Compressor with valve pressing portions for sealing

Abstract

In order to prevent the leakage of a gas from an internal space communicating with a compression chamber inside a cylinder in a cylinder head of a compressor, the compressor includes a suction valve pressing portion that presses a suction valve so that the suction valve provided in the internal space of the cylinder head does not slip off through a suction-side head opening, the suction valve pressing portion includes a suction valve pressing and inserting portion that is inserted into the cylinder head through the suction-side head opening, the outer peripheral surface of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion is provided with an annular suction valve pressing groove portion, a suction-side O-ring is attached into the suction valve pressing groove portion, and a suction-side backup ring that suppresses the movement of the suction-side O-ring toward the suction-side head opening is disposed at a position near the suction-side head opening of the suction-side O-ring inside the suction valve pressing groove portion.

Claims

1. A compressor comprising: a cylinder that has a gas compression chamber formed inside a front end thereof; a piston that is provided in the cylinder and compresses a gas introduced into the compression chamber; a cylinder head that is attached to the front end of the cylinder, and is formed with an internal space communicating with the compression chamber and having an end opening; a check valve that is provided in the internal space of the cylinder head; a valve pressing portion that pressingly keeps the check valve from moving out of the end opening of the cylinder head; and a head sealing portion that prevents the leakage of the gas from the internal space of the cylinder head, wherein the valve pressing portion includes a valve pressing insertion portion that lies in the internal space of the cylinder head, the valve pressing portion having: an insertion body, and an adapter separably coupled to a front end of the insertion body to define an annular groove portion in an outer peripheral surface of the valve pressing insertion portion, the adapter coming into contact with the check valve in an axial direction of the internal space, and wherein the head sealing portion includes an O-ring that is attached into the annular groove portion and seals a gap between the valve pressing insertion portion and an inner surface of the cylinder head, and a backup ring that is disposed between the O-ring and the insertion body inside the annular groove portion, to thereby suppress movement of the O-ring toward the end opening.

2. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the annular groove portion has a contact surface coming into contact with an end surface of the backup ring, the contact surface being tapered so that the diameter of the insertion body increases as advancing toward the end opening of the cylinder head, whereby the diameter of the backup ring increases in response to an increased pressure of the gas in the internal space of the cylinder head.

3. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the front end of the cylinder has a cylinder opening, the cylinder head includes a head inserting portion inserted into the cylinder through the cylinder opening, and an annular head groove portion formed in an outer peripheral surface of the head inserting portion, further comprising a cylinder sealing portion for preventing the leakage of the gas from the compression chamber, wherein the cylinder sealing portion includes a head O-ring that is attached into the head groove portion and seals a gap between the head inserting portion and an inner surface of the cylinder, and a head backup ring that is disposed between the head O-ring and the head inserting portion inside the head groove portion to thereby suppress the movement of the head O-ring toward the cylinder opening.

4. The compressor according to claim 3, wherein the head groove portion has a contact surface coming into contact with an end surface of the head backup ring, the contact surface being tapered so that the diameter of the head inserting portion increases as advancing toward the cylinder opening, whereby the diameter of the head backup ring increases in response to an increased pressure of the gas in the internal space of the cylinder head.

5. The compressor according to claim 3, wherein the head inserting portion includes a head inserting body and a head adapter separably coupled to the head inserting body to define an annular head groove portion in an outer peripheral surface of a front end thereof, and wherein the head adapter includes a head adapter outer peripheral portion that defines the annular head groove portion, and the head adapter is coupled to the front end of the head inserting body.

6. The compressor according to claim 5, wherein the outer diameter of the head adapter and the inner diameter of the head adapter insertion portion of the cylinder are larger than the inner diameter of the compression chamber.

7. The compressor according to claim 5, wherein one of the head inserting body and the head adapter includes a head coupling concave portion, and the other includes a head coupling convex portion pressingly coupled into the head coupling concave portion.

8. The compressor according to claim 7, wherein the head adapter includes a head adapter penetration hole that penetrates the head adapter in the press-insertion direction of the head coupling convex portion with respect to the head coupling concave portion, and wherein at least a part of the head adapter penetration hole is provided with a female screw portion.

9. The compressor according to claim 8, wherein the head adapter penetration hole defines a part of a gas circulation path connected to the compression chamber.

10. The compressor according to claim 1, wherein one of the insertion body and the adapter includes a coupling concave portion, and the other includes a coupling convex portion pressingly coupled in the coupling concave portion.

11. The compressor according to claim 10, wherein the adapter includes a penetration hole that penetrates the adapter in the press-insertion direction of the coupling convex portion with respect to the coupling concave portion, and wherein at least a part of the penetration hole is provided with a female screw portion.

12. The compressor according to claim 11, wherein the penetration hole defines a part of a gas circulation path connected to the compression chamber.

Description

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

(1) FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

(2) FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view illustrating a front end of a cylinder of the compressor illustrated in FIG. 1 and a portion near a cylinder head.

