To provide an n-type dopant capable of providing high charge mobility and controlling the Fermi level. To provide an organic semiconductor layer having high charge mobility, no crystal distortion, no dopant diffusion even at high temperatures, and having a controlled Fermi level. To provide an organic semiconductor devices such as an organic semiconductor solar cells with high power conversion efficiency.

An n-type organic semiconductor layer, in which ionic atom encapsulated fullerene neutral substance is doped in a layer made of fullerene. The n-type semiconductor layer is an electron transport layer. N-type dopant including ionic atom encapsulated fullerene neutral substance doped in an organic semiconductor layer.

Provided are an organometallic compound, an organic light-emitting device including the same, and an electronic apparatus including the organic light-emitting device, the organometallic compound having a charge capture ability (CCA) of about 4.0 to about 10.5 and including a transition metal and a ligand(s) in the number of n linked to the transition metal, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 6, and the ligand(s) in the number of n includes at least one ligand linked to the transition metal through carbon, nitrogen, or a combination thereof, and the ligand(s) in the number of n does not include a ligand linked to the transition metal through two oxygens.

The present invention provides a pyrromethene boron complex represented by the general formula (1), a light emitting element material having high luminance efficiency, and a light emitting element:

##STR00001##

wherein X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 each may be the same or different, and are selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl ether group, an aryl thioether group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, halogen and a cyano group. These functional groups may further have a substituent. Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.4 each may be the same or different, and are a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group. The aryl group and the heteroaryl group may be either a monocyclic ring or a fused ring. However, when one or both of Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 is/are monocyclic ring(s), the monocyclic ring has one or more secondary alkyl groups, one or more tertiary alkyl groups, one or more aryl groups, or one or more heteroaryl groups as substituents, or has a methyl group and a primary alkyl group as two or more substituents in total. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each may be the same or different, and are a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl group. R.sup.3 to R.sup.5 each may be the same or different, and are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl ether group, an aryl thioether group, halogen, a cyano group, an aldehyde group, an acyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an amide group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfonic acid ester group, a sulfonamide group, an amino group, a nitro group, a silyl group, and a ring structure with an adjacent group. These functional groups may further have a substituent. R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each may be the same or different, and are selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a hydroxyl group, a thiol group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl ether group, an aryl thioether group, halogen, a cyano group, an aldehyde group, an acyl group, a carboxyl group, an ester group, an amide group, a sulfonyl group,

The present invention relates to an organic compound, an organic light-emitting diode including the organic compound, and a display device including the organic light-emitting diode. More particularly, the present invention relates to an organic compound including a compound presented by Chemical Formula 1 and being capable of improving luminous efficacy, thermal stability, and lifespan properties, an organic light-emitting diode including the organic compound, and a display device including the organic light-emitting diode.

A photoelectric conversion element 10A according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a first electrode 21; a second electrode 23 that is disposed to be opposed to the first electrode 21; and a photoelectric conversion layer 22 that is provided between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 23. The photoelectric conversion layer 22 includes a hole transporting material as a first organic semiconductor material. The hole transporting material absorbs blue light.

The present invention relates to an organic compound, an organic light-emitting diode including the organic compound, and a display device including the organic light-emitting diode. More particularly, the present invention relates to an organic compound including a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and being capable of improving luminous efficacy, thermal stability, and lifespan properties; an organic light-emitting diode including the organic compound; and a display device including the organic light-emitting diode.

In one aspect, π-conjugated asymmetric molecular dyes are described herein comprising a donor (D)-acceptor (A) architecture across a thiazolothiazole electronic bridge. In some embodiments, a π-conjugated asymmetric molecular dye has a difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of at least 1.2 eV. In some embodiments, the HOMO-LUMO offset is 1.2 eV to 5 eV. The π-conjugated asymmetric molecular dye may also display a change in dipole moment between ground and excited states of at least 5 D.

According to one embodiment, an electronic device comprises first and second flexible substrates. The first flexible substrate comprises a first insulating base includes first island portions and first strip portions connecting the first island portions, first electrical elements placed on the first island portions, and first lines placed on the first strip portions. The second flexible substrate comprises a second insulating base includes second island portions and second strip portions connecting the second island portions, second electrical elements placed on the second island portions, and second lines placed on the second strip portions.

The present specification relates to a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a composition for forming an optical film and an optical film comprising the same, and a display device comprising the optical film.

Provided is a compound of Chemical Formula 1:

##STR00001##

wherein: Y.sub.1 to Y.sub.9 are each independently N, C—H, C-D, or C-L′-R, provided that at least one of Y.sub.1 to Y.sub.9 is N; L′ is a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-60 arylene; R is a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl containing any one or more of N, O and S; L is a single bond, a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-60 arylene, or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.2-60 heteroarylene containing any one or more of N, O and S; L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 are each independently a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-60 arylene; and Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.6-60 aryl or C.sub.2-60 heteroaryl containing any one or more of N, O and S;
and an organic light emitting device including the same.