Methods for controlling a plant detection system include determining a target phase delay based on a first phase delay of reflected portions of a first light beam and a second phase delay of reflected portions of a second light beam. A composite light beam comprising the first light beam and the second light beam is emitter towards bare soil, and reflected portions of the composite light beam are detected. An intensity of at least one of the first light beam or the second light beam is adjusted so that a phase delay of the composite light beam is approximately equal to the target phase delay.

Methods for controlling a plant detection system include determining a target phase delay based on a first phase delay of reflected portions of a first light beam and a second phase delay of reflected portions of a second light beam. A composite light beam comprising the first light beam and the second light beam is emitter towards bare soil, and reflected portions of the composite light beam are detected. An intensity of at least one of the first light beam or the second light beam is adjusted so that a phase delay of the composite light beam is approximately equal to the target phase delay.

A method of controlling the growth of a plant is provided, the method including the steps of: (a) inserting a capsule containing an agent into an opening formed in a plant; and (b) closing the opening formed in the plant into which the capsule is inserted. The agent may be a chemical agent. The plant may be a woody plant, such as a woody weed or a woody cultivated plant. Also provided is a capsule containing an agent for insertion into a plant, and an apparatus for insertion of a capsule into a plant.

A plant injector which includes a first arm and second arm, with the first arm and the second arm being rotatably coupled at a pivot, and with each of the first arm and the second arm have a handle end and a distal end. A lance being coupled to the distal end of the first arm, the lance having at least one aperture connecting an outer surface of the lance to an inner conduit of the lance, wherein the lance comprises a pointed end and a supply end.

Methods for controlling a plant detection system include determining a target phase delay based on a first phase delay of reflected portions of a first light beam and a second phase delay of reflected portions of a second light beam. A composite light beam comprising the first light beam and the second light beam is emitter towards bare soil, and reflected portions of the composite light beam are detected. An intensity of at least one of the first light beam or the second light beam is adjusted so that a phase delay of the composite light beam is approximately equal to the target phase delay.

Plant eradication and stressing of plants using illumination trauma where a dual component, low energy, unnatural set of irradiances is applied, with no mutagenic or high radiative energy transfers in any wavelength for eradication by severe scalding, heat shock, or incineration. Two radiations are applied: an Indigo Region Illumination Distribution that can extend from 300 nm to 550 nm to be directed to plant foliage and/or a plant root crown, and a Medium Wavelength Infrared distribution of light, ranging from 2-20 microns wavelength to be directed to the ground, to a plant root crown and/or soil immediately adjacent the root crown. Plants can include seeds, and seedlings, and biomass can be irradiated to control weed seeds such as from a combine. The Indigo Region Illumination Distribution can pass through the MWIR emitter to form a compact illuminator. The MWIR emitter can comprise borosilicate glass at 400 F to 1000 F.

Plant eradication and stressing of plants using illumination trauma where a dual component, low energy, unnatural set of irradiances is applied, with no mutagenic or high radiative energy transfers in any wavelength for eradication by severe scalding, heat shock, or incineration. Two radiations are applied: an Indigo Region Illumination Distribution that can extend from 300 nm to 550 nm to be directed to plant foliage and/or a plant root crown, and a Medium Wavelength Infrared distribution of light, ranging from 2-20 microns wavelength to be directed to the ground, to a plant root crown and/or soil immediately adjacent the root crown. Plants can include seeds, and seedlings, and biomass can be irradiated to control weed seeds such as from a combine. The Indigo Region Illumination Distribution can pass through the MWIR emitter to form a compact illuminator. The MWIR emitter can comprise borosilicate glass at 400 F to 1000 F.

A sprayer for attachment to a hose, the sprayer including an inlet for introducing fluid into the sprayer, an outlet for discharging fluid from the sprayer, a first controller to control the flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet, a first fluid path located between the first controller and the outlet, a second fluid path located between the first controller and the outlet, the second fluid path fluidly connectable to a container having an active liquid, and a second controller to control the flow of fluid in the second fluid path, wherein in use, when fluid is flowing in the second fluid path, the fluid flow causes the active liquid to enter the second fluid path and exit the sprayer via the outlet.

A sprayer for attachment to a hose, the sprayer including an inlet for introducing fluid into the sprayer, an outlet for discharging fluid from the sprayer, a first controller to control the flow of fluid from the inlet to the outlet, a first fluid path located between the first controller and the outlet, a second fluid path located between the first controller and the outlet, the second fluid path fluidly connectable to a container having an active liquid, and a second controller to control the flow of fluid in the second fluid path, wherein in use, when fluid is flowing in the second fluid path, the fluid flow causes the active liquid to enter the second fluid path and exit the sprayer via the outlet.

A method for generating a localized data map, the method including (a) traversing an area with a machine, the machine including at least one sensor, wherein the sensor is configured to receive data; (b) collecting data of the area utilizing the sensor; and (c) communicating the data to generate a localized data map. A system and method for generating a localized turf grass data map, the method including (a) traversing an area of turf grass with an outdoor power equipment machine, the outdoor power equipment machine including at least one sensor, wherein the sensor is configured to receive data; (b) collecting turf grass data utilizing the sensor; and (c) communicating the turf grass data to generate a localized turf grass data map.