A charger for an electronic nicotine delivery systems (“ENDS”) device, which may include aerosol delivery devices provides functionality for authentication, including age verification. Such devices may be restricted based on age or other factors that require some form of authentication, verification, and/or identification to satisfy the restriction. The accessory or charger may provide or connect with a verification system for confirming an age of a user. If the authentication or verification is not satisfied, the charger or accessory will not charge the device, rendering it unusable.

The present disclosure describes a closed-loop fluid resuscitation and/or cardiovascular drug administration system that uses continuous measurements and adaptive control architecture. The adaptive control architecture uses a function approximator to identify unknown dynamics and physiological parameters of a patient to compute appropriate infusion rates and to regulate the endpoint of resuscitation.

A blood pressure data processing apparatus including a peak selection unit, a frequency component suppression unit, a respiratory fluctuation calculation unit, an attenuation amount calculation unit, and a respiratory cycle determination unit. The frequency component suppression unit suppresses components of the selected peak frequency within the first spectrum, and generates a second spectrum. The respiratory fluctuation calculation unit calculates a first respiratory fluctuation in second blood pressure data, and calculates a second respiratory fluctuation in third blood pressure data, which is a time domain representation of the second spectrum. The attenuation amount calculation unit calculates an attenuation amount of the second respiratory fluctuation relative to the first respiratory fluctuation. The respiratory cycle determination unit determines a cycle corresponding to the selected peak frequency as a respiratory cycle of a user if the attenuation amount is greater than a threshold.

A user feedback system for a user of a delivery device within a delivery ecosystem includes an estimation processor adapted to identify at least a first feedback action based upon one or more user factors, the at least first feedback action relating to an amount or nature of an active ingredient delivered by the delivery device, the feedback action being expected to alter a state of the user as indicated at least in part by the one or more user factors; and a feedback processor adapted to select at least a first identified feedback action, and to cause a modification of one or more operations of at least a first device within the delivery ecosystem, according to the or each selected feedback action.

Methods for monitoring patient parameters and blood fluid removal system parameters include identifying those system parameters that result in improved patient parameters or in worsened patient parameters. By comparing the patient's past responses to system parameters or changes in system parameters, a blood fluid removal system may be able to avoid future use of parameters that may harm the patient and may be able to learn which parameters are likely to be most effective in treating the patient in a blood fluid removal session.

The present teachings generally include parabiotic dialysis systems and techniques. For example, the present disclosure includes parabiotic liver dialysis, e.g., for use in settings with limited resources. To this end, a parabiotic liver dialysis system may include a device having a semipermeable membrane with an average pore size that allows for the passage of albumin therethrough. In such a system, a first extracorporeal circuit may connect the device to the vascular system of a first animal (e.g., a liver patient), and a second extracorporeal circuit may connect the device to the vascular system of a second animal (e.g., a human with normal liver function), where the exchange of albumin therebetween is facilitated through the device. The present disclosure also includes various safety measures for parabiotic dialysis systems and techniques, such as biometric verification systems and techniques.

A method and apparatus for measuring a volume of a wound are described, the method comprising the steps of: applying a dressing over a wound, the volume of which is to be measured, the dressing including at least a sealing drape over the wound so as to create a sealed wound cavity; creating a vacuum in said wound cavity by vacuum pump means so as to produce a predetermined vacuum in the wound cavity; measuring a volume of air extracted from said wound cavity in producing said predetermined vacuum; and, calculating a volume of said wound.

A system (1000) feeds substances to a patient (30) with a ventilation of the patient and with an oxygenation of the patient. The system (1000) has at least one ventilation system (1), a sedation by inhalation system (17) with a dispensing system (7), an oxygenation system (2), a breathing gas dispensing path (3), a purge gas dispensing path (4), a breathing gas connection system (5), a connection element (25) located adjacent to the patient, an oxygenation connection system (6) and a switching unit (8). The switching unit (8) is configured to distribute and to split a quantity of an inhalable substance dispensed into a gas mixture by means of the dispensing system (7) between the connection element (25) located adjacent to the patient and the oxygenation system (2). At least one control unit (9, 10, 11, 12) is configured to control the switching unit (8) and/or the system (1000).

An integrated system for injection including an injection device in electronic connection with a communication device is provided. The external communication device may be a handheld electronic device such as a Smartphone or a dedicated reader such as a reader capable of reading information contained on an RFID tag. The injection device includes a needle and a drug delivery portion enclosed within an external housing. Optionally, a plurality of sensors is affixed to the surface of the needle to collect data about the injection and physical characteristics of the patient. The data may be recorded on a data capture module. The electronic chip may be a readable and writable electronic chip such as a non-volatile memory chip. Alternatively, the electronic chip is a passive RFID tag. The injection device may further include a data transmitter for sending information obtained from the data capture module to the external communications device.

The present teachings generally include parabiotic dialysis systems and techniques. For example, the present disclosure includes parabiotic liver dialysis, e.g., for use in settings with limited resources. To this end, a parabiotic liver dialysis system may include a device having a semipermeable membrane with an average pore size that allows for the passage of albumin therethrough. In such a system, a first extracorporeal circuit may connect the device to the vascular system of a first animal (e.g., a liver patient), and a second extracorporeal circuit may connect the device to the vascular system of a second animal (e.g., a human with normal liver function), where the exchange of albumin therebetween is facilitated through the device. The present disclosure also includes various safety measures for parabiotic dialysis systems and techniques, such as biometric verification systems and techniques.