A method of fighting a fire, the method includes aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an areated firefighting foam; administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid; wherein the firefighting foam composition includes a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, optionally a nonionic surfactant, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; an aliphatic alcohol-based component comprising at least two compounds selected from C.sub.8-C.sub.14-aliphatic alcohols and ethoxylates of C.sub.10-C.sub.14-aliphatic alcohols having an average of no more than about 6 ethylene oxide units; and at least about 30 wt. % water.

An alternative to aqueous film forming foams containing fluorine for firefighting foams for flammable liquid fires is a mist of aqueous ethyleneamine polyphosphate solution or fumed silica doped ethyleneamine polyphosphate solution. The method consists of spraying a mist of such solutions into a flammable liquid fire to suppress the flames and cool the fire. The mist approach also suppresses flames of wood fires. An alternate approach is to add ethyleneamine polyphosphate or fumed silica doped ethyleneamine polyphosphate to a fluorine free foam to form a flame retarded foam that is able to smother a flammable liquid fire.

The present application provides water-enhancing, fire-suppressing hydrogels that are formulated to minimize toxicity and negative environmental impact. The present application provides a composition comprising: (i) at least one thickening agent; (ii) at least one liquid medium; and, optionally, (iii) one or more suspending agents, wherein the composition consists of >75%, by weight, consumer-grade components and wherein the composition is a concentrate that can be mixed with water or an aqueous solution to form a fire-suppressing, water-enhancing hydrogel. Each of the at least one thickening agent, suspending agent and liquid medium can be non-toxic and biodegradable. Also provided are the fire-suppressing, water-enhancing hydrogel and methods of production and use thereof during fire fighting or fire prevention.

An aqueous composition, which can be diluted with an aqueous diluent to provide a foam precursor composition, is provided. The foam precursor composition can be aerated to form a firefighting foam. The present aqueous firefighting compositions include a surfactant mixture containing a siloxane-based surfactant together with one or more of a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant, and a zwitterionic surfactant. The aqueous firefighting compositions also include a polysaccharide thickener and an organic solvent, such as an alkylene glycol, glycerol and/or a glycol ether.

A fire suppression blends of CF3I and 2-BTP with mol ratios from 1:5 and 5:1 are capable of passing peak inerting and sub-inerting tests. The CF3I: 2-BTP fire suppression blends can also include carbon dioxide of up to 80% of the fire suppression blend to provide additional cooling.

A forest fire retardant composition contains water and a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, or combinations thereof. The halide salt may be magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, or both. The magnesium chloride hydrate has a formula MgCl.sub.2(H.sub.2O).sub.x, wherein x is at least one of x=1, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 12. The calcium chloride hydrate has a formula CaCl.sub.2(H.sub.2O).sub.x, wherein x is at least one of 1, 2, 4, or 6. The composition may be in the form of a liquid concentrate or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

The present invention provides a foam fire extinguishing agent that can fulfill predetermined performances without containing any fluorine-based compounds. The foam fire extinguishing agent of die present invention is characterized by containing 0.2 to 3.0% by mass of cationic surfactant, 0.2 to 5.0 by mass of anionic surfactant and water for a total of 100% by mass.

The present invention provides a composition of a fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent that reduces a burden on the environment and is suitable for extinguishment and fire-spread prevention (re-ignition prevention) of large-scale fire(s), such as a forest fire, and a fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent using this composition. The composition of a fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent and the fire extinguishing and fire-spread preventing agent relating to the present invention are characterized by containing salt of phosphorus, potassium salt and a dispersion medium.

The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene that may be useful as heat transfer compositions, aerosol propellants, foaming agents, blowing agents, solvents, cleaning agents, carrier fluids, displacement drying agents, buffing abrasion agents, polymerization media, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethane, gaseous dielectrics, extinguishing agents, and fire suppression agents in liquid or gaseous form. Additionally, the present disclosure relates to compositions comprising 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene, 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, or 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane, which may be useful in processes to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

The present disclosure relates to compositions comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene that may be useful as heat transfer compositions, aerosol propellants, foaming agents, blowing agents, solvents, cleaning agents, carrier fluids, displacement drying agents, buffing abrasion agents, polymerization media, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethane, gaseous dielectrics, extinguishing agents, and fire suppression agents in liquid or gaseous form. Additionally, the present disclosure relates to compositions comprising 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene, 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, or 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane, which may be useful in processes to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.