(3) FIG. 3 is a further enlarged view illustrating the vicinity of a head inserting portion of the cylinder head of FIG. 2.

(4) FIG. 4 is a further enlarged view illustrating the vicinity of a suction valve pressing and inserting portion of FIG. 2.

(5) FIG. 5 is a further enlarged view illustrating the vicinity of a discharge valve pressing and inserting portion of FIG. 2.

(6) FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of a head backup ring according to the embodiment of the present invention.

(7) FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view illustrating a state where the head backup ring blocks a gap between an outer peripheral surface of a head inserting portion and an inner surface of a cylinder fitting object portion.

(8) FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 illustrating the vicinity of a head backup ring according to a modified example of the embodiment of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

(9) Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described by referring to the drawings.

(10) A compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention is a reciprocation type compressor that compresses a hydrogen gas by moving a piston 2 to be described later in a reciprocating manner and is particularly used to compress a hydrogen gas in a hydrogen station, which charges a hydrogen gas to a fuel-cell vehicle or the like, to an extreme pressure (several tens to several hundreds of MPa).

(11) As illustrated in FIG. 1, the compressor according to this embodiment includes the piston 2, a cylinder 4, an accommodation portion 6, a cross guide 8, a driving device 10, a cylinder head 12, a cylinder sealing portion 13 (see FIG. 2), a suction valve 14, a discharge valve 16, a suction valve pressing portion 18, a suction-side head sealing portion 19 (see FIG. 2), a discharge valve pressing portion 20, and a discharge-side head sealing portion 21 (see FIG. 2).

(12) The piston 2 is a rod-shaped member, and is inserted into the cylinder 4. The piston 2 moves in a reciprocating manner so as to compress a hydrogen gas introduced into a compression chamber 4b (see FIG. 2) inside the cylinder 4.

(13) The cylinder 4 is a substantially cylindrical member. The cylinder 4 is provided with a hole portion 4a that extends in the axial direction of the cylinder 4, and the piston 2 is inserted into the hole portion 4a so as to be movable in a reciprocating manner in the axial direction. The compression chamber 4b (see FIG. 2) into which the hydrogen gas is introduced is provided inside the front end of the cylinder 4, that is, an area on the front end side of the piston 2 in the hole portion 4a. Further, a cylinder fitting object portion 4c is provided in a portion on the front end side of the compression chamber 4b in the cylinder 4. The cylinder fitting object portion 4c communicates with the compression chamber 4b, and has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the compression chamber 4b. For this reason, a step 4d is formed between the inner surface of the cylinder fitting object portion 4c and the inner surface of the compression chamber 4b. Further, the cylinder fitting object portion 4c is opened by a cylinder opening 4e that is formed in the front end surface of the cylinder 4.

(14) The accommodation portion 6 is formed in a hollow shape as illustrated in FIG. 1, accommodates a crank shaft 24 to be described later of the driving device 10, and supports the crank shaft 24 so that the crank shaft 24 is rotatable.

(15) The cross guide 8 is attached to the accommodation portion 6 while extending laterally from one side surface of the accommodation portion 6. The cross guide 8 is used to guide the movement of a cross head 28 to be described later of the driving device 10. The end of the cross guide 8 located at the opposite side to the accommodation portion 6 is connected to the base end (the end opposite to the front end) of the cylinder 4.

(16) The driving device 10 includes a power transmission mechanism (not illustrated) that is disposed outside the accommodation portion 6, the crank shaft 24 that is accommodated inside the accommodation portion 6 and is rotated by the power transmitted from the power transmission mechanism, a connecting rod 26 of which one end is attached to the crank shaft 24, and the cross head 28 that is attached to the other end of the connecting rod 26 and is coupled to the base end of the piston 2. The connecting rod 26 extends from the inside of the accommodation portion 6 toward the cross guide 8, and the cross head 28 is accommodated inside the cross guide 8 while being movable in a reciprocating manner in the horizontal direction. The connecting rod 26 and the cross head 28 convert the rotational movement of the crank shaft 24 into the linear reciprocating movement, and transmit the linear reciprocating movement to the piston 2. Accordingly, the driving device 10 moves the piston 2 in a reciprocating manner in the axial direction.

(17) The cylinder head 12 is separately attached to the front end of the cylinder 4. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the cylinder head 12 includes an internal space 30 that communicates with the compression chamber 4b. The internal space 30 includes a communication path 30a, a suction-side space 30b, and a discharge-side space 30c. The communication path 30a is connected to the compression chamber 4b, and extends from the end of the compression chamber 4b of the front end of the cylinder 4 toward the opposite side to the piston 2. The suction-side space 30b is connected to the end of the communication path 30a opposite to the compression chamber 4b, and extends toward one side (the upper side) in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 4 (the extension direction of the hole portion 4a). The discharge-side space 30c extends toward the other side (the lower side) in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 4. Further, the cylinder head 12 includes a head body 32 that contacts the front end surface of the cylinder 4 and a head inserting portion 34 that protrudes from the end surface of the head body 32 on the cylinder 4 side and is inserted into the cylinder fitting object portion 4c through the cylinder opening 4e.

