Defoamer composition based on organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes

Abstract

A defoamer composition based on organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes contains one or more laterally polyether-modified polysiloxanes as component A and at least one terminally polyether-modified polysiloxane as component B.

Claims

1. A defoamer composition based on organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes comprising: one or more laterally polyether-modified polysiloxanes as component A, and at least one terminally polyether-modified polysiloxane as component B.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes are linear organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes.

3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component A conforms to general formula (I) ##STR00005## wherein R=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.1=C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, and R.sup.2=hydrogen and/or an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m=10-400, n=1 to 15, and wherein x and y are selected such that a molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 500-10000 g/mol.

4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component B conforms to general formula (II) ##STR00006## wherein R.sup.3=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.4=R.sup.3 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.p2O[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal, R.sup.2=alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and/or hydrogen, f=20-500, g=1 to 15, and wherein x and y are selected such that the molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 200-4000 g/mol.

5. The composition according to claim 3, wherein y>x in the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]—, and wherein x and y are natural numbers.

6. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— in component A has a blockwise construction.

7. The composition according to claim 4, wherein R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— or C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal.

8. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of component A is smaller than a molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of component B.

9. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component A has a molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of 0.15 to 0.35.

10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component A has a viscosity in the range of 2500-60 000 mPas, measured according to DIN 53015.

11. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component B has a molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of 0.4 to 2.

12. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component B has a viscosity in the range of 250-1200 mPas, measured according to DIN 53015.

13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component A has a higher compatibility than component B.

14. The composition according to claim 1, wherein component B has a higher defoamer activity than component A.

15. The composition according to claim 1, obtainable by stirring components A and B.

16. The composition according to claim 1, consisting of: (a) 20% to 80% by weight of component A, (b) 20% to 80% by weight of component B, and (c) 0% to 70% by weight of a component B′; wherein component A conforms to general formula (I) ##STR00007## wherein R=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.1=—C.sub.pH.sub.2lO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, and R.sup.2=hydrogen and/or an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m=10-400, n=1 to 15, and wherein x and y are selected such that a molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 500-10000 g/mol; and wherein component B and component B′ conform to general formula (II) ##STR00008## wherein R.sup.3=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.4=R.sup.3 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal, R.sup.2=alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and/or hydrogen, f=20-500, g=1 to 15, and wherein x and y are selected such that the molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 200-4000 g/mol; wherein in Component B, at least one polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal, wherein in Component B′, at least one polyoxyalkylene block C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal, and wherein the amounts of components A, B and B′ sum to 100% by weight and are based on the composition.

17. The composition according to claim 16, obtainable by stirring component A into a mixture of components B and B′.

18. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition has a viscosity of 250 to 5000 mPas, measured according to DIN 53015.

19. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition has a static surface tension of 20 to 65 mN/m, measured with a Krüss K100 measuring instrument for static surface tension on the basis of DIN EN 14370:2004; and a dynamic surface tension of 20 to 65 mN/m, measured with a Krüss BP 50 bubble pressure tensiometer on the basis of DIN EN 14370:2004.

20. An article comprising the composition according to claim 1, wherein the article is a defoamer additive, a flow control additive, and/or a substrate wetting additive.

21. A method, comprising: producing an article comprising the composition according to claim 1, wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of dispersions, millbases, paints, coatings, printing inks, inkjet, grind resins, pigment concentrates, colour preparations, pigment preparations, filler preparations, and coating compositions.

22. A method of producing the defoamer composition according to claim 1, the method comprising: mixing component A with component B, wherein component A conforms to general formula (I) ##STR00009## wherein R=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.1=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, and R.sup.2=hydrogen and/or an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m=10-400, n=1 to 15, and wherein x and y are selected such that a molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 500-10000 g/mol; and wherein component B conforms to general formula (II) ##STR00010## wherein R.sup.3=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.4=R.sup.3 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.3O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— or C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal, R.sup.2=alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and/or hydrogen, f=20-500, g=1 to 15, and wherein x and y are selected such that the molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 200-4000 g/mol.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0063] FIG. 1A shows a graph of the foam volume of the inventive composition, component A, and component B.

