A tank on a firefighting aircraft initially is loaded with water. A polymer gel emulsion vessel is provided on the aircraft, but is not activated and mixed with tank water until such polymer gel preparation is initiated by an operator. When initiated, a pump pulls water from the tank and doses it with gel emulsion. Double elbows and/or the pump impeller fully activates the polymer gel. The activated polymer gel is mixed within the tank by one of a variety of systems including mixing paddles or sparging with gas. In one embodiment, a hollow tower of telescoping form has a float to keep an upper end near a surface in the tank and a sparging gas entry is a controlled distance below the surface, such that gas of limited pressure, such as from a ram air inlet can sparge and mix the water and activated polymer gel emulsion effectively.

A tank on a firefighting aircraft initially is loaded with water. A polymer gel emulsion vessel is provided on the aircraft, but is not activated and mixed with tank water until such polymer gel preparation is initiated by an operator. When initiated, a pump pulls water from the tank and doses it with gel emulsion. Double elbows and/or the pump impeller fully activates the polymer gel. The activated polymer gel is mixed within the tank by one of a variety of systems including mixing paddles or sparging with gas. In one embodiment, a hollow tower of telescoping form has a float to keep an upper end near a surface in the tank and a sparging gas entry is a controlled distance below the surface, such that gas of limited pressure, such as from a ram air inlet can sparge and mix the water and activated polymer gel emulsion effectively.

[Problem] To provide a fire-extinguishing liquid agent in which a fire-extinguishing agent is contained in a desirable balance and is satisfactorily dissolved in a solvent, that is easy to use, and that can be used against normal fires and oil fires, as well as fire-extinguishing equipment loaded with said fire-extinguishing liquid agent. [Solution] A fire-extinguishing liquid agent is sealed in an impact breakable container B that is molded by using a polystyrene resin material in which a general-purpose polystyrene and a styrene-butadiene copolymer are mixed and that has a hand-throwable size, wherein the fire-extinguishing liquid agent is formed: by containing 68-76 parts of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO.sub.3) relative to 100 parts by weight of ammonium chloride (NH.sub.4Cl); by being treated by passing through a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of 3000-10000 G; by being dissolved in hot water (magnetic water) in which the temperature thereof is adjusted to 30-50 C.; and by being adjusted to have a pH in a range of 7.5-10.

[Problem] To provide a fire-extinguishing liquid agent in which a fire-extinguishing agent is contained in a desirable balance and is satisfactorily dissolved in a solvent, that is easy to use, and that can be used against normal fires and oil fires, as well as fire-extinguishing equipment loaded with said fire-extinguishing liquid agent. [Solution] A fire-extinguishing liquid agent is sealed in an impact breakable container B that is molded by using a polystyrene resin material in which a general-purpose polystyrene and a styrene-butadiene copolymer are mixed and that has a hand-throwable size, wherein the fire-extinguishing liquid agent is formed: by containing 68-76 parts of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO.sub.3) relative to 100 parts by weight of ammonium chloride (NH.sub.4Cl); by being treated by passing through a magnetic field having a magnetic flux density of 3000-10000 G; by being dissolved in hot water (magnetic water) in which the temperature thereof is adjusted to 30-50 C.; and by being adjusted to have a pH in a range of 7.5-10.

A method of and apparatus for automatically suppressing a detected fire in a building, vessel or vehicle, using a cloud of microscopic droplets generated from a supply of environmentally-clean water-based free-radical chemical-reaction interrupting liquid, whereby the droplets are vaporized by heat energy from the fire, instantly cooling the fire and displacing oxygen, while the water-based chemical vapor interrupts the free-radical chemical-reactions in the combustion phase of the fire, while minimizing smoke development, water damage, and risk of fire re-ignition.

A foam stabilizing composition includes a) metal salt; b) a siloxane cationic surfactant and c) a cationic surfactant. The siloxane cationic surfactant includes a cationic moiety having the formula Z.sup.1-D.sup.1N(Y).sub.a(R)2-.sub.a, where Z.sup.1 is a siloxane moiety, D.sup.1 is a divalent linking group, R is H or an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, subscript a is 1 or 2, and each Y has formula -D-NR.sup.1.sub.3.sup.+, where D is a divalent linking group and each R.sup.1 is independently an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. A firefighting includes the foam stabilizing composition and water. Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

An aqueous fire extinguishing agent and a preparation method thereof are provided, which are used for making a throw-type fire extinguisher. The aqueous fire extinguishing agent is composed of two compositions of A and B. The composition A is a fortified water added with a flame retardant (e.g., one or more of ammonium chloride, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate), a wetting agent (e.g., alkyl polyglycoside) and a colloid (e.g., polyacrylamide solution). The composition B is a regulator. After the composition A and the composition B are mixed, a discharge rate/speed of fire extinguishing substances is increased, so that an escape passage/route can be opened up quickly.

Disclosed is a method for producing a fire-extinguishing member, including steps of: preparing an adherend that has a surface to be treated; and forming a fire-extinguishing-agent-containing layer on the surface to be treated by a wet coating method to obtain a fire-extinguishing member that includes the adherend and the fire-extinguishing-agent-containing layer provided on the surface to be treated, wherein the fire-extinguishing-agent-containing layer contains a binder resin and a fire-extinguishing agent component that is combusted to generate an aerosol.

The invention relates to a flow rate measurement device (1) for a fire extinguishing apparatus (2) for detecting the flow rate of extinguishing agent or fresh water, comprising a control element (9) arranged on a control rod (11), which control element (9) has a substantially conical section (22), and furthermore comprising a housing (25) surrounding the control element (9), the control element (9) being received in the housing (25) so as to be displaceable in the axial direction (31) of the control rod (11). The control element (9) further comprises a cylindrical subsection (23) which is positioned downstream of the conical section (22) as viewed in the flow direction (15) of the fluid to be measured, in which cylindrical subsection (23) of the control element (9) there is furthermore provided at least one recess (27) which interrupts the shell surfaces (28, 29) of the conical section (22) and the cylindrical subsection (23) of the control element (9).

A supply system for providing at least oxygen depleted air and water in a vehicle includes a catalytic converter, at least one hydrogen supply means, at least one air supply means, at least one outlet for oxygen depleted air, and a control unit coupled with the catalytic converter. The catalytic converter is couplable with the hydrogen supply means and is adapted for producing water under consumption of hydrogen from the at least one hydrogen supply means and oxygen. The catalytic converter is further couplable with the at least one air supply means for additionally producing oxygen depleted air. Further, the control unit is adapted for selectively operating the catalytic converter based on a demand of water and oxygen depleted air.