The instant invention describes an anti-biofouling structure for placement onto structures or surfaces that are exposed to aquatic environments. Embedded within the anti-biofouling structure are agents that can diffuse out of the structure and prevent the formation and/or accumulation of plant and animal species build-up that creates biofouling. The instant invention also describes a system for preventing biofouling of an object stored in an aquatic environment which includes the anti-biofouling structure, and a protective cover element constructed and arranged to fit various structures, such as boat propellers.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1 or Formula 1′, including all geometric and stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof,

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3a, R.sup.3b, R.sup.3c, R.sup.3d, R.sup.4, Z and A, respectively, are as defined in the disclosure.
Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 or Formula 1′ and methods for controlling an invertebrate pest comprising contacting the invertebrate pest or its environment with a biologically effective amount of a compound or a composition of the disclosure.

Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds, can be used as insecticides.

##STR00001##

Compounds of formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts, stereoisomers, enantiomers, tautomers and N-oxides of those compounds, can be used as insecticides.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to antifouling compositions comprising copper di(ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate) (Cu(ETFAA)2) that are highly effective against marine biofouling of surfaces of ships and marine structures, their use for inhibiting marine biofouling, as well as antifouling paints comprising said compositions.

The present invention relates to antifouling compositions comprising copper di(ethyl 4,4,4-trifluoroacetoacetate) (Cu(ETFAA)2) that are highly effective against marine biofouling of surfaces of ships and marine structures, their use for inhibiting marine biofouling, as well as antifouling paints comprising said compositions.

Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1. Furthermore, the present invention relates to agrochemical compositions which comprise compounds of formula (I), to preparation of these compositions, and to the use of the compounds or compositions in agriculture or horticulture for combating, preventing or controlling animal pests, including arthropods and in particular insects, molluscs or representatives of the order Acarina.

##STR00001##

Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1. Furthermore, the present invention relates to agrochemical compositions which comprise compounds of formula (I), to preparation of these compositions, and to the use of the compounds or compositions in agriculture or horticulture for combating, preventing or controlling animal pests, including arthropods and in particular insects, molluscs or representatives of the order Acarina.

##STR00001##

A composition and methods of using the composition for the control of mollusks are provided, which include an effective amount of one or more isolated Phasmarhabditis nematodes, wherein at least one of the isolated nematodes is P. californica, P. papillosa or P. hermaphrodita, and wherein the P. hermaphrodita does not comprise Moraxella osloensis.

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of alien invasive species control, in particular to use of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol in killing or controlling Pomacea canaliculata, a method for killing or controlling the Pomacea canaliculata, and a molluscicide. The present disclosure provides use of 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol in killing or controlling Pomacea canaliculata. The 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol can effectively control the Pomacea canaliculata with a low cost. In the present disclosure, the results of examples show that: the 4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenol has an obvious killing effect on the Pomacea canaliculata, showing a control effect comparable to that of niclosamide, a commonly-used molluscicide for killing the Pomacea canaliculata.