[0064] FIG. 1B shows a graph of the compatibility of the inventive composition, component A, and component B.

[0065] FIG. 2A shows a graph of the foam volume of TEGO Foamex 810, TEGO Wet 285, and two mixtures thereof.

[0066] FIG. 2B shows a graph of the compatibility of TEGO Foamex 810, TEGO Wet 285, and two mixtures thereof.

[0067] FIG. 3A shows a graph of the foam volume of TEGO Foamex 830, TEGO Foamex 844, and two mixtures thereof.

[0068] FIG. 3B shows a graph of the compatibility of TEGO Foamex 830, TEGO Foamex 844, and two mixtures thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0069] In the context of the present invention the terms medium, coating system, coating or paint formulation, coating recipe and coating composition are to be understood as being synonymous. They are systems to be defoamed.

[0070] The terms polyether-modified polysiloxane and polyether polysiloxane are to be understood as being synonymous.

[0071] It has surprisingly been found that combinations of certain topologically distinct polyether-modified polysiloxanes result in synergistically improved properties in terms of defoaming and compatibility in media to be defoamed. These synergy effects were surprising.

[0072] A person skilled in the art is aware that combining for example a first polyether polysiloxane having high compatibility and low defoamer activity with a second polyether polysiloxane having low compatibility and high defoamer activity affords a composition whose compatibility is lower than that of the first polyether polysiloxane and whose defoamer activity is lower than that of the second polyether polysiloxane.

[0073] Investigations have shown that this reduction is based on a rule. Comparative Example 2 with FIGS. 2A and 2B demonstrate this rule. According to this rule the values for compatibility and defoamer activity of the mixture lie between the respective values of the individual polyether polysiloxanes. They lie virtually on a straight line.

[0074] Comparative Example 3 with FIGS. 3A and 3B also demonstrate this linear relationship (dashed line). A polyether was employed as the compatible component here.

[0075] The inventive defoamer composition comprising the specifically selected topological polyether-modified polysiloxanes exhibits in FIGS. 1A and 1B synergy effects that do not conform to this rule. The values lie outside the dashed line that a person skilled in the art would have expected. Furthermore, the defoamer composition according to the invention exhibits a better defoamer activity than the individual components.

[0076] The term “defoaming” is often used to describe the removal of gas bubbles from the coating. However, in certain cases a distinction should be made between “defoaming” and “deaerating”. The gas bubbles must first reach the surface. The removal of the foam bubbles which then takes place at the surface is referred to as defoaming. Defoamers are only active at the surface where they remove air bubbles present there. By contrast, deaerators must be active in the entire coating film. Foam on the surface. Defoamers destabilize the foam bubbles. Air inclusions in the coating film. Deaerators accelerate migration of the bubbles to the surface.

[0077] The defoamer composition according to the invention is suitable for defoaming and deaerating. Hereinbelow the term “defoamer” is used for both effects although in certain cases the term “deaerator” would actually be more correct.

[0078] It is preferable when the organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes are linear organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes.

[0079] Component A is preferably a compound of general formula (I)

##STR00003##

where
R=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably having 1-4 carbon atoms, particularly preferably having 1 or 2 carbon atoms,
R.sup.1=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, R.sup.2=hydrogen and/or an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
m=10-400, preferably 20-300, particularly preferably 30-200,
n=1 to 15, preferably 2 to 8,
wherein x and y are selected such that the molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 500-10 000 g/mol, preferably 1000-8000 g/mol and particularly preferably 2000 g/mol-6000 g/mol.

[0080] It is preferably conceivable that R.sup.2 may be hydrogen or an acetate group.

[0081] It is also preferably possible for R.sup.1 to comprise this radical C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2.

