A family of amine mining collectors that uses alkoxylates allows for the easy adjustment of solubility and molecular weight useful because anionic and cationic mineral collectors require such varying degrees of solubility and molecular weight. The family of the present invention allows for the optimization of both parameters and an increase in collector efficiency.

A family of amine mining collectors that uses alkoxylates allows for the easy adjustment of solubility and molecular weight useful because anionic and cationic mineral collectors require such varying degrees of solubility and molecular weight. The family of the present invention allows for the optimization of both parameters and an increase in collector efficiency.

In one embodiment, a process includes creating a mixture of an aqueous component, nanowires and nanoparticles, and a hydrophobic solvent and allowing migration of the nanowires to the hydrophobic solvent, where the nanoparticles remain in the aqueous component. Moreover, the nanowires and nanoparticles are in the aqueous component before the migration.

A process for separating clean water which has an impurities content of less than 100 ppm from waste materials such as farm manure is disclosed. In a first step, a plate separator splits the waste material stream into a first effluent fraction and a first solids fraction. The first solids fraction then undergoes two stages of pressing to increase the solids contents to about 30 to 40 percent which makes it suitable for granulation or pelletizing. The first effluent fraction is treated in successive stages with various chemical agents resulting in the removal of most of the solids and inorganic impurities from the effluent to achieve drinkable water purity.

A flotation circuit (1) is characterised in that it comprises a sparger (8) having a sparging mix conduit or chamber (45); and a tube (31) comprising a flexible perforated membrane disposed within the sparging mix conduit or chamber (45). The tube (31) is configured to receive an aerated fluid (27) comprising a combination of sparger water (13), reagent (17), and sparger air or gas (21) therein, shear the aerated fluid (27) upon passing of the aerated fluid (27) through the flexible perforated membrane of the tube (31), and disperse sheared aerated fluid (27) into the sparging mix conduit or chamber (45) where it is combined with incoming feed slurry (2) or diluted incoming feed slurry (4) moving within the sparging mix conduit or chamber (45) to form reagentized aerated slurry (29) for feeding a flotation apparatus (30).

A chemical treatment process and separation module are described for removal of soluble organic compounds and suspended or emulsified oils and/or solids from produced waters that accompany operations for oil and gas recovery. The process occurs in its entirety within an interval of several minutes. The solubility of organic compounds is first reduced, in an optional step, by pH reduction, followed by treatment with coagulants and flocculants, the latter in conjunction with microbubble flotation. The organic compounds that are rendered insoluble, along with other oily solids, are captured in the floe created by the coagulant and flocculant treatment, and simultaneously made buoyant by the concurrent addition of microbubbles. The water and floe is passed over an array of sloped strainers that separates and diverts the floe from the effluent water, which contains significantly reduced soluble organic content. The separated stream of oily solids can be dewatered for disposal as waste.

In one embodiment, a process includes creating a mixture of an aqueous component, nanowires and nanoparticles, and a hydrophobic solvent and allowing migration of the nanowires to the hydrophobic solvent, where the nanoparticles remain in the aqueous component. Moreover, the nanowires and nanoparticles are in the aqueous component before the migration.

In a flotation recovery circuit which includes the steps of: a grinding stage wherein a predetermined quantity of ore is ground to a predetermined size while irrigating the ore with water including recovered process water thereby to form a ground ore portion; conveying the ground ore portion mixed with the recovered process water to a flotation recovery stage; applying flotation recovery to the ground ore portion thereby to extract a recovered metal portion from a mix of the recovered process water and the ground ore portion; returning at least a portion of the recovered process water to the grinding stage; a method of increasing recovery of the metal portion from the predetermined quantity of ore; the method comprising applying a magnetic field to the ground ore portion in a magnetic conditioning stage while it is contained in the recovered process water subsequent to the grinding stage.

In a flotation recovery circuit which includes the steps of: a grinding stage wherein a predetermined quantity of ore is ground to a predetermined size while irrigating the ore with water including recovered process water thereby to form a ground ore portion; conveying the ground ore portion mixed with the recovered process water to a flotation recovery stage; applying flotation recovery to the ground ore portion thereby to extract a recovered metal portion from a mix of the recovered process water and the ground ore portion; returning at least a portion of the recovered process water to the grinding stage; a method of increasing recovery of the metal portion from the predetermined quantity of ore; the method comprising applying a magnetic field to the ground ore portion in a magnetic conditioning stage while it is contained in the recovered process water subsequent to the grinding stage.

One method of treating incinerated waste comprises: size separating at least some of the incinerated waste into a first undersize fraction comprising particles smaller than the first separation size and into a first oversize fraction comprising particles larger than the first separation size; size reducing at least some of the first oversize fraction; size separating at least some of the size-reduced first oversize fraction into a second undersize fraction comprising particles smaller than the second separation size and into a second oversize fraction comprising particles larger than the second separation size; combining at least some of the first undersize fraction and at least some of the second undersize fraction into a fine fraction; and extracting metal from at least some of the fine fraction. Another method of treating incinerated waste comprises extracting metal by froth flotation from at least some of the incinerated waste. Systems are also disclosed.