A target unit for producing Cu67 radioisotope is described herein, and comprises a cage body releasably coupled to a screw-on cap; and a ceramic capsule containing a solid Zn68 target ingot and having one open end and one closed end and defining an interior chamber for the target ingot. The ceramic capsule is releasably contained between the cage body and the screw-on cap with a lid disposed on the open end of the capsule and a washer positioned between the lid and the screw-on cap. The screw-on cap and the washer provide a water-tight seal between the lid and the capsule. The interior of the capsule is in intimate physical contact with the target ingot; and the Zn68 of the target ingot is free of traces of residual oxygen that interfere with contact of the Zn68 to the capsule.

A target unit for producing Cu67 radioisotope is described herein, and comprises a cage body releasably coupled to a screw-on cap; and a ceramic capsule containing a solid Zn68 target ingot and having one open end and one closed end and defining an interior chamber for the target ingot. The ceramic capsule is releasably contained between the cage body and the screw-on cap with a lid disposed on the open end of the capsule and a washer positioned between the lid and the screw-on cap. The screw-on cap and the washer provide a water-tight seal between the lid and the capsule. The interior of the capsule is in intimate physical contact with the target ingot; and the Zn68 of the target ingot is free of traces of residual oxygen that interfere with contact of the Zn68 to the capsule.

A process for the separation of .sup.99mTc from molybdenum targets is described. The method for separation of .sup.99mTc isotope from molybdenum targets includes: i) providing an initial multicomponent mixture of elements, the mixture containing .sup.99mTc; ii) dissolving the multicomponent mixture of elements with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the mixture of elements; iii) heating the mixture of elements at a temperature sufficiently high enough to sublimate a vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc; iv) condensing the vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc to form a reaction product; v) adding a base to the condensed reaction product to dissolve the .sup.99mTc containing reaction product to form sodium pertechnetate (Na.sup.99mTcO.sub.4); and vii) purifying the crude solution of sodium pertechnetate Na.sup.99mTcO.sub.4 using column chromatography to provide the .sup.99mTc isotope as a radiochemical compound.

A process for the separation of .sup.99mTc from molybdenum targets is described. The method for separation of .sup.99mTc isotope from molybdenum targets includes: i) providing an initial multicomponent mixture of elements, the mixture containing .sup.99mTc; ii) dissolving the multicomponent mixture of elements with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the mixture of elements; iii) heating the mixture of elements at a temperature sufficiently high enough to sublimate a vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc; iv) condensing the vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc to form a reaction product; v) adding a base to the condensed reaction product to dissolve the .sup.99mTc containing reaction product to form sodium pertechnetate (Na.sup.99mTcO.sub.4); and vii) purifying the crude solution of sodium pertechnetate Na.sup.99mTcO.sub.4 using column chromatography to provide the .sup.99mTc isotope as a radiochemical compound.

A water treatment system and method. Influent water produced from an oil and gas production or the like is circulated in a multistage unit where the water is treated by degassing the water by saturating the water with air, stripping volatile compounds from the water, evaporating non-aqueous phase liquid petroleum from the water, repeatedly stripping and equilibrating inorganic carbons in the water, subliming semi-solids from the water, and breaking colloids in the water using continuous cavitation. Water from the multistage unit is clarified through floatation and sedimentation and biological material in the water is inactivated using irradiation. Water is then filtered before being provided as treated water for an application specific process such as electro desalination reversal, fracking reuse, or other wastewater recovery.

A process for the separation of .sup.99mTc from molybdenum targets is described. The method for separation of .sup.99mTc isotope from molybdenum targets includes: i) providing an initial multicomponent mixture of elements, the mixture containing .sup.99mTc; ii) dissolving the multicomponent mixture of elements with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the mixture of elements; iii) heating the mixture of elements at a temperature sufficiently high enough to sublimate a vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc; iv) condensing the vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc to form a reaction product; v) adding a base to the condensed reaction product to dissolve the .sup.99mTc containing reaction product to form sodium pertechnetate (Na.sup.99mTcO.sub.4); and vii) purifying the crude solution of sodium pertechnetate Na.sup.99mTc04 using column chromatography to provide the .sup.99mTc isotope as a radiochemical compound.

A process for the separation of .sup.99mTc from molybdenum targets is described. The method for separation of .sup.99mTc isotope from molybdenum targets includes: i) providing an initial multicomponent mixture of elements, the mixture containing .sup.99mTc; ii) dissolving the multicomponent mixture of elements with an oxidizing agent to oxidize the mixture of elements; iii) heating the mixture of elements at a temperature sufficiently high enough to sublimate a vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc; iv) condensing the vaporized compound containing .sup.99mTc to form a reaction product; v) adding a base to the condensed reaction product to dissolve the .sup.99mTc containing reaction product to form sodium pertechnetate (Na.sup.99mTcO.sub.4); and vii) purifying the crude solution of sodium pertechnetate Na.sup.99mTc04 using column chromatography to provide the .sup.99mTc isotope as a radiochemical compound.

The present disclosure provides a gas injection system that can include a housing configured to hold a plurality of precursor cartridges comprising one or more precursor materials, and a nozzle extending from the housing, the nozzle having a tip configured for insertion into a sample chamber of a material processing apparatus. The precursor cartridges are fluidly connected to the nozzle to selectively deliver one or more precursor gasses to the sample chamber.

An industrial air pollution removal system that eliminates unwanted gases from the environment includes a four-step process. The first step is an investigatory process to gather all the properties of the stack as flow rate, gas types, and hottest point of the stack. A second step captures either through water in the vat phase or sublimation of carbon dioxide and mercury into slabs of dry ice. In the byproducts, internal uses can be found to defray costs. A third step is the transportation of vat phase by truck and dry ice in refrigerated truck. A fourth step is the fractionalization center will recycle the captured emissions, such as separation of particulate matter, distillation for the liquid, sublimation of the dry ice and mercury, and using a dry ice processing plant. The goal is the sale of recycled materials as raw materials, conserve natural resources, and to positively affect climate change.

An industrial air pollution removal system that eliminates unwanted gases from the environment includes a four-step process. The first step is an investigatory process to gather all the properties of the stack as flow rate, gas types, and hottest point of the stack. A second step captures either through water in the vat phase or sublimation of carbon dioxide and mercury into slabs of dry ice. In the byproducts, internal uses can be found to defray costs. A third step is the transportation of vat phase by truck and dry ice in refrigerated truck. A fourth step is the fractionalization center will recycle the captured emissions, such as separation of particulate matter, distillation for the liquid, sublimation of the dry ice and mercury, and using a dry ice processing plant. The goal is the sale of recycled materials as raw materials, conserve natural resources, and to positively affect climate change.