[0082] Component B is preferably a compound according to general formula (II)

##STR00004##

where
R.sup.3=identical and/or different alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably having 1-4 carbon atoms, particularly preferably having 1 or 2 carbon atoms,
R.sup.4=R.sup.3 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal,
R.sup.2=alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and/or hydrogen, preferably an alkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
f=20-500, preferably 25-200, particularly preferably 35-100,
g=1 to 15, preferably 2 to 8,
wherein x and y are selected such that the molar weight of the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is in the range of 200-4000 g/mol, preferably 500-3000 g/mol and particularly preferably 750-2000 g/mol.

[0083] Preferably with the proviso that y>x in the polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]—, wherein x and y are natural numbers.

[0084] It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the obtained compounds according to formula (I) and formula (H) are in the form of a mixture whose distribution is substantially determined by statistical rules. The values for x, y, f, g, p and also n and m therefore correspond to average values.

[0085] The values of the indices n and m/f and g are of substantial importance to the properties of the polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxanes. n/f indicates the number of methylalkylsiloxy units and determines the chain length of the siloxane fraction. It is a familiar concept to a person skilled in the art that the compounds are in the form of a mixture having a distribution controlled substantially by statistical rules. The value of n/f therefore represents the average number of methylalkylsiloxy units.

[0086] The polysiloxanes employed according to the invention are generally produced by a metal-catalyzed, preferably platinum-catalyzed, addition reaction of a polysiloxane comprising silane hydrogen(s) with a linear polyoxyalkylene oxide polyether whose linear chain is functionalized at one end with an alkyleneoxy group (such as allyloxy or vinyloxy) and at the other end is for example OH functional or capped with an alkoxy, aralkyloxy or acyloxy group as per the following equation:

XSiH+H.sub.2C=CHCH.sub.2OR.sup.3.fwdarw.XSiCH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2OR.sup.3 (hydrosilylation reaction)

[0087] The polysiloxanes according to the invention are known in principle. Further production processes are disclosed in EP 0 785 240 B1.

[0088] According to the invention the polyoxyalkylene blocks preferably consist of oxyethylene and oxypropylene units, preferably deriving from ethylene oxides and propylene oxides.

[0089] The polyoxyalkylene blocks may conceivably consist of oxyphenylethylene or oxybutylene units.

[0090] The polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— in component A preferably has a blockwise construction.

[0091] The polyoxyalkylene block in component A particularly preferably consists of three blocks, the middle block of pure oxypropylene units and the remaining blocks of oxyethylene and oxypropylene mixtures.

[0092] It is preferable when R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2 and/or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]R.sup.2, wherein p=2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one R.sup.4=—C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— or —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal

[0093] Component B preferably comprises laterally and terminally modified polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxanes.

[0094] The units for component B referred to as x and y may be present in the chain either as a statistical mixture or else blockwise; Statistical distributions may have a blockwise structure with any number of blocks and any sequence or they may be subject to a randomized distribution; they may also have an alternating structure or else form a gradient along the chain; in particular, they can also form any mixed forms in which groups of different distributions may optionally follow one another. Specific embodiments may result in statistical distributions being restricted as a consequence of the embodiment. For all regions unaffected by such restriction, the statistical distribution is unchanged.

[0095] The molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of component A is preferably smaller than the molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of component B.

[0096] The siloxane fraction in the context of the present invention is defined by the formula (I) without R.sup.1/formula (II) without R.sup.4.

[0097] It is particularly preferable when component A has a molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of 0.15 to 0.35.

[0098] It is preferable when component A has a viscosity in the range of 2500-60 000 mPas, preferably of 3000 to 55 000 mPas and particularly preferably of 4000 to 50 000 mPas measured according to DIN 53015.

[0099] It is particularly preferable when component B has a molar ratio of siloxane fraction to polyoxyalkylene fraction of 0.4 to 2.

