An organic material removing device includes: a container for storing a composite material containing an inorganic material and an organic material decomposable by a treatment liquid; a treatment tank including an accommodation portion for accommodating the container, a treatment liquid inflow portion for allowing the treatment liquid to flow in, and a treatment liquid outflow portion for allowing the treatment liquid to flow out; temperature control means for heating or cooling the treatment liquid; and a treatment liquid circulation means for allowing the treatment liquid to flow in from the treatment liquid inflow portion into the treatment tank and allowing the treatment liquid in the treatment tank to flow out from the treatment liquid outflow portion.

A method for preparing microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) including: acid hydrolysis of a pulp mixture in at least one reactor to obtain a hydrolyzed process mixture, and mixing the hydrolyzed process mixture to form the MCC in the at least one reactor during the acid hydrolysis, wherein the mixing is performed with an energy dissipation around 1.0?10.sup.6 W/m.sup.3 to 15.0?10.sup.6 W/m.sup.3 and wherein a period of the mixing is in a range of 5 s to 180 s, and the MCC has an a to d ratio less than 6.0.

The invention provides a continuous process for the preparation of ethylene glycol and 1, 2-propylene glycol from starting material comprising one or more saccharides, said process being carried out in a reactor system comprising a reactor vessel equipped with an external recycle loop and said process comprising the steps of: i) providing the starting material in a solvent, via an inlet, to the external recycle loop and contacting it therein with a retro-aldol catalyst composition to provide an intermediate stream; ii) then contacting said intermediate stream with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst composition in the reactor vessel; iii) withdrawing a product stream comprising glycols from the reactor vessel; iv) providing a portion of said product stream, via an outlet, for separation and purification of the glycols contained therein; and v) recycling the remainder of said product stream via the external recycle loop.

A reactor includes a plurality of reaction side flow passages through which a reaction fluid flows, a catalyst (catalyst structure) disposed inside the reaction side flow passages to accelerate the reaction of the reaction fluid, a plurality of heat medium side flow passages which are alternately stacked with the reaction side flow passages, and through which a heat medium flows, and a suppression flow passage which is disposed adjacent to a surface of the reaction side flow passage, the heat medium side flow passages being not stacked on the surface, and through which flows a suppression fluid suppressing the heat dissipation to the outside from the reaction fluid flowing through the reaction side flow passage, or the heat transfer from the outside to the reaction fluid.

An exhaust after-treatment system and a method for treating an engine exhaust that each utilize a filter for removing biuret from an aqueous urea exhaust treatment fluid. The filter includes a filter element that includes an adsorbent material configured to adsorb the biuret from the aqueous urea exhaust treatment fluid, and includes a biuret conversion catalyst impregnated in the adsorbent material that is configured to convert the biuret into a material useful for exhaust after-treatment or into a material that is innocuous to an exhaust after-treatment system.

An exhaust after-treatment system and a method for treating an engine exhaust that each utilize a filter for removing biuret from an aqueous urea exhaust treatment fluid. The filter includes a filter element that includes an adsorbent material configured to adsorb the biuret from the aqueous urea exhaust treatment fluid, and includes a biuret conversion catalyst impregnated in the adsorbent material that is configured to convert the biuret into a material useful for exhaust after-treatment or into a material that is innocuous to an exhaust after-treatment system.

A reactor configured to release hydrogen from a hydrogen-bearing, liquid compound, having a reactor vessel which comprises at least one body with metallic support structure. A solid, highly porous coating is applied on said at least one body which comprises catalytically acting substances for the release of hydrogen from the liquid, hydrogen-bearing compound, wherein the at least one body with metallic support structure comprises at least one cutout with a volume that remains the same or becomes larger from along a cross-sectional dimension extending from bottom to top, based on the reactor vessel.

A hydrogen generator includes a container having a gas outlet that is configured to contain a soluble chemical fuel that reacts with a catalyst to generate hydrogen. A control cylinder is attached to the container and comprises a piston configured to travel axially within the control cylinder, a pole attached to the piston and extending into the container, a catalyst holder provided within the container and connected to the pole, resilient means biasing the catalyst holder towards a bottom of the container, and a gas inlet port. A gas flow line is in fluid communication with the gas outlet and has a first end in fluid communication with the gas inlet port, a second end configured to feed hydrogen to a hydrogen-consuming device, and a two-way valve provided to allow fluid communication between the first and second ends of the gas flow line to be selectably established or cut off.

An organic material removing device includes: a container for storing a composite material containing an inorganic material and an organic material decomposable by a treatment liquid; a treatment tank including an accommodation portion for accommodating the container, a treatment liquid inflow portion for allowing the treatment liquid to flow in, and a treatment liquid outflow portion for allowing the treatment liquid to flow out; temperature control means for heating or cooling the treatment liquid; and a treatment liquid circulation means for allowing the treatment liquid to flow in from the treatment liquid inflow portion into the treatment tank and allowing the treatment liquid in the treatment tank to flow out from the treatment liquid outflow portion.

A superhydrophilic thick-film pH sensor based on chemical etching, and a preparation method thereof are provided. The superhydrophilic thick-film pH sensor includes: a substrate, and a working electrode and a reference electrode that cover surfaces of the substrate. The working electrode includes a titanium sheet attached to one side of the substrate; a front part of an outer surface of the titanium sheet is covered with a titanium dioxide sensitive layer; an electrically-conductive layer is attached to the other side of the substrate; the reference electrode is located on the electrically-conductive layer, and a surface of the reference electrode is coated with a naphthol layer; and an insulating gel wraps the substrate to expose only the working electrode and the reference electrode. The working electrode is obtained by soaking the titanium sheet in an 80? C. NaOH solution, and is integrated with the reference electrode to produce the thick-film pH sensor.