(18) The head body 32 is fastened to the cylinder 4 by a fastening member (not illustrated) while contacting the front end surface of the cylinder 4. The inside of the head body 32 is provided with the suction-side space 30b, the discharge-side space 30c, and a portion of the communication path 30a from the end opposite to the compression chamber 4b to the intermediate portion. The suction-side space 30b and the discharge-side space 30c are formed so as to be symmetrical to each other. The end surface (the upper surface) of the head body 32 provided with the suction-side space 30b is provided with a suction-side head opening 30e as an opening of the suction-side space 30b, and the end surface (the lower surface) of the head body 32 provided with the discharge-side space 30c is provided with a discharge-side head opening 30f as an opening of the discharge-side space 30c.

(19) In the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the suction-side space 30b, the inner diameter of the range from the suction-side head opening 30e to a predetermined length is larger than the inner diameter of the remaining range, and a step 32a is formed between both ranges. A suction-side fitting object portion 32b is formed by a portion from the suction-side head opening 30e to the step 32a in the suction-side space 30b. Further, in the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the discharge-side space 30c, the inner diameter of the range from the discharge-side head opening 30f to a predetermined length is larger than the inner diameter of the remaining range, and a step 32c is formed between both ranges. A discharge-side fitting object portion 32d is formed by a portion from the discharge-side head opening 30f to the step 32c in the discharge-side space 30c.

(20) The head inserting portion 34 is formed in a substantially columnar shape that has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the compression chamber 4b and is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder fitting object portion 4c. The outer peripheral surface of the head inserting portion 34 is provided with an annular head groove portion 36 (see FIG. 3) that extends in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface. In the inner surface of the head groove portion 36, a side surface portion 36a that is located at the cylinder opening 4e side (at the opposite side to the compression chamber 4b) is formed in a tapered shape that increases in diameter as it goes toward the cylinder opening 4e. The head inserting portion 34 includes a head inserting body 37 and a head adapter 38. Inside the head adapter 38, a portion extending from the intermediate portion of the communication path 30a in the longitudinal direction to the end connected to the compression chamber 4b is formed so as to extend in the axial direction of the head adapter 38.

(21) The head inserting body 37 is a portion that is integrally formed with the head body 32 so as to protrude from the end surface of the cylinder 4 side of the head body 32. The outer peripheral portion of the front end (the end opposite to the head body 32) of the head inserting body 37 is provided with a head groove concave portion 37a as an annular concave portion. Further, the head inserting body 37 includes a head coupling concave portion 37b as a concave portion that is recessed from the front end surface toward the head body 32.

(22) The head adapter 38 is separably coupled to the head inserting body 37 in the axial direction of the head inserting portion 34. The head adapter 38 includes a head adapter body 38a that has an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the portion other than the front end provided with the head groove concave portion 37a of the head inserting body 37, and a head coupling convex portion 38b that protrudes from the head adapter body 38a and is press-inserted into the head coupling concave portion 37b. When the head coupling convex portion 38b is press-inserted into the head coupling concave portion 37b, the head adapter 38 is strongly coupled to the head inserting body 37. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the head adapter body 38a forms a head adapter outer peripheral portion 38c. The head adapter outer peripheral portion 38c forms the head groove portion 36 in a manner such that the head groove concave portion 37a is covered from the front end side of the head inserting body 37 while the head adapter 38 is coupled to the front end of the head inserting body 37.

(23) Further, the head adapter 38 includes a head adapter penetration hole 38d that penetrates the head adapter 38 in the press-insertion direction (the axial direction of the head inserting portion 34) of the head coupling convex portion 38b with respect to the head coupling concave portion 37b. The head adapter penetration hole 38d penetrates the head adapter body 38a and the head coupling convex portion 38b. A female screw portion 38f is formed in the entire portion from one end of the head adapter penetration hole 38d to the other end thereof in the axial direction. The space inside the head adapter penetration hole 38d is connected to the compression chamber 4b, and forms a part of the communication path 30a as the circulation path for the hydrogen gas supplied to the compression chamber 4b.

(24) The cylinder sealing portion 13 is used to suppress the leakage of the hydrogen gas from the compression chamber 4b at the front end of the cylinder 4. The cylinder sealing portion 13 includes a head O-ring 42 and a head backup ring 44.

(25) The head O-ring 42 is formed in an annular shape using elastic rubber, and is fitted to the outside of the head inserting portion 34 while being attached into the head groove portion 36. The outer peripheral portion of the head O-ring 42 contacts the inner surface of the cylinder 4 forming the cylinder fitting object portion 4c. The head O-ring 42 is used to seal a gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the head inserting portion 34 and the inner surface of the cylinder 4 forming the cylinder fitting object portion 4c. By the head O-ring 42, it is possible to suppress the leakage of the hydrogen gas from the compression chamber 4b to the external space through the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the head inserting portion 34 and the inner surface of the cylinder 4.