[0100] It is preferable when component B has a viscosity in the range of 250-1200 mPas, preferably of 300 to 1000 mPas and particularly preferably of 350 to 900 mPas measured according to DIN 53015.

[0101] It is preferable when component A has a higher compatibility measured by a method as described hereinbelow than component B.

[0102] It is preferable when component B has a higher defoamer activity measured by a method as described hereinbelow than component A.

[0103] The composition according to the invention is preferably obtained by stirring in components A and B, preferably using a low-shear stirrer.

[0104] It is possible to add further additives to the composition according to the invention, for instance polyethers, oils of natural and synthetic origin, organic polymers, organomodified silicone polymers and solids. An example of such a suitable finely divided solid is high-dispersity pyrogenic or wet-chemistry derived silica which is commercially available as Aerosil or Sipernat and may be hydrophobized by treatment with organosilicon compounds. Further suitable solids are metal soaps such as magnesium, aluminium and calcium soaps and also polyethylene and amide waxes or ureas.

[0105] The composition preferably consists of [0106] (a) 20% to 80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, particularly preferably 40-60% by weight, of organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes of formula (I) as component A, [0107] (b) 20% to 80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, particularly preferably 40-60% by weight, of organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes of formula (II) with the proviso that at least one polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal as component B and [0108] (c) 0% to 70% by weight, preferably 0-60% by weight, particularly preferably 0-50% by weight, of organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes of formula (II) with the proviso that at least one polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO(C.sub.3H.sub.8O).sub.y]— is terminal as component B′, [0109] wherein the reported amounts of components A, B and B′ sum to 100% by weight and are based on the composition.

[0110] The composition according to the invention is preferably obtainable by stirring component A into a mixture of components B and B′, preferably using a low-shear stirrer.

[0111] It is likewise conceivable that further solids, for example silica, waxes and solids may be added to further increase the defoaming activity. Such additives are known to those skilled in the art.

[0112] The composition preferably consists of [0113] (a) 20% to 80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, particularly preferably 40-60% by weight, of organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes of formula (I) as component A, [0114] (b) 20% to 80% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, particularly preferably 40-60% by weight, of organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes of formula (II) with the proviso that at least one polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2pO[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal as component B and [0115] (c) 0% to 70% by weight, preferably 0-60% by weight, particularly preferably 0-50% by weight, of organofunctionally modified polysiloxanes of formula (II) with the proviso that at least one polyoxyalkylene block —C.sub.pH.sub.2p0 (C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— is terminal as component B′, [0116] (d) >0% to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1-4.5% by weight, particularly preferably 0:5-3.5% by weight, of a solid selected from silica, urea or waxes, [0117] wherein the reported amounts of components A. B, B′ and solids sum to 100% by weight and are based on the composition.

[0118] The addition of emulsifiers for producing a defoamer emulsion starting from the composition according to the invention is also possible. Commercially available emulsifiers may be employed here, preferably nonionic emulsifiers selected from fatty alcohol ethoxylates.

[0119] It is preferable when the composition has a viscosity of 250 to 5000 mPas, preferably 300 to 50 000, particularly preferably of 350 to 40 000, measured according to DIN 53015:

[0120] It is preferable when the composition has a static surface tension of 20 to 65 mN/m, preferably 25 to 60 nN/m, particularly preferably 30 to 50 mN/m, measured with a Krüss K100 measuring instrument for static surface tension on the basis of DIN EN 14370:2004, and a dynamic surface tension of 20 to 65 mN/m, preferably 25 to 60 nN/m, particularly preferably 30 to 50 mN/m, measured with a Krüss BP 50 bubble pressure tensiometer on the basis of DIN EN 14370:2004.

[0121] The composition according to the invention preferably has at least a bimodal distribution of the polyethers in a GPC spectrum.

[0122] It is preferable when the composition according to the invention has a weight ratio of component A to component B of 9:1 to 1:9, preferably of 4:1 to 1:4 and particularly preferably of 2:1 to 1:2.

