A stray current mitigation assembly includes a carbon conduction subassembly configured to be embedded in a subsurface adjacent an electrically conductive structure. The carbon conduction subassembly includes a carbon fiber fabric layer and one or more conductive extensions electrically coupled to the carbon fiber fabric layer. The carbon fiber fabric layer is configured to capture stray current generated by the electrically conductive structure and the one or more conductive extensions are configured to carry captured stray current along a length of the one or more conductive extensions.

The submitted voltage limiter consists of the insulating shell (26), closed from the top by the electrically and thermally conductive first contact plate (2) provided with the first connecting point (1) and from the bottom by the electrically and thermally conductive second contact plate (10) provided with the second connecting point (9). The embodiment of the two triggering semiconductor elements (5, 13) oriented in opposing directions and the protection member (17) connected to it in parallel, located between the two inner plates (3, 11), is located inside the insulating shell (26). The semiconductor elements (5, 13) are simultaneously interconnected with the electronic control device and connecting points (1, 9). The limiter is equipped with compressive construction to provide clamping and electrical interconnection of individual parts. The first triggering semiconductor element (5) is located between the thermally and electrically conductive first inner plate (3), which is in contact with its cathode (7) and the first contact plate (2), which is in contact with its anode (6). The second triggering semiconductor element (13) is located between the thermally and electrically conductive second inner plate (11), which is in contact with its cathode (15) and the second contact plate (10), which is in contact with its anode (14). The electronic control device may be located outside or inside the insulating shell (26) and consists of the first control device (4) interconnected with the control electrode (8) of the first triggering semiconductor element (5), the first contact plate (2) and the first inner plate (3) and interconnected with the control electrode (16) of the second triggering semiconductor element (13), with the second contact plate (10) and the second inner plate (11) from the second control device (12).

The submitted voltage limiter consists of the insulating shell (26), closed from the top by the electrically and thermally conductive first contact plate (2) provided with the first connecting point (1) and from the bottom by the electrically and thermally conductive second contact plate (10) provided with the second connecting point (9). The embodiment of the two triggering semiconductor elements (5, 13) oriented in opposing directions and the protection member (17) connected to it in parallel, located between the two inner plates (3, 11), is located inside the insulating shell (26). The semiconductor elements (5, 13) are simultaneously interconnected with the electronic control device and connecting points (1, 9). The limiter is equipped with compressive construction to provide clamping and electrical interconnection of individual parts. The first triggering semiconductor element (5) is located between the thermally and electrically conductive first inner plate (3), which is in contact with its cathode (7) and the first contact plate (2), which is in contact with its anode (6). The second triggering semiconductor element (13) is located between the thermally and electrically conductive second inner plate (11), which is in contact with its cathode (15) and the second contact plate (10), which is in contact with its anode (14). The electronic control device may be located outside or inside the insulating shell (26) and consists of the first control device (4) interconnected with the control electrode (8) of the first triggering semiconductor element (5), the first contact plate (2) and the first inner plate (3) and interconnected with the control electrode (16) of the second triggering semiconductor element (13), with the second contact plate (10) and the second inner plate (11) from the second control device (12).

Provided herein is an energy delivery system for transporting electrical energy from an electrical energy generation facility to an electrical energy consumption facility via rail. The energy delivery system can comprise a train comprising at least one rail car loaded with at least one battery system. The at least one battery system can comprise a pantograph for receiving energy from the energy generation facility when the train is located at the energy generation facility for charging batteries of the battery system and for transferring energy stored by the battery system to the energy consumption facility when the train is located at the energy consumption facility.

Provided herein is an energy delivery system for transporting electrical energy from an electrical energy generation facility to an electrical energy consumption facility via rail. The energy delivery system can comprise a train comprising at least one rail car loaded with a battery system. The battery system can comprise an energy transfer interface for receiving energy from the energy generation facility when the train is located at the energy generation facility for charging batteries of the battery system and for transferring energy stored by the battery system to the energy consumption facility when the train is located at the energy consumption facility. The energy transfer interface can be configured to receive energy from a corresponding energy transfer interface mounted to a retractable arm system of the energy generation facility and to transfer energy to a corresponding energy transfer interface mounted to a retractable arm system of the energy consumption facility.

Provided herein is an energy delivery system for transporting electrical energy from an electrical energy generation facility to an electrical energy consumption facility via rail. The energy delivery system can comprise a train comprising at least one rail car loaded with at least one battery system. The battery system can comprise an energy transfer interface for receiving energy from the energy generation facility when the train is located at the energy generation facility for charging batteries of the battery system and for transferring energy stored by the battery system to the energy consumption facility when the train is located at the energy consumption facility. The energy transfer interface can be configured to receive energy from a corresponding energy transfer interface mounted to a crane system of the energy generation facility and to transfer energy to a corresponding energy transfer interface mounted to a crane system of the energy consumption facility.

Provided herein is an energy delivery system for transporting electrical energy from an electrical energy generation facility to an electrical energy consumption facility via rail. The energy delivery system can comprise a train comprising at least one rail car loaded with at least one battery system. The at least one battery system can comprise a contactor for contacting a third rail of the energy generation facility for receiving energy when the train is located at the energy generation facility for charging batteries of the battery system and for contacting a third rail of the energy consumption facility for transferring energy stored by the battery system to the energy consumption facility when the train is located at the energy consumption facility.

In accordance with an embodiment, there is disclosed a rail cover for covering an underside of a foot of a railway rail, the rail cover comprising: mutually connectable cover parts configured to respectively extend at least partially around opposing sides of the foot of the railway rail and connectable by an adjustable ratcheting connection or an interference fit to resist separation of the mutually connectable cover parts.

An insulating track segment for a ground power supply system includes a body made of an electric current insulating material. The insulating track segment constitutes a portion of an insulating track for forming a continuous sliding surface for a pad of a vehicle powered by the ground power supply system.

An insulating track segment for a ground power supply system includes a body made of an electric current insulating material. The insulating track segment constitutes a portion of an insulating track for forming a continuous sliding surface for a pad of a vehicle powered by the ground power supply system.