniform diameter Di as shown in FIG. 5(A), and inserted into each through hole 118 of the pair of side walls 116A, 116B as the above-described. Preferably, the diameter D1 of the roller shaft 120 is equal to or slightly greater than the diameter of the through holes 118. The roller shaft 120 is fastened within the through holes 118 by crimping, etc.

[0039] The inner ring roller 130 is an annular member installed to cover the outer circumference of the roller shaft 120 between the side walls 116A, 116B. The inner ring roller 130 is made of resin material. As shown in FIG. 5(B), the inner ring roller 130 has an inner circumference surface 132 with an inner diameter D2 and an outer circumference surface 134 with an outer diameter D3. The inner diameter D2 is provided with a certain clearance such that the inner diameter D2 is slightly greater than the diameter of the roller shaft 120, i.e., D2>D1. Thus, the inner circumference surface 132 of the inner ring roller 130 may be slid on the outer circumference surface 122 of the roller shaft 120.

[0040] The outer ring roller 140 is an annular metal member installed to cover the outer circumference of the inner ring roller 130 between the side walls 116A, 116B. As shown in FIG. 5(C), the outer ring roller 140 has an inner circumference surface 142 with an inner diameter D4 and an outer circumference surface 144. The inner diameter D4 of the outer ring roller 140 is provided with a certain clearance such that the inner diameter D4 is slightly greater than the outer diameter D3 of the inner ring roller 130, i.e., D4>D3. Thus, the inner circumference surface 142 of the outer ring roller 140 may be slid around the outer circumference surface 134 of the inner ring roller 130.

[0041] The feature of the rocker arm according to the present embodiment is that, as mentioned above, the inner ring roller 130 is made of resin material. Preferably, the resin material has excellent sliding characteristics for the metal material, wear resistance, and affinity for lubricating oil, such as PEEK (polyetheretherketon), PPS (polyphenylenesulfide), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethene), PES (polyethersulphone), PBI (polybensimidazole), PI (polyimide) or PAI (poliamide). The inner ring roller may be formed by molding such resin materials.

[0042] More preferably, to enhance the mechanical strength and wear resistance etc. of resin materials, a reinforced member may be mixed therewith. The reinforced member is for example a reinforced fiber such as a carbon fiber, a CNT (carbon nano tube), a CNC (carbon nano coil), and a reinforced fiber such as a glass fiber. Also a lubricating material such as a graphite and a molybdenum disulfide, and a wear resistance fine particle of a metal and a ceramic may be mixed together with the reinforced fiber. Furthermore in case such reinforced fibers are incorporated into the resin material, the reinforced fibers are arranged approximately in parallel to the sliding direction (periphery direction) of the inner ring roller 130, thereby reducing the friction additionally.

[0043] Table 1 shows a comparison of the friction torques as a result of an evaluation experiment of a rocker arm according to the present embodiment and a rocker arm with another configuration. A comparative example 1 is for the rolling-type rocker arm (see FIG. 1(B)), and a comparative example 2 is for the conventional sliding-type rocker arm made of metal material. Numeric value represents comparative data assuming that the friction torque of each cam revolution of comparative example 1 is “1”.

[0044] It is evident from the evaluation experiment that the friction torque of the conventional sliding-type rocker arm (comparative example 2) is lower in the high revolution range and greater in the low revolution range compared to the rolling-type rocker arm (comparative example 1). On the other hand, it can be seen that the friction of the rocker arm according to the present embodiment is lower than the friction of rolling-type rocker arm (comparative example 1) in the low revolution range as well as the friction of the conventional sliding-type rocker arm in the high revolution range. As mentioned, according to the embodiment, the inner ring roller 130 made of resin material may reduce the friction in the low and high revolution ranges compared to the conventional sliding-type rocker arm.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 /cam revolution (rpm) 500 1000 2000 3000 Example 0.75 0.71 0.71 0.77 comparative example 1 1 1 1 1 comparative example 2 1.6 1.07 0.71 0.77

[0045] Now, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, the sliding surfaces of the counterpart members that slide on the inner ring roller 130 made of resin, namely, at least one of the inner circumference surface of the outer ring roller 140 and the outer circumference surface of the roller shaft 120 is formed with an amorphous hard carbon coat (referred to as DLP (Diamond like carbon) coat hereinafter). Such DLC coat may be formed by PVD, CVD and PACVD techniques. A coat formed by PVD, especially by arc ion plating, in which the amount of hydrogen contained is not greater than 0.5 atomic percent, is preferable in view of hardness and wear resistance. DLC coat thickness is for example 0.3-1.5 micro meter in case of PVD, and preferably is not greater than 1.0 micro meter. In case of CVD, DLC coat may have approximately 20 micro meter thickness.

[0046] By forming DLC coat on the sliding surfaces of the roller shaft 120 and the outer ring roller 140 that slides on the inner ring roller 130 made of resin, the friction between the inner ring roller 130 and the roller shaft 120 and/or between the inner ring roller 130 and the outer ring roller 140 may be reduced.

[0047] Although it is shown in the above embodiment that DLC coat is formed on the sliding surfaces of the counterpart members sliding on the inner ring roller 130, besides the above configuration, DLC coat may be formed on the outer circumference surface and inner circumference surface of the inner ring roller 130 if the advantage of reducing friction can be obtained, thus DLC coat may be formed on the inner circumference surface of the outer ring roller 140, the outer circumference surface of the inner ring roller 130, the outer circumference surface of the roller shaft 120 and the inner circumference surface of the inner ring roller 130, respectively.

[0048] While the preferred embodiments according to the present invention were described above, the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments. The present invention may be modified or changed without departing from the scope of the present invention according to the appended claims.