[0123] An additional aspect of the invention is the use of the composition as a defoamer additive, as a flow control additive and/or as a substrate wetting additive.

[0124] A further aspect of the invention is the use of the composition for producing dispersions, millbases, paints, coatings or printing inks, inkjet, grind resins, pigment concentrates, colour preparations, pigment preparations, filler preparations or coating compositions.

[0125] The coating compositions may be solvent-based, solvent-free or water-based coatings or printing ink.

[0126] The invention further provides for the use of the compounds according to formula (I) and formula (II) for producing a defoamer composition.

[0127] Having regard to the specific choice conditions for the polyether-modified polysiloxanes reference is made to the foregoing.

[0128] The examples which follow are provided merely to elucidate this invention to those skilled in the art and do not constitute any limitation of the described subject matter or of the described process whatsoever.

Test Methods:

[0129] Parameters or measurements are preferably determined using the methods described hereinbelow. These methods were in particular used in the examples of the present intellectual property right.

[0130] Viscosity (mPas)

[0131] Viscosity is measured according to DIN 53015 with a Höppler falling ball viscometer.

Compatibility

[0132] Compatibility is determined visually using a coating of the formulation to be tested (applied using a spiral film applicator (Erichsen K-Stab number 2)) on a film (Melinex 401 OW from Pütz Folien).

[0133] The evaluation is carried out according to the following scale (based on an area of 10×10 cm):

1=surface completely covered with defects
2=surface nearly completely covered with defects
3=surface with very many defects
4=surface with numerous defects
5=surface with isolated defects (up to 50)=
6=surface with isolated defects (up to 30)
7=surface with few isolated defects (up to 20)=
8=surface with few isolated defects (up to 10)
9=surface with very few isolated defects (1 to 5)=
10=surface free from defects

Defoamer Activity

[0134] Defoamer activity is determined by means of a stirring test, 50 g of the formulation and the test amount of the defoamer (for example 0.2 g) are weighed into a plastic beaker for this purpose. The defoamer is incorporated for one minute at 1000 rpm using a stirrer (Dispermat type 60/2-457 from VMA Getzmann GmbH) having a toothed dissolver disc (diameter 3 cm, VMA Getzmann GmbH). The formulation is subsequently foamed for 2 minutes at 3000 rpm. 45 g of the formulation are then weighed into a 100 mlr graduated glass measuring cylinder and the volume read off. A higher volume denotes a poorer defoamer activity.

Application

[0135] The respective coating compositions are applied to a film (Melinex 401 OW from Pütz Folien) with a spiral film applicator (Erichsen K-Stab number 2). Drying is effected at room temperature.

Further Conditions

[0136] Where in the context of the present invention values are reported in % these are % by weight values unless otherwise stated. In the case of compositions the values reported in % are based on the entire composition unless otherwise stated. Where reference is hereinbelow made to averages these are number averages unless otherwise stated. Where reference is hereinbelow made to measured values these measured values were determined at a pressure of 101 325 Pa, a temperature of 23° C. and ambient relative humidity of approx. 40% unless otherwise stated.

Materials and Equipment

[0137] Dispermat type 60/2-457, VMA Getzmann GmbH
Dissolver disc (diameter 3 cm), VMA Getzmann GmbH
Spiral film applicator (K-Stab number 2), Erichsen

Film (Melinex 401 CW), Pütz Folien

[0138] K100 measuring instrument for static surface tension, Krüss
BP 50 measuring instrument for dynamic surface tension, Krüss
Speedmixer DAC 150 FVZ, Hauschild GmbH & Co. KG

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES

[0139] Tego Foamex 810 from Evonik is a polyether polysiloxane, wherein the polyether units and the polysiloxane units are constructed in alternating blocks.

[0140] Tego Foamex 830 from Evonik is a polyether.

