Disclosed are genetically modified nudiviruses capable of being sexually transmitted by an insect useful for controlling pest populations. The genetically modified nudiviruses are capable of causing sterility in a target population of insects. Also disclosed are insects infected with the disclosed genetically modified nudiviruses, methods of making the genetically modified nudiviruses, and methods of using the genetically modified nudiviruses to control an insect pest population.

The present invention provides a novel method of manufacturing germinated plant seeds suitable for producing a large amount of phytoalexin, a method of manufacturing raw material seeds for germination induction for use in manufacture of the above germinated plant seeds, an extract composition of the germinated plant seeds and a screening method for a plant seed candidate for use in producing a target substance. The method of manufacturing raw material seeds for germination induction comprises a pre-treatment step of maintaining plant seeds under atmosphere conditions of a carbon dioxide concentration of 400 ppm or more and/or an oxygen concentration of 19 vol % or less continuously for 5 hours or more.

Methods are described herein for generating beneficial compounds and/or materials such as bacteriocins that include contacting ‘challenger’ microbes with the ‘protagonist’ microorganisms. The challenger microbes do not directly manufacture the beneficial compounds and/or materials and instead stimulate the protagonist microorganisms to produce beneficial compounds and materials. The protagonist and/or challenger microorganisms can be administered to a subject so the beneficial compounds and/or materials can be made in vivo. Compositions and methods of using beneficial compounds and/or materials are also described herein.

Plant-protective compositions comprising lysozyme and methods of their use are provided. Lysozyme is a naturally-derived material forming a desirable non-toxic barrier that eliminates various plant pests and may promoting plant growth. Formulations are provided, which may include carriers, inert ingredients and formulation components, and/or active ingredients. Methods of protecting a plant, plant part, seed, or site where plants are to be grown from a pest using the compositions are also provided. Exemplary plants include those of the Cannabis genus.

The invention discloses a synergist for improving crop resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity. The synergist includes the following components by weight: 20-30 parts of an oyster shell powder, 20-30 parts of a water chestnut skin powder, 10-20 parts of a chinaberry bark powder, 10-20 parts of a magnetic material, 10-20 parts of an illite powder, 5-10 parts of a shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The synergist can, on one hand, improve the resistance of crops, especially reducing the pests and diseases significantly, improving waterlogging and drought resistance; and, on the other hand, greatly reduce the use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, preventing soil compaction. It can also significantly increase the content of active polysaccharides, especially β-glucan in crops. In addition, the raw materials are readily available, the cost is low, and there are significant economic benefits.

The invention discloses a synergist for improving crop resistance and fertilizer absorption capacity. The synergist includes the following components by weight: 20-30 parts of an oyster shell powder, 20-30 parts of a water chestnut skin powder, 10-20 parts of a chinaberry bark powder, 10-20 parts of a magnetic material, 10-20 parts of an illite powder, 5-10 parts of a shiitake mushroom polysaccharide extract. The synergist can, on one hand, improve the resistance of crops, especially reducing the pests and diseases significantly, improving waterlogging and drought resistance; and, on the other hand, greatly reduce the use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, preventing soil compaction. It can also significantly increase the content of active polysaccharides, especially β-glucan in crops. In addition, the raw materials are readily available, the cost is low, and there are significant economic benefits.

The present invention relates to methods for preventing and/or reducing biofilm formation and/or planktonic proliferation with one or more selected bacteria strains or bacterial blends.

Methods for transfusing blood to a mammalian subject. The method includes obtaining a unit of blood, rejuvenating the blood with an enhancement composition, measuring a level of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the blood, and delivering the blood to a subject.

The present invention provides a method of shortening pesticidal time of the baculovirus to pest, comprising: (1) preparing a pesticide composition; (2) diluting the pesticide composition 100-3000 times; and (3) spraying the diluted pesticide composition on third or older instars in fields; wherein the pesticide composition comprises: (a) a ryanodine receptor insecticide or a diamides insecticide and (b) baculovirus, wherein the concentration of the ryanodine receptor insecticide or the diamides insecticide is 0.01-75% and the concentration of the nucleopolyhedrovirus is 10.sup.7-10.sup.12 PIB/ml. The pesticide composition of the present invention can effectively reduce the lethal time to the pest compared to the baculovirus alone, and also can increase the control effect of the pest compared to the same concentration of the insecticide, when applied in field.

The present invention relates to Salmonella enterica comprising at least pgl operon of Campylobacter jejuni or a functional derivative thereof and presenting at least one N-glycan of Campylobacter jejuni or N-glycan derivative thereof on its cell surface and, in particular, to medical uses and pharmaceutical compositions thereof as well as methods for treating and/or preventing Campylobacter and optionally Salmonella infections and methods for producing these Salmonella strains.