A welding apparatus is suitable for welding polymeric materials, and particularly but not exclusively those that may be thin or brittle. A welding apparatus is provided for welding polymeric materials along a weld zone of the polymeric material. The welding apparatus has a carrier for supplying heat to the weld zone to cause melting of the polymeric material, wherein the heating element is arranged to reciprocate relative to the carrier between a retracted and an extended configuration, such that as the element moves from the retracted to the extended configuration the heating element melts and penetrates the surface of the polymeric material. The carrier also has a trailing contact surface trailing the heating element along the weld zone arranged to constrain molten polymeric material in the weld zone. The heating element is also arranged to reciprocate relative to the trailing contact surface.

A welding apparatus is suitable for welding polymeric materials, and particularly but not exclusively those that may be thin or brittle. A welding apparatus is provided for welding polymeric materials along a weld zone of the polymeric material. The welding apparatus has a carrier for supplying heat to the weld zone to cause melting of the polymeric material, wherein the heating element is arranged to reciprocate relative to the carrier between a retracted and an extended configuration, such that as the element moves from the retracted to the extended configuration the heating element melts and penetrates the surface of the polymeric material. The carrier also has a trailing contact surface trailing the heating element along the weld zone arranged to constrain molten polymeric material in the weld zone. The heating element is also arranged to reciprocate relative to the trailing contact surface.

The present invention provides a non-corrective spectacle lens which is a molded plastic lens used by a person having normal eyesight, or a polarizing lens constituted by the molded plastic lens and a polarizing film integrally superposed on the molded plastic lens. In order to moderately reduce the movement of the muscle necessary for focus adjustment, the non-corrective spectacle lens has a spherical power S within the range of −1.0 D≤S<−0.1 D, where D is diopter as a unit of the spherical power S.

A laser welding system is directed to simultaneously joining respective layers of a first bag and a second bag. The system includes a first film layer adjacent to a second film layer for forming the first bag, and a third film layer adjacent to a fourth film layer for forming the second bag, each layer of the plurality of film layers being made of a thermoplastic material that absorbs laser radiation having a wavelength of about 2 microns. A non-absorbing carrier film layer is positioned between the second film layer and the third film layer, the non-absorbing carrier film layer being made of a material that transmits substantially all energy of the laser radiation. A laser source applies the laser radiation toward portions of the plurality of film layers to be joined, forming the first bag generally simultaneously with the second bag.

A laser welding system is directed to simultaneously joining respective layers of a first bag and a second bag. The system includes a first film layer adjacent to a second film layer for forming the first bag, and a third film layer adjacent to a fourth film layer for forming the second bag, each layer of the plurality of film layers being made of a thermoplastic material that absorbs laser radiation having a wavelength of about 2 microns. A non-absorbing carrier film layer is positioned between the second film layer and the third film layer, the non-absorbing carrier film layer being made of a material that transmits substantially all energy of the laser radiation. A laser source applies the laser radiation toward portions of the plurality of film layers to be joined, forming the first bag generally simultaneously with the second bag.

The present disclosure is directed to a formulations of cements and methods for bonding dissimilar materials. The formulations and methods can bond a Non-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) containing first polyolefin that is amorphous or has low crystallinity to a second material that is a rigid material or a hard PVC. The methods and formulations can work by co-dissolution at an interface, or activation of a one of the materials prior to bonding.

The present disclosure is directed to a formulations of cements and methods for bonding dissimilar materials. The formulations and methods can bond a Non-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) containing first polyolefin that is amorphous or has low crystallinity to a second material that is a rigid material or a hard PVC. The methods and formulations can work by co-dissolution at an interface, or activation of a one of the materials prior to bonding.

The present application relates to a fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite sheet and a method for preparing the same. The fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite sheet has on its surface a marble texture effect obtained by laminating cut pieces of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite unidirectional tape, wherein the fibers and the resin used in the continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite unidirectional tape have different colors. The thermoplastic composite sheet may be prepared using a simple and quick method, and meet individual requirements of surface appearance of the final product.

A method for bonding thermoplastic fiber-composite parts comprises providing surface texture on one or both parts being bonded, and/or providing both parts with engagement features. Such surface textures and engagement features have a specific geometry and fiber alignment that facilitate fibrous interlock between the two parts at a bonding interface via in-situ consolidation.

A method for bonding thermoplastic fiber-composite parts comprises providing surface texture on one or both parts being bonded, and/or providing both parts with engagement features. Such surface textures and engagement features have a specific geometry and fiber alignment that facilitate fibrous interlock between the two parts at a bonding interface via in-situ consolidation.