[0141] Tego Foamex 844 from Evonik is a polyether polysiloxane having terminal and lateral polyether modifications, wherein the polyether units are derived from ethylene oxides or propylene oxides. The polyether modification thus consists of at least two polyoxyalkylene blocks each consisting only of oxyethylene or oxypropylene units.

[0142] Tego Wet 285 from Evonik is a laterally modified polyether polysiloxane, wherein the polyoxyalkylene block is —C.sub.pH.sub.p2O.sub.2[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.x(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.y]— where p=10.

Exemplary Embodiments

1. Production of the Inventive Defoamer Composition

1.1 Production of Component A

[0143] 300 g of a siloxane of general formula Me.sub.3SiO(SiMeHO).sub.6.5(SiMe.sub.2O).sub.90SiMe.sub.3 and 1745 g of an allyl polyether of general formula CH.sub.2=CHCH.sub.2O[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.13(C.sub.3H.sub.6O).sub.72]—H were initially charged into a 4 L three-necked flask fitted with a reflux cooler and KPG stirrer. The mixture was stirred and heated to 90° C. A cloudy emulsion was obtained. Subsequently, 0.7 g of a solution of Karstedt's catalyst in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane was added to the mixture (w (Pt)=1.5%). An exothermic reaction set in and after about 40 min the reaction mixture cleared up markedly. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 90° C. for 4 hours. A cloudy, liquid product was obtained.

1.2 Production of Component B

[0144] 200 g of a siloxane of general formula HSiMe.sub.2O(SiMeHO).sub.2.7(SiMe.sub.2O).sub.39.3SiMe.sub.2H and 468 g of an allyl polyether of general formula CH.sub.2=CHCH.sub.2O[(C.sub.2H.sub.4O).sub.2(C.sub.3H.sub.3O).sub.18]—Me were initially charged into a 1 L three-necked flask fitted with a reflux cooler and KPG stirrer. The mixture was stirred and heated to 90° C. A cloudy emulsion is obtained. Subsequently, 0.25 g of a solution of Karstedt's catalyst in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane was added to the mixture (w (Pt)=1.5%). An exothermic reaction set in and after about 30 min the reaction mixture cleared up markedly. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 90° C. for 4 hours. A clear, liquid product was obtained.

1.3 Production Process

[0145] 25 g of each of component A and component B are weighed into a 100 ml plastic container. The plastic beaker is sealed with a screw top and mixed in a Speedmixer at a speed of 2000 to 4000 rpm for two to six minutes. The inventive composition is now used for further testing.

2. Testing Compatibility and Defoamer Activity

2.1 Production of a Coating

[0146] To test compatibility and defoamer activity a coating according to Table 1 was initially produced.

[0147] A batch of solid resin solution was initially produced. To this end for a 3 kg batch the converted amount of water reported in Table 1 was initially charged in a 5 L stainless steel container and heated to 70° C. on a hotplate with stirring. The converted amounts of the remaining constituents reported in Table 1 are subsequently added portionwise. Stirring is continued until the solid resin has completely dissolved. The pH is adjusted to a value between 8 and 9 using amine.

[0148] To produce the coating with a 1 kg batch initially 400 g of the solid resin solution, 400 g of polymer dispersion and 130 g of water are mixed in a 2 litre stainless steel container with stirring. The wax dispersion, the film forming auxiliary and the retarder are then successively added with stirring. Finally, the rheology additive is added with stirring and the mixture is stirred for 20 minutes at medium shear. The coating is used for further testing.

2.2 Compatibility Testing

[0149] 50 g of the coating and 0.3 g of the corresponding defoamer (inventive example from 1 and comparative examples) are weighed into a plastic beaker and incorporated at 1000 rpm for one minute using a stirrer (Dispermat type 60/2-457 from VMA

[0150] Getzmann GmbH) having a toothed dissolver disc (diameter 3 cm, VMA Getzmann GmbH). This batch is subsequently foamed for 2 minutes at 3000 rpm. After standing for 24 h 2 mL of the batch were applied to a film as described above and visually evaluated.