(26) The head backup ring 44 is formed in an annular shape using metal, and is fitted to the outside of the head inserting portion 34 while being disposed at the position on the cylinder opening 4e side (the opposite side to the compression chamber 4b) with respect to the head O-ring 42 inside the head groove portion 36. The head backup ring 44 is used to suppress the movement of the head O-ring 42 toward the cylinder opening 4e. The head backup ring 44 includes an end surface (an inner surface) 44a that faces the side surface portion 36a inside the head groove portion 36, and an end surface 44a is formed in a tapered shape that increases in diameter as it goes toward the cylinder opening 4e (see FIG. 6).

(27) As illustrated in FIG. 2, the suction valve 14 is accommodated inside the suction-side fitting object portion 32b of the head body 32 and is disposed while contacting the step 32a. The suction valve 14 is a check valve that allows the circulation of the hydrogen gas from a suction port 57 to be described later toward the compression chamber 4b (toward the communication path 30a) and suppresses the circulation of the hydrogen gas from the compression chamber 4b toward the suction port 57. The suction valve 14 suppresses the reverse flow of the compressed hydrogen gas toward the suction port 57 when the compressed hydrogen gas is discharged from the compression chamber 4b.

(28) The discharge valve 16 is accommodated inside the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d of the head body 32 and is disposed while contacting the step 32c. The discharge valve 16 is a check valve that allows the circulation of the hydrogen gas from the compression chamber 4b (the communication path 30a) toward ejection discharge port 73 to be described later and suppresses the circulation of the hydrogen gas from the discharge port 73 toward the compression chamber 4b. The discharge valve 16 suppresses the reverse flow of the gas from the outside toward the compression chamber 4b (toward the communication path 30a) through the discharge port 73 when the hydrogen gas is suctioned to the compression chamber 4b.

(29) The suction valve pressing portion 18 is separably attached to the head body 32. The suction valve pressing portion 18 is used to press and fix the suction valve 14 so that the suction valve 14 does not slip off to the outside from the suction-side fitting object portion 32b inside the head body 32 through the suction-side head opening 30e. The suction valve pressing portion 18 includes a suction valve pressing flange 52 that is disposed at the outside of the end surface of the head body 32 provided with the suction-side head opening 30e, and a suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 that protrudes from the end surface of the suction valve pressing flange 52 near the head body 32 and is inserted into the suction-side fitting object portion 32b through the suction-side head opening 30e.

(30) The suction valve pressing flange 52 is fastened to the head body 32 by a fastening member (not illustrated) while the suction valve 14 is interposed between the front end of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 and the step 32a. Accordingly, the suction valve 14 is fixed to the inside of the suction-side fitting object portion 32b, and the suction valve pressing portion 18 is fixed to the head body 32.

(31) The end surface of the suction valve pressing flange 52 opposite to the head body 32 is provided with a suction-side protrusion portion 55, and the hydrogen gas suction port 57 is formed inside the suction-side protrusion portion 55. The inside of the suction valve pressing flange 52 and the inside of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 are provided with a suction path 58 connected to the suction port 57. The end of the suction path 58 opposite to the suction port 57 is connected to a portion of the suction-side space 30b located on the communication path 30a side in relation to the step 32a through the suction valve 14.

(32) The suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 is formed in a substantially columnar shape that an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the inner surface of the head body 32 forming a portion located near the communication path 30a in relation to the step 32a of the suction-side space 30b and slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner surface forming the suction-side fitting object portion 32b. The outer peripheral surface of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 is provided with an annular suction valve pressing groove portion 56 (see FIG. 4) that extends in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface. In the inner surface of the suction valve pressing groove portion 56, the side surface portion 56a that is located on the suction-side head opening 30e side is formed in a tapered shape that increases in diameter as it goes toward the suction-side head opening 30e. The suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 includes a suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 and a suction valve pressing adapter 61.

(33) The suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 is a portion that is integrally formed with the suction valve pressing flange 52 so as to protrude from the end surface of the head body 32 side of the suction valve pressing flange 52. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the outer peripheral portion of the front end (the end opposite to the suction valve pressing flange 52) of the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 is provided with a concave portion for suction valve pressing groove 60a as an annular concave portion. Further, the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 includes a concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b as a concave portion that is recessed from the front end surface toward the suction valve pressing flange 52.

(34) The suction valve pressing adapter 61 is separably coupled to the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 in the axial direction of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53. The suction valve pressing adapter 61 includes a suction-side adapter body 61a that has an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the portion other than the concave portion for suction valve pressing groove 60a of the suction valve pressing, and inserting body 60 and a convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b that protrudes from the suction-side adapter body 61a and is press-inserted into the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b. When the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b is press-inserted into the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b, the suction valve pressing adapter 61 is strongly coupled to the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60. Further, a suction-side adapter outer peripheral portion 61c is formed by the outer peripheral portion of the suction-side adapter body 61a. The suction-side adapter outer peripheral portion 61c forms the suction valve pressing groove portion 56 in a manner such that the concave portion for suction valve pressing groove 60a is covered from the front end side of the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 while the suction valve pressing adapter 61 is coupled to the front end of the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60.

