Disclosed are zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) compositions in which at least a portion of the ligands in its shell have been exchanged with other ligands, and methods of making such shell-ligand-exchanged ZIFs. Also disclosed is the use of such shell-ligand-exchanged ZIFs in hydrocarbon separation processes.

Disclosed are zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) compositions in which at least a portion of the ligands in its shell have been exchanged with other ligands, and methods of making such shell-ligand-exchanged ZIFs. Also disclosed is the use of such shell-ligand-exchanged ZIFs in hydrocarbon separation processes.

An inorganic porous carrier that can be used to increase the purity of nucleic acid in a production thereof, and that comprises a linker of formula (1), wherein a Survival Bone Rate (SBR) value is 5.0% or more. In the formula (1), a bond * represents a linkage of an inorganic porous substance to the oxygen atom of a silanol group; n is an integer of 1 etc.; R represents independently of each other an alkyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms which may have a substituent such as an alkoxy group etc.; and L represents a single bond; an alkylene group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; or an alkylene group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms which contains —CH.sub.2-Q-CH.sub.2— group wherein any group Q selected from a group consisting of —O— etc. is inserted into at least one of —CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2— group constituting the alkylene group.

##STR00001##

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) are highly porous entities comprising a multidentate organic ligand coordinated to multiple metal centers, typically as a coordination polymer. Crystallization may be problematic in some instances when secondary binding sites are present in the multidentate organic ligand. Multidentate organic ligands comprising first and second binding sites bridged together with a third binding site comprising a diimine moiety may alleviate these issues, particularly when using a preformed metal cluster as a metal source to form a MOF. Such MOFs may comprise a plurality of metal centers, and a multidentate organic ligand coordinated to the plurality of metal centers to define an at least partially crystalline network structure having a plurality of internal pores, and in which the multidentate organic ligand comprises first and second binding sites bridged together with a third binding site comprising a diimine moiety. Particular MOFs may comprise N,N′-di(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethane-1,2-diimine as a multidentate organic ligand.

An inorganic porous carrier having pore distribution where a pore diameter is 0.04 μm or more, and including a linker of formula (1) [where a bond * represents a bond to an oxygen atom of a silanol group in an inorganic porous substance. R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 represent each independently an alkyl group containing 3 to 10 carbon atoms, or a phenyl group. L represents a single bond; an alkylene group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms; or an alkylene group containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms containing —CH.sub.2-Q-CH.sub.2— group wherein any group Q selected from a group consisting of —O—, —NH—, —NH—CO—, and —NH—CO—NH— is inserted into at least one of —CH.sub.2—CH.sub.2— group constituting the alkylene group. A carbon atom of the methylene group bound to the group Q does not bond to another group Q at the same time.]; and a method for preparing nucleic acids using the same.

##STR00001##

An asbestos waste neutralization device, that includes an acid tank and a vat containing a diluted acid solution, in which waste containing asbestos is dipped, the diluted acid solution neutralizing the waste containing asbestos during a neutralization reaction. The device further includes a filtration unit to separate, at the end of the neutralization reaction, solid inert waste from a liquid phase of the acid solution, and a regeneration unit for the liquid phase of the acid solution, which adjusts the hydrogen potential of the liquid phase of the acid solution by adding concentrated acid contained in the acid tank. In addition, the device includes an attenuation sensor for regenerated liquid phase of the acid solution from the regeneration unit, and a selective precipitation unit for the regenerated liquid phase of the acid solution, depending on the degree of attenuation the attenuation sensor senses.

A method, comprising i) contacting an aqueous solution of an organic ligand salt of the formula A.sub.X(L.sup.−X) with a mesoporous material (MPM) to form an impregnated mesoporous salt material of the formula A.sub.X(L.sup.−X)/MPM, ii) treating the impregnated mesoporous salt material with an aqueous acidic solution to form an impregnated mesoporous acid material of the formula H.sub.X(L.sup.−X)/MPM, iii) contacting an aqueous solution of a metal precursor of the formula M.sup.+y(B)y with the impregnated mesoporous acid material to form an impregnated mesoporous metal organic framework precursor of the formula [M.sup.+y(B).sub.y][H.sub.x(L.sup.−x)]/MPM, and iv) at least one of 1) heating the impregnated mesoporous metal organic framework precursor in the absence of a solvent or 2) exposing the impregnated mesoporous metal organic framework precursor to a volatile vapor in the absence of a solvent such that the heating or the exposing forms a hybrid material of the formula (M.sup.+yL.sup.−x)/MPM, wherein the hybrid material comprises a nano-crystalline metal organic framework (MOF) embedded within the mesoporous material.

A method, comprising i) contacting an aqueous solution of an organic ligand salt of the formula A.sub.X(L.sup.−X) with a mesoporous material (MPM) to form an impregnated mesoporous salt material of the formula A.sub.X(L.sup.−X)/MPM, ii) treating the impregnated mesoporous salt material with an aqueous acidic solution to form an impregnated mesoporous acid material of the formula H.sub.X(L.sup.−X)/MPM, iii) contacting an aqueous solution of a metal precursor of the formula M.sup.+y(B)y with the impregnated mesoporous acid material to form an impregnated mesoporous metal organic framework precursor of the formula [M.sup.+y(B).sub.y][H.sub.x(L.sup.−x)]/MPM, and iv) at least one of 1) heating the impregnated mesoporous metal organic framework precursor in the absence of a solvent or 2) exposing the impregnated mesoporous metal organic framework precursor to a volatile vapor in the absence of a solvent such that the heating or the exposing forms a hybrid material of the formula (M.sup.+yL.sup.−x)/MPM, wherein the hybrid material comprises a nano-crystalline metal organic framework (MOF) embedded within the mesoporous material.

Provided is a separation membrane that is suitable for use in separating one or more hydrocarbons from a hydrocarbon mixture. More specifically, the separation membrane includes a porous support for which acid content is not substantially detected by ammonia temperature programmed desorption in a temperature range of higher than 450° C. and not higher than 600° C. and a porous separation layer containing a zeolite that is disposed on the porous support.

This invention relates to a method of using MOF adsorbents to remove elemental impurities from feed streams comprising active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). The process involves contacting the feed stream comprising API and elemental impurities with the MOF at purification conditions to obtain a purified stream with provides an API which has a concentration of the elemental impurity below its permitted daily exposure. The process can be carried in a batch mode where the MOF and feed stream are admixed in a vessel for a given amount of time or continuously by flowing the feed stream through a column or adsorbent bed containing the MOF adsorbent.