A wire forming device, comprising: a base seat and four wire forming units. The base seat is provided with a wire output port at its center. The four wire forming units are disposed respectively on four corners of the base seat, and each provided with a movable plate. A plurality of tool seats are located in parallel and disposed at a front end of the upper plate, while an up-down driver is disposed at a rear end of the upper plate. A left-right driver is disposed on back side of the base seat and on back side of each lower plate. As such, through using the up-down driver and the left-right driver, the movable plate can be made to move upward, downward, left, and right in two dimensions, to bring the forming tool of tool seat at front end of the movable plate into action.

Apparatus is provided for metallurgical heat treatment of coil springs, or similarly shaped workpieces and articles of manufacture, by electric resistance heating along the entire length of the workpiece so that the ends of the workpiece can be heat treated to the same degree and quality as the section of the workpiece between its two ends.

Apparatus is provided for metallurgical heat treatment of coil springs, or similarly shaped workpieces and articles of manufacture, by electric resistance heating along the entire length of the workpiece so that the ends of the workpiece can be heat treated to the same degree and quality as the section of the workpiece between its two ends.

A method for producing an upholstery spring, such as for upholstered furniture or mattresses includes several steps. One of the steps includes at least regionally applying a heat-sensitive colour indicator to a spring steel wire before, during or after the bending of the spring steel wire. The spring steel wire is heated to at least the changeover temperature of the colour indicator. The upholstery spring is then finished.

A method of manufacturing a coil spring and a coil spring manufacturing apparatus are provided that enable precise forming of a coil spring even when various kinds of wire rods are used as a wire rod. This is based on the premise that the wire material being fed out is serially pressed against a rotating roller outer circumferential surface to form the wire rod into a coil shape. Under this premise, as the wire rod is fed out, a rotating roller is rotationally driven by a rotary drive force of a servomotor such that a portion pressed against the wire rod on the rotating roller outer circumferential surface moves toward the advancing side of the wire rod.

A method of manufacturing a coil spring and a coil spring manufacturing apparatus are provided that enable precise forming of a coil spring even when various kinds of wire rods are used as a wire rod. This is based on the premise that the wire material being fed out is serially pressed against a rotating roller outer circumferential surface to form the wire rod into a coil shape. Under this premise, as the wire rod is fed out, a rotating roller is rotationally driven by a rotary drive force of a servomotor such that a portion pressed against the wire rod on the rotating roller outer circumferential surface moves toward the advancing side of the wire rod.

The coil spring includes steel wire material containing 0.45 to 0.80 weight % of C, 0.15 to 2.50 weight % of Si, 0.3 to 1.0 weight % of Mn and iron and inevitable impurities as the remainder, and having a circle equivalent diameter of 2.5 mm to 10 mm, in which internal hardness at a freely selected cross section of the wire material is in a range of 570 to 700 Hv, C-condensed layer which exceeds average concentration of C contained in the steel wire material exists at surface layer part, and in an approximate maximum principal stress direction generated when a compressive load is loaded on spring of inner diameter side of the coil spring of the wire material, unloaded compressive residual stress at a depth of 0.2 mm and 0.4 min from surface of the wire material is not less than 200 MPa and not less than 60 MPa, respectively.

The coil spring includes steel wire material containing 0.45 to 0.80 weight % of C, 0.15 to 2.50 weight % of Si, 0.3 to 1.0 weight % of Mn and iron and inevitable impurities as the remainder, and having a circle equivalent diameter of 2.5 mm to 10 mm, in which internal hardness at a freely selected cross section of the wire material is in a range of 570 to 700 Hv, C-condensed layer which exceeds average concentration of C contained in the steel wire material exists at surface layer part, and in an approximate maximum principal stress direction generated when a compressive load is loaded on spring of inner diameter side of the coil spring of the wire material, unloaded compressive residual stress at a depth of 0.2 mm and 0.4 min from surface of the wire material is not less than 200 MPa and not less than 60 MPa, respectively.

An omnidirectional manipulator is provided for use with a spring forming machine and includes a tool module, a first linear guideway, a second linear guideway, and a third linear guideway. The first linear guideway supports, in a manner of being mounted thereon, and drives the tool module to move along a first linear axis. The second linear guideway supports, in a manner of being mounted thereon, and drives the first linear guideway to move along a second linear axis. The third linear guideway supports, in a manner of being mounted thereon, and drives the second linear guideway to move along a third linear axis. The first linear axis, the second linear axis, and the third linear axis are perpendicular to one another.

A wire-forming mechanism for spring making machine includes a base frame with two first sliding rail sets, and two wire-forming assemblies for independently performing a two-dimensional action. Each wire-forming assembly includes a movable base panel slidably mounted on one respective first sliding rail set and providing a second sliding rail set that extends in a perpendicular manner relative to the first sliding rail sets, a tool panel slidably mounted on the second sliding rail set and providing an L-shaped tool mount, one or multiple tools selectively mounted in the L-shaped tool mount, and two driving mechanisms for moving the movable base panel along one respective first sliding rail set and the tool panel along the second sliding rail set respectively.