[0151] The results are reported in Tables 2-3.

2.3 Defoamer Activity

[0152] As described above 50 g of the coating and 0.3 g of the corresponding defoamer (inventive example from 1 and comparative examples) are employed.

[0153] The results are reported in Tables 2-4.

TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 % by Product Manufacturer weight Solid resin solution Joncryl 678 BASF Solid resin  32 Ammonia (25%) Amine  8.9 Water Solvent  59.1 Total 100% Coating Solid resin solution  40 Joncryl 90 BASF Polymer  40 dispersion Ultratube D816 Keim Additec Wax dispersion  2 Dowanol DPnB Dow Film former  2 auxiliary PEG 400 Retardant  1 TEGO ViscoPlus 3030 Evonik Rheology  2 additive Water Solvent  13 Total 100

2.1 Results of the Inventive Composition

[0154]

TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Foam volume Compatibility [mL/45 g] Inventive composition of component 47 7 A and component B Component A 69 10 Component B 50 1

[0155] The results were in each case converted into a graphic.

[0156] FIG. 1A describes the foam volumes for the inventive composition marked with a circle, for component A marked with a triangle and for component B marked with a square. The dashed line represents the probable foam volume to be expected according to the rule. The less foam volume is measurable the better the defoamer activity of the composition.

[0157] It was found that the inventive composition exhibits a much better defoamer activity than that of the two individual components. It lies outside the rule.

[0158] FIG. 1B describes the compatibility of the inventive composition, marked with a circle and of component B marked with a triangle. Component A is marked with a square. Here too, the value for the inventive composition lies outside the rule (dashed line).

2.2 Comparative Example 2

[0159]

TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Foam Compati- volume bility [mL/45 g] TEGO Wet 285 93 8 Tego Foamex 810 45 4 TEGO Foamex 810:TEGO Wet 285, 1:2 61 5 TEGO Foamex 810:TEGO Wet 285, 2:1 81 6

[0160] The results were in each case converted into a graphic.

[0161] FIG. 2A describes the foam volumes for the mixture of TEGO Foamex 810 and TEGO Wet 285 in two different ratios marked with a cross, for Tego Wet 285 marked with an X in a black square and for TEGO Foamex 810 marked with a cross in a black square. The dashed line indicated the rule.

[0162] It was found that the mixture of conventional defoamers showed a foam volume between the two values of the individual components. They lie virtually on a straight line.

[0163] FIG. 2B describes the compatibility for the mixture of TEGO Foamex 810 and TEGO Wet 285 in two different ratios marked with a cross, for Tego Foamex 810 marked with an X in a black square and for TEGO Wet 285 marked with a cross in a black square. The dashed line indicated the rule. Here too, the mixture conformed to the rule (dashed line).

2.3 Comparative Example 3

[0164]

TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Foam volume Compatibility [mL/45 g] TEGO Foamex 830 64 6 TEGO Foamex 844 45 3 TEGO Foamex 830:844 1:2 50 4 TEGO Foamex 830:844 2:1 56 5

[0165] The results were in each case converted into a graphic.

[0166] FIG. 3A describes the foam volumes for the mixture of TEGO Foamex 830 and TEGO Foamex 844 in two different ratios marked with black diamonds, for Tego Foamex 844 marked with a white square and for TEGO Foamex 830 marked with a white circle. The dashed line indicated the rule.

[0167] It was found that the mixture of conventional defoamers showed a foam volume between the two values of the individual components. They lie virtually on a straight line.

[0168] FIG. 3B describes the compatibility for the mixture of TEGO Foamex 830 and TEGO Foamex 844 in two different ratios marked with black diamonds, for Tego Foamex 830 marked with a white circle and for TEGO Foamex 844 marked with a white square. The dashed line indicated the rule. Here too, the mixture conformed to the rule (dashed line).