(35) Further, the suction valve pressing adapter 61 is provided with a suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d that penetrates the suction valve pressing adapter 61 in the press-insertion direction of the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b (the axial direction of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53) with respect to the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b. The suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d penetrates the suction-side adapter body 61a and the suction valve pressing and coupling convex portion 61b. In the suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d, a portion extending from the front end surface of the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b to the intermediate portion of the suction valve pressing adapter 61 in the axial direction is provided with a female screw portion 61f. The space inside the suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d forms a part of the suction path 58.

(36) The suction-side head sealing portion 19 is used to suppress the leakage of the hydrogen gas from the internal space 30 of the cylinder head 12 through the suction-side head opening 30e. The suction-side head sealing portion 19 includes a suction-side O-ring 64 and a suction-side backup ring 66. The suction-side O-ring 64 is an example of the valve pressing O-ring of the present invention, and the suction-side backup ring 66 is an example of the valve pressing backup ring of the present invention.

(37) The suction-side O-ring 64 basically has the same configuration as that of the head O-ring 42, and the suction-side backup ring 66 basically has the same configuration as that of the head backup ring 44.

(38) Specifically, the suction-side O-ring 64 is fitted to the outside of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 while being attached into the suction valve pressing groove portion 56. The outer peripheral portion of the suction-side O-ring 64 contacts the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the suction-side fitting object portion 32b. The suction-side O-ring 64 seals a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 and the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the suction-side fitting object portion 32b so as to suppress the leakage of the hydrogen gas through the gap.

(39) Further, the suction-side backup ring 66 is fitted to the outside of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 while being disposed at the position on the suction-side head opening 30e side (near the suction valve pressing flange 52) with respect to the suction-side O-ring 64 inside the suction valve pressing groove portion 56. The suction-side backup ring 66 is used to suppress the movement of the suction-side O-ring 64 toward the suction-side head opening 30e. The suction-side backup ring 66 includes an end surface (an inner surface) 66a facing the side surface portion 56a inside the suction valve pressing groove portion 56, and the end surface 66a is formed in a tapered shape that increases in diameter as it goes toward the suction-side head opening 30e.

(40) As illustrated in FIG. 2, the discharge valve pressing portion 20 presses the discharge valve 16 so that the discharge valve 16 does not slip off to the outside from the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d inside the cylinder head 12 through the discharge-side head opening 30f. The discharge valve pressing portion 20 has the same configuration as that of the suction valve pressing portion 18, and is disposed so as to be symmetrical with respect to the suction valve pressing portion 18 in the vertical direction.

(41) The discharge valve pressing portion 20 includes a discharge valve pressing flange 68 that is the same as the suction valve pressing flange 52, a discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 that is the same as the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53, and a discharge-side protrusion portion 72 that is the same as the suction-side protrusion portion 55. The discharge-side protrusion portion 72 is provided with the hydrogen gas discharge port 73. The inside of the discharge valve pressing flange 68 and the inside of the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 are provided with a discharge path 74 connected to the discharge port 73. The structure of the discharge port 73 is the same as the structure of the suction port 57, and the structure of the discharge path 74 is the same as the structure of the suction path 58.

(42) The discharge valve pressing flange 68 is fastened to the head body 32 by a fastening member (not illustrated) while the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 is inserted into the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d through the discharge-side head opening 30f and the discharge valve 16 is interposed between the front end of the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 and the step 32c. Accordingly, the discharge valve 16 is fixed to the inside of the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d, and the discharge valve pressing portion 20 is fixed to the head body 32.

(43) Further, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the outer peripheral surface of the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 is provided with a discharge valve pressing groove portion 76 that is the same as the suction valve pressing groove portion 56. The inner surface of the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76 includes a tapered side surface portion 76a that is the same as the side surface portion 56a inside the suction valve pressing groove portion 56.

(44) The discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 includes a discharge valve pressing and inserting body 80 that is the same as the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60, and a discharge valve pressing adapter 81 that is the same as the suction valve pressing adapter 61. Further, the discharge valve pressing and inserting body 80 is provided with a discharge valve pressing groove concave portion 80a that is the same as the concave portion for suction valve pressing groove 60a, and a discharge valve pressing portion coupling concave portion 80b that is the same as the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b.

