A monocrystalline silicon wafer fabricated such that a particular crystal plane, e.g., a crystal plane (100), included in crystal planes {100} is exposed on each of face and reverse sides of the monocrystalline silicon wafer is irradiated with a laser beam along a first direction parallel to the particular crystal plane and inclined to a particular crystal orientation, e.g., a crystal orientation [010], included in crystal orientations <100> at an angle of 5° or less, thereby forming a peel-off layer that functions as separation initiating points between a part of the monocrystalline silicon wafer that belongs to the face side thereof and a part of the monocrystalline silicon wafer that belongs to the reverse side thereof.

A method for processing a transparent workpiece includes forming a contour of defect in the transparent workpiece and separating the transparent workpiece along the contour using an infrared laser beam. During separation, the method also includes detecting a position and propagation direction of a crack tip relative to a reference location and propagation direction of an infrared beam spot, determining a detected distance and angular offset between the crack tip and the reference location of the infrared beam spot, comparing the detected distance to a preset distance, comparing the detected angular offset to a preset angular offset, and modifying at least one of a power of the infrared laser beam or a speed of relative translation between the infrared laser beam and the transparent workpiece in response to a difference between the detected distance and the preset distance and between the detected angular offset and the preset angular offset.

An embodiment relates to an ultrasonic additive manufacturing process, comprising joining a foil comprising a bulk metallic glass to a substrate; and forming a cladded composite comprising the foil and the substrate; wherein a thickness of the cladded composite is greater than a critical casting thickness of the bulk metallic glass, wherein the cladded composite comprises a cladding layer of the bulk metallic glass on the substrate and the bulk metallic glass comprises approximately 0% crystallinity, approximately 0% porosity, less than 50 MPa thermal stress, approximately 0% distortion, approximately 0 inch heat affected zone, approximately 0% dilution, and a strength of about 2,000-3,500 MPa.

Types of metal component parts including a casing, a bezel, a buckle, parts for a watch band, etc. are made with the Metal Injection Molding (MIM) process. Each type of metal component part can be derived from an instance of a MIM blank corresponding to that particular type of metal component part formed from its corresponding injection molding tool. The MIM blank formed for the metal component part from the injection molding tool then has a portion of the MIM blank subtracted through a laser subtraction process to form an interim shape and geometry of the instance of the metal component part. The laser subtraction process is applied to the instance of the MIM blank for the metal component part when the instance of the MIM blank has not yet been sintered and hardened to a finished shape and geometry for that metal component part for the watch design.

Methods for direct writing of single crystal super alloys and metals are provided. The method can include: heating a substrate positioned on a base plate to a predetermined temperature using a first heater; using a laser to form a melt pool on a surface of the substrate; introducing a superalloy powder to the melt pool; measuring the temperature of the melt pool; receiving the temperature measured at a controller; and using an auxiliary heat source in communication with the controller to adjust the temperature of the melt pool. The predetermined temperature is below the substrate's melting point. The laser and the base plate are movable relative to each other, with the laser being used for direct metal deposition. An apparatus is also generally provided for direct writing of single crystal super alloys and metals.

Provided is a laser welding method including a welding step of welding a workpiece by irradiating a surface of a workpiece with a laser beam that is swept two-dimensionally while being advanced in an X direction. In the welding step, the laser beam is swept to draw a predetermined pattern on the surface of the workpiece. Additionally, drawing speed and output of the laser beam are controlled to have an equal amount of heat input per unit drawing length in the predetermined pattern over the entire length of the predetermined pattern. The predetermined pattern is a continuous pattern in which two annular patterns are in contact with each other at one point.

An apparatus for producing an optically variable film includes a laser configured to emit a beam, a telescoping lens section having a first lens and a second lens spaced apart by a first distance and an interferometer configured to direct the beam toward a workpiece. The laser may be operated at a predetermined power level and the first and second lenses are sized and spaced relative to one another to direct the beam onto the workpiece at about 200-230 dots per inch. The workpiece may include a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer configured to be ablated by the beam, forming a microstructure in the surface of the layer. The microstructure may be randomized and used to present non-chroma visual effects.

The present invention addresses to a laser blasting pipe for heating a scale removal treatment to be descended by electric cable, and a recirculation system with the objective of heating the scale removal solution, inside the production string during the time the reaction is taking place, in order to guarantee its efficiency. The laser blast pipe is a device similar to a metallic cylinder that can travel through the interior of a production string, being descended by gravity itself, and ascended by the action of the cable, being able to recirculate and heat the fluid. This heating would have the function of compensating the heat loss of the removal solution due to the heat exchange of the riser with the seabed, and maintaining the temperature of the reaction inside the production line in an optimal range of yield, thus aiming at increasing the reaction efficiency and the reduction of the time required for the removal of scale in the production string of the well.

An aircraft skin coating assembly for an aircraft. The coating assembly includes a primer layer deposited on the aircraft skin, an optical stop-etch layer deposited on the primer layer that is reflective at a predetermined wavelength, a coating stack-up deposited on the optical etch-stop layer that provides performance features for the aircraft, and a sealant layer deposited on the stack-up. When a laser coating removal process employing a laser beam is used to remove the coating stack-up for replacement, the stop-etch layer reflects the laser beam to prevent it from penetrating and possibly damaging the aircraft skin.

A method for bonding two elements, the method including receiving first and second elements, the first element being a composite material; applying a laser-based treatment to a surface of the first element to obtain a treated surface; patterning the treated surface to have plural trenches; applying an adhesive to one of the first and second elements; and joining the first element to the second element so that the adhesive is between the first and second elements.