Vessel transfer systems are provide herein. The systems include bogies, including a pivoting bogie and a rack and pinion bogie, as well as associated cradles, carriages, and power and control units. The pivoting bogie includes a first side frame, a second side frame, at least one wheel coupled with each of the first and second side frames, and a lift member coupled with each of the first and second side frames. The lift member is pivotably coupled to the first side frame. The rack and pinion bogie includes a frame and pinion gears coupled with the frame. The pinion gears can be selectively coupled with a gear rack, such as at a shipyard. Also provided herein are methods of use of one or both of the bogies and associated equipment, such as for moving vessels within a shipyard.

Vessel transfer systems are provide herein. The systems include bogies, including a pivoting bogie and a rack and pinion bogie, as well as associated cradles, carriages, and power and control units. The pivoting bogie includes a first side frame, a second side frame, at least one wheel coupled with each of the first and second side frames, and a lift member coupled with each of the first and second side frames. The lift member is pivotably coupled to the first side frame. The rack and pinion bogie includes a frame and pinion gears coupled with the frame. The pinion gears can be selectively coupled with a gear rack, such as at a shipyard. Also provided herein are methods of use of one or both of the bogies and associated equipment, such as for moving vessels within a shipyard.

A method for manufacturing a battery case for electric vehicle includes: preparing a frame, and a blank material formed in a flat plate shape; disposing the frame and the blank material to stack the blank material on the frame; and pressurizing the blank material to press the blank material against the frame, so as to mold the blank material into a bathtub shape and joining the blank material to the frame by press-fitting.

A suspension member includes a cross member and front body mounts. The cross member includes a main panel including a lower panel and an upper panel joined together, and a reinforcing panel joined to the main panel. The cross member is a member including a front wall, an upper wall, a rear wall, and a lower wall, and having a closed sectional shape defined by the front wall, the upper wall, the rear wall, and the lower wall. The reinforcing panel includes a lower flange constituting a front portion of the lower wall, and an intermediate wall extending upward from a rear end of the lower flange and joined to the upper wall. On opposite sides of the cross member in a vehicle-width direction, bottom walls of the front body mounts are joined to the flange, and side walls of the front body mounts are joined to the main panel.

A suspension member includes a cross member and front body mounts. The cross member includes a main panel including a lower panel and an upper panel joined together, and a reinforcing panel joined to the main panel. The cross member is a member including a front wall, an upper wall, a rear wall, and a lower wall, and having a closed sectional shape defined by the front wall, the upper wall, the rear wall, and the lower wall. The reinforcing panel includes a lower flange constituting a front portion of the lower wall, and an intermediate wall extending upward from a rear end of the lower flange and joined to the upper wall. On opposite sides of the cross member in a vehicle-width direction, bottom walls of the front body mounts are joined to the flange, and side walls of the front body mounts are joined to the main panel.

Land vehicles are disclosed. A land vehicle includes a frame structure, a plurality of wheels, and an impact management system. The frame structure includes an operator cage that at least partially defines an operator cabin and a rear compartment positioned rearward of the operator cage in a longitudinal direction. The frame structure includes a pair of rails that each extends in the longitudinal direction from a first end arranged adjacent a pair of front wheels to a second end arranged adjacent a pair of rear wheels. The plurality of wheels are supported by the frame structure. The plurality of wheels includes the pair of front wheels and the pair of rear wheels. The pair of front wheels are positioned forward of the pair of rear wheels in the longitudinal direction.

A structural member for an automobile to be disclosed includes a press-formed product formed from one steel sheet and a reinforcing member fixed to the press-formed product. The press-formed product includes two vertical wall portions and a top plate portion linking the two vertical wall portions. The reinforcing member is a member which has an L-shaped cross section and includes a first plate-like portion and a second plate-like portion. The first plate-like portion is fixed to one of the vertical wall portions such that the second plate-like portion protrudes toward an outward direction from the vertical wall portion side along the top plate portion.

Vessel transfer systems are provide herein. The systems include bogies, including a pivoting bogie and a rack and pinion bogie, as well as associated cradles, carriages, and power and control units. The pivoting bogie includes a first side frame, a second side frame, at least one wheel coupled with each of the first and second side frames, and a lift member coupled with each of the first and second side frames. The lift member is pivotably coupled to the first side frame. The rack and pinion bogie includes a frame and pinion gears coupled with the frame. The pinion gears can be selectively coupled with a gear rack, such as at a shipyard. Also provided herein are methods of use of one or both of the bogies and associated equipment, such as for moving vessels within a shipyard.

Vessel transfer systems are provide herein. The systems include bogies, including a pivoting bogie and a rack and pinion bogie, as well as associated cradles, carriages, and power and control units. The pivoting bogie includes a first side frame, a second side frame, at least one wheel coupled with each of the first and second side frames, and a lift member coupled with each of the first and second side frames. The lift member is pivotably coupled to the first side frame. The rack and pinion bogie includes a frame and pinion gears coupled with the frame. The pinion gears can be selectively coupled with a gear rack, such as at a shipyard. Also provided herein are methods of use of one or both of the bogies and associated equipment, such as for moving vessels within a shipyard.

A manufacturing method of a body frame includes a pre-strain step of press molding a wavy shape portion in the body frame to apply pre-strain after any press molding to mold the body frame.