(45) The discharge valve pressing adapter 81 includes a discharge-side adapter body 81a that is the same as the suction-side adapter body 61a, and a discharge valve pressing portion coupling convex portion 81b that is the same as the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b. When the discharge valve pressing portion coupling convex portion 81b is press-inserted into the discharge valve pressing portion coupling concave portion 80b, the discharge valve pressing adapter 81 is strongly coupled to the discharge valve pressing and inserting body 80. Further, the discharge-side adapter body 81a is provided with a discharge-side adapter outer peripheral portion 81c that is the same as the suction-side adapter outer peripheral portion 61c. Further, the discharge-side pressing adapter 81 is provided with a discharge-side adapter penetration hole 81d that is the same as the suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d. The inner surface of the discharge-side adapter penetration hole 81d is provided with a female screw portion 81f that is the same as the female screw portion 61f of the suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d.

(46) The discharge-side head sealing portion 21 is used to suppress the leakage of the hydrogen gas from the internal space 30 of the cylinder head 12 through the discharge-side head opening 30f. The discharge-side head sealing portion 21 has the same configuration as that of the suction-side head sealing portion 19 except that the discharge-side head sealing portion is disposed so as to be symmetrical to the suction-side head sealing portion 19 in the vertical direction. Specifically, the discharge-side head sealing portion 21 includes a discharge-side O-ring 84 that is the same as the suction-side O-ring 64, and a discharge-side backup ring 86 that is the same as the suction-side backup ring 66. The discharge-side O-ring 84 is an example of the valve pressing O-ring of the present invention, and the discharge-side backup ring 86 is an example of the valve pressing backup ring of the present invention.

(47) The discharge-side O-ring 84 is attached into the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76 in the same manner such that the suction-side O-ring 64 is attached into the suction valve pressing groove portion 56. The discharge-side O-ring 84 seals a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 and the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d so as to suppress the leakage of the hydrogen gas through the gap.

(48) Further, the discharge-side backup ring 86 is disposed at the position on the discharge-side head opening 30f side with respect to the discharge-side O-ring 84 inside the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76 and suppresses the movement of the discharge-side O-ring 84 toward the discharge-side head opening 30f. Further, the discharge-side backup ring 86 includes an end surface (an inner surface) 86a facing the side surface portion 76a inside the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76, and the end surface 86a is formed in a tapered shape as in the end surface 66a of the suction-side backup ring 66.

(49) In the compressor of this embodiment with such a configuration, the crank shaft 24 rotates about its axis when power is transmitted from a power transmission mechanism (not illustrated) to the crank shaft 24 (see FIG. 1). The rotational movement of the crank shaft 24 is converted into the linear reciprocating movement by the connecting rod 26 and the cross head 28, and the linear reciprocating movement is transmitted to the piston 2. Accordingly, the piston 2 moves in a reciprocating manner in the axial direction.

(50) When the piston 2 moves toward the crank shaft 24, the hydrogen gas is suctioned into the head body 32 through the suction port 57 (see FIG. 2) and the suction path 58, passes through the suction valve 14, and is introduced into the compression chamber 4b through the communication path 30a. The hydrogen gas that is introduced into the compression chamber 4b is compressed to an extreme pressure in a manner such that the piston 2 moves toward the front end of the cylinder 4 (toward the cylinder head 12). The compressed hydrogen gas passes from the compression chamber 4b through the communication path 30a and then through the discharge valve 16, and is discharged to the outside through the discharge path 74 and the discharge port 73.

(51) Since the pressure of the compression chamber 4b becomes an extreme pressure when the hydrogen gas is compressed and a large pressure difference occurs between the compression chamber 4b and the external space, a force acting toward the cylinder opening 4e is exerted on the head O-ring 42 (see FIG. 3) and the head backup ring 44. At this time, the tapered end surface 44a of the head backup ring 44 is pressed by the tapered side surface portion 36a inside the head groove portion 36, so that the head backup ring 44 is slightly widened outward in the radial direction along the side surface portion 36a. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the head backup ring 44 blocks a minute gap between a portion located on the cylinder opening 4e side with respect to the head groove portion 36 in the outer peripheral surface of the head inserting portion 34 and the inner surface of the cylinder 4 forming the cylinder fitting object portion 4c. At the same time, the head backup ring 44 suppresses the movement of the head O-ring 42 toward the cylinder opening 4e. As a result, it is possible to suppress the head O-ring 42 from being deformed to enter the gap between the portion located on the cylinder opening 4e side with respect to the head groove portion 36 in the outer peripheral surface of the head inserting portion 34 and the inner surface of the cylinder 4 forming the cylinder fitting object portion 4c. For this reason, in this embodiment, the damage of the head O-ring 42 may be prevented. As a result, the leakage of the hydrogen gas from the compression chamber 4b caused by the damage of the head O-ring 42 may be prevented.

