A high speed granule delivery system and method is disclosed for dispensing granules in intermittent patterns onto a moving asphalt coated strip in the manufacture of roofing shingles. The system includes a granule hopper and a rotationally indexable pocket wheel in the bottom of the hopper. A series of pockets are formed in the circumference of the wheel and the pockets are separated by raised lands. A seal on the bottom of the hopper seals against the raised lands as the wheel is indexed. In use, the pockets of the pocket wheel drive through and are filled with granules in the bottom of the hopper. As each pocket is indexed beyond the seal, it is exposed to the moving asphalt coated strip below and its granules fall onto the strip to be embedded in the hot tacky asphalt. The speed at which the wheel is indexed is coordinated with the speed of the asphalt coated strip so that granules and strip are moving at about the same forward speed or at a preselected ratio of speeds when the granules fall onto the strip. Well defined patterns of granules are possible at high production rates.

A device includes a media supply, a first portion, and a second portion. The media supply is to supply a media along a travel path and to which a ground element is to be electrically connected. The first portion along the travel path is to receive droplets of ink particles within a dielectric carrier fluid on the media to form at least a portion of an image on the media. The second portion is downstream along the travel path from the first portion and includes a charge generation portion to emit airborne charges to charge the ink particles to move, via attraction relative to the grounded media, through the received carrier fluid toward the media to become electrostatically fixed on the media.

A method of manufacturing a treated sheet includes preparing a resin layer composite including a resin sheet and a thermoplastic resin layer supported on one surface of the resin sheet, applying a dispersion liquid including a powdery thermoplastic resin raw material onto a surface of the thermoplastic resin layer opposite to the resin sheet, and fusing the thermoplastic resin raw material to the thermoplastic resin layer by irradiating, with light from a flash lamp, a coating of the thermoplastic resin raw material formed in the applying step. The thermoplastic resin raw material has a melting point higher than the glass transition point of a resin that is a primary material of the resin sheet.

Embodiments relate to surface treating a substrate, spraying precursor onto the substrate using supercritical carrier fluid, and post-treating the substrate sprayed with the precursor to form a layer with nanometer thickness of material on the substrate. A spraying assembly for spraying the precursor includes one or more spraying modules and one or more radical injectors at one or more sides of the spraying module. A differential spread mechanism is provided between the spraying module and the radical injectors to inject spread gas that isolates the sprayed precursor and radicals generated by the radical injectors. As relative movement between the substrate and the spraying assembly is made, portions of the substrate is exposed to first radicals, sprayed with precursors either one of the spraying modules or both spraying modules using supercritical carrier fluid, and then exposed to second radicals again.

Embodiments relate to surface treating a substrate, spraying precursor onto the substrate using supercritical carrier fluid, and post-treating the substrate sprayed with the precursor to form a layer with nanometer thickness of material on the substrate. A spraying assembly for spraying the precursor includes one or more spraying modules and one or more radical injectors at one or more sides of the spraying module. A differential spread mechanism is provided between the spraying module and the radical injectors to inject spread gas that isolates the sprayed precursor and radicals generated by the radical injectors. As relative movement between the substrate and the spraying assembly is made, portions of the substrate is exposed to first radicals, sprayed with precursors either one of the spraying modules or both spraying modules using supercritical carrier fluid, and then exposed to second radicals again.

Methods of making an abrasive article. Abrasive particles are loaded to a distribution tool including a plurality of strips defining a plurality of channels. Each channel is open to a lower side of the tool. The loaded particles are distributed from the distribution tool to a major face of a backing web below the lower side. At least a majority of the particles distributed from the tool undergo an orientation sequence in which each particle first enters one of the channels. The particle then passes partially through the channel such that a first portion is beyond the lower side and in contact with the major face, and a second portion within the channel. The sequence then includes the particle remaining in simultaneous contact with one of the strips and the major face for a dwell period.

A high speed granule delivery system and method is disclosed for dispensing granules in intermittent patterns onto a moving asphalt coated strip in the manufacture of roofing shingles. The system includes a granule hopper and a rotationally indexable pocket wheel in the bottom of the hopper. A series of pockets are formed in the circumference of the wheel and the pockets are separated by raised lands. A seal on the bottom of the hopper seals against the raised lands as the wheel is indexed. In use, the pockets of the pocket wheel drive through and are filled with granules in the bottom of the hopper. As each pocket is indexed beyond the seal, it is exposed to the moving asphalt coated strip below and its granules fall onto the strip to be embedded in the hot tacky asphalt. The speed at which the wheel is indexed is coordinated with the speed of the asphalt coated strip so that granules and strip are moving at about the same forward speed or at a preselected ratio of speeds when the granules fall onto the strip. Well defined patterns of granules are possible at high production rates.

A high speed granule delivery system and method is disclosed for dispensing granules in intermittent patterns onto a moving asphalt coated strip in the manufacture of roofing shingles. The system includes a granule hopper and a rotationally indexable pocket wheel in the bottom of the hopper. A series of pockets are formed in the circumference of the wheel and the pockets are separated by raised lands. A seal on the bottom of the hopper seals against the raised lands as the wheel is indexed. In use, the pockets of the pocket wheel drive through and are filled with granules in the bottom of the hopper. As each pocket is indexed beyond the seal, it is exposed to the moving asphalt coated strip below and its granules fall onto the strip to be embedded in the hot tacky asphalt. The speed at which the wheel is indexed is coordinated with the speed of the asphalt coated strip so that granules and strip are moving at about the same forward speed or at a preselected ratio of speeds when the granules fall onto the strip. Well defined patterns of granules are possible at high production rates.

A component (10) for a motor vehicle has a main body (12) produced from a magnesium material. The main body (12) has a visible surface (14) with an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 1 to 40 m. A clear lacquer coating (40) is disposed on the visible surface (14) of the main body (12) and has a layer thickness of at most 60 m. The clear lacquer coating (40) is applied so that the surface structure (15) of the main body (12) that is disposed below the clear lacquer coating (40) is distinguishable in a visible and haptic manner.

Embodiments relate to surface treating a substrate, spraying precursor onto the substrate using supercritical carrier fluid, and post-treating the substrate sprayed with the precursor to form a layer with nanometer thickness of material on the substrate. A spraying assembly for spraying the precursor includes one or more spraying modules and one or more radical injectors at one or more sides of the spraying module. A differential spread mechanism is provided between the spraying module and the radical injectors to inject spread gas that isolates the sprayed precursor and radicals generated by the radical injectors. As relative movement between the substrate and the spraying assembly is made, portions of the substrate is exposed to first radicals, sprayed with precursors either one of the spraying modules or both spraying modules using supercritical carrier fluid, and then exposed to second radicals again.