(52) Further, since the pressure of the internal space 30 of the cylinder head 12 connected to the compression chamber 4b also becomes a high pressure when the hydrogen gas is compressed, a force acting toward the suction-side head opening 30e is exerted on the suction-side O-ring 64 (see FIG. 4) and the suction-side backup ring 66, and a force acting toward the discharge-side head opening 30f is exerted on the discharge-side O-ring 84 (see FIG. 5) and the discharge-side backup ring 86. At this time, the tapered end surface 66a (see FIG. 4) of the suction-side backup ring 66 is pressed by the tapered side surface portion 56a of the suction valve pressing groove portion 56 so that the suction-side backup ring 66 is slightly widened outward in the radial direction. At the same time, the tapered end surface 86a (see FIG. 5) of the discharge-side backup ring 86 is pressed by the tapered side surface portion 76a of the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76 so that the discharge-side backup ring 86 is slightly widened outward in the radial direction. As a result, as in the case of the head O-ring 42, it is possible to suppress the suction-side O-ring 64 from being deformed to enter the minute gap between the portion located on the suction-side head opening 30e side with respect to the suction valve pressing groove portion 56 in the outer peripheral surface of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 and the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the suction-side fitting object portion 32b. At the same time, it is possible to suppress the discharge-side O-ring 84 from being deformed to enter the minute gap between the portion located on the discharge-side head opening 30f side with respect to the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76 in the outer peripheral surface of the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 and the inner surface of the head body 32 forming the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d. For this reason, in this embodiment, it is possible to prevent the damage of the suction-side O-ring 64 and the discharge-side O-ring 84. As a result, it is possible to prevent the leakage of the hydrogen gas from the internal space 30 of the cylinder head 12 caused by the damage of the suction-side O-ring 64 and the discharge-side O-ring 84.

(53) Further, in this embodiment, since the step 4d (see FIG. 2) is formed between the inner surface forming the cylinder fitting object portion 4c in the front end of the cylinder 4 and the inner surface forming the compression chamber 4b, the step 4d may suppress a problem in which the head adapter 38 is separated from the head inserting body 37 and enters the compression chamber 4b when the piston 2 is retracted toward the crank shaft 24 (see FIG. 1) so that the pressure of the compression chamber 4b becomes a low pressure.

(54) Further, in this embodiment, when the suction-side O-ring 64 (see FIG. 4) and the suction-side backup ring 66 are attached into the suction valve pressing groove portion 56, the suction-side backup ring 66 and the suction-side O-ring 64 are attached to the concave portion for suction valve pressing groove 60a from the front end side of the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 while the suction valve pressing adapter 61 is separated from the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60. Subsequently, the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b is press-inserted into the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b so that the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 is coupled to the suction valve pressing adapter 61. The inner diameter of the suction-side O-ring 64 and the inner diameter of the suction-side backup ring 66 are smaller than the outer diameter of the suction-side adapter outer peripheral portion 61c. However, according to this embodiment, the suction-side O-ring 64 and the suction-side backup ring 66 may be easily attached into the suction valve pressing groove portion 56 without extending the suction-side O-ring 64 and the suction-side backup ring 66 outward in the radial direction.

(55) Further, in this embodiment, as in the case of the suction-side O-ring 64 and the suction-side backup ring 66, the discharge-side O-ring 84 (see FIG. 5) and the discharge-side backup ring 86 are attached to the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76, and the head O-ring 42 (see FIG. 3) and the head backup ring 44 are attached to the head groove portion 36. For this reason, the discharge-side O-ring 84 and the discharge-side backup ring 86 may be easily attached to the discharge valve pressing groove portion 76, and the head O-ring 42 and the head backup ring 44 may be easily attached to the head groove portion 36.

(56) Further, in this embodiment, since the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 (see FIG. 4) and the suction valve pressing adapter 61 are strongly coupled to each other by press-inserting the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b into the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b, it is possible to prevent the suction valve pressing adapter 61 from being separated from the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 in the state before the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53 is inserted into the suction-side fitting object portion 32b. For the same reason, it is possible to prevent the discharge valve pressing and inserting body 80 from being separated from the discharge valve pressing adapter 81 in the state before the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion 70 (see FIG. 5) is inserted into the discharge-side fitting object portion 32d, and to prevent the head inserting body 37 from being separated from the head adapter 38 in the state before the head inserting portion 34 (see FIG. 3) is inserted into the cylinder fitting object portion 4c.

(57) Further, in this embodiment, when the replacement and the maintenance of the suction-side O-ring 64 (see FIG. 4) and the suction-side backup ring 66 are performed, the suction valve pressing portion 18 (see FIG. 2) is separated from the head body 32, the suction valve pressing adapter 61 is separated from the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 (see FIG. 4), and then the suction-side O-ring 64 and the suction-side backup ring 66 are separated from the concave portion for suction valve pressing groove 60a. Since the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 and the suction valve pressing adapter 61 are strongly coupled to each other by press-inserting the convex portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 61b into the concave portion for suction valve pressing portion coupling 60b, it is difficult to separate the suction valve pressing adapter 61 from the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 just by holding and pulling the suction valve pressing and inserting body. Therefore, in this embodiment, a separation bolt is threaded into the female screw portion 61f of the suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d from the front end side of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion 53, and the bolt is further threaded after the front end of the bolt collides with the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60, thereby separating the suction valve pressing adapter 61 from the valve pressing insertion body 60. For this reason, the maintenance or the replacement of the suction-side O-ring 64 and the suction-side backup ring 66 may be easily performed by easily separating the suction valve pressing adapter 61 from the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 even when the suction valve pressing and inserting body 60 and the suction valve pressing adapter 61 are strongly coupled to each other.

(58) Further, in this embodiment, the replacement and the maintenance of the discharge-side O-ring 84 (see FIG. 5) and the discharge-side backup ring 86 and the replacement and the maintenance of the head O-ring 42 (see FIG. 3) and the head backup ring 44 may be performed as in the case of the suction-side O-ring 64 and the suction-side backup ring 66. For this reason, the maintenance or the replacement of the discharge-side O-ring 84 and the discharge-side backup ring 86 may be performed by easily separating the discharge valve pressing adapter 81 from the discharge valve pressing and inserting body 80 even when the discharge valve pressing and inserting body 80 and the discharge valve pressing adapter 81 are strongly coupled to each other. Further, the maintenance or the replacement of the head O-ring 42 and the head backup ring 44 may be performed by easily separating the head adapter 38 from the head inserting body 37 even when the head inserting body 37 and the head adapter 38 are strongly coupled to each other.

(59) Further, in this embodiment, since the space inside the suction-side adapter penetration hole 61d (see FIG. 4) is used as a part of the hydrogen gas suction path 58, it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of the suction valve pressing adapter 61 and to simplify the manufacturing process of the suction valve pressing adapter 61 compared to the case where the penetration hole 61d is formed in the suction valve pressing adapter 61 so as to be separated from the suction path 58. Similarly, since the space inside the discharge-side adapter penetration hole 81d (see FIG. 5) is used as a part of the hydrogen gas discharge path 74, it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of the discharge valve pressing adapter 61 and to simplify the manufacturing process of the discharge valve pressing adapter 61 compared to the case where the penetration hole 81d is formed in the discharge valve pressing adapter 61 so as to be separated from the discharge path 74. Further, since the space inside the head adapter penetration hole 38d (see FIG. 3) is used as a part of the communication path 30a for supplying the hydrogen gas to the compression chamber 4b, it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of the head adapter 38 and to simplify the manufacturing process of the head adapter 38 compared to the case where the penetration hole 38d is formed in the head adapter 38 so as to be separated from the communication path 30a.

(60) In the compressor of this embodiment, since there is no need to process the O-rings 42, 64, and 84 in accordance with the shape of the peripheral member, the commercial O-rings may be used.

(61) Furthermore, it should be understood that the embodiment disclosed herein is merely an example and does not limit the present invention. The scope of the present invention is expressed by the claims instead of the description of the above-described embodiment, and further includes the meaning equivalent to claims and all modifications within the scope.

(62) For example, in the above-described embodiment, the compressor compressing the hydrogen gas has been exemplified, but the present invention may be also applied to a compressor that compresses a gas other than the hydrogen gas.

(63) Further, the configurations of the head inserting portion and the cylinder sealing portion of the above-described embodiment may be omitted. For example, in a case where the groove portion cylinder head and the front end of the cylinder are integrally formed with each other, the head inserting portion and the cylinder sealing portion are not needed and hence may be omitted.

(64) Further, the tapered side surface portion inside each groove portion and the tapered end surface of each backup ring may be formed in the other shape. For example, as in the modified example illustrated in FIG. 8, the side surface portion 36a of the cylinder opening 4e side inside the head groove portion 36 and the end surface 44a facing the side surface portion 36a in the head backup ring 44 may be formed in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the head inserting portion 34 (the axial direction of the cylinder 4). Similarly, the side surface portion of the suction-side head opening side inside the suction valve pressing groove portion and the end surface of the suction-side backup ring facing the side surface portion may be formed in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the suction valve pressing and inserting portion. Further, the side surface portion of the discharge-side head opening side inside the discharge valve pressing groove portion and the end surface of the discharge-side backup ring facing the side surface portion may be formed in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the discharge valve pressing and inserting portion.

(65) Further, the female screw portion may be formed throughout the suction-side adapter penetration hole and the discharge-side adapter penetration hole in the axial direction. Further, the female screw portion may be partially formed in the head adapter penetration hole in the axial direction.

(66) Further, the method of coupling the suction valve pressing and inserting body to the suction valve pressing adapter, the method of coupling the discharge valve pressing and inserting body to the discharge valve pressing adapter, and the method of coupling the head inserting body to the head adapter are not limited to the above-described press-inserting. For example, a configuration may be employed in which the male screw is formed in one convex portion of each insertion body and each corresponding adapter, the female screw is formed in the other concave portion, and the male screw of the convex portion is threaded into the female screw of the concave portion so that each insertion body is coupled to each corresponding adapter. Further, each insertion body and each corresponding adapter may be disposed inside the corresponding fitting object portion while simply abutting against each other in the axial direction of the insertion portion without being fixed to each other.