A device including an LED light source optically coupled to a green-emitting U.sup.6+-doped phosphor having a composition selected from the group consisting of U.sup.6+-doped phosphate-vanadate phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped halide phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped oxyhalide phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped silicate-germanate phosphors, U.sup.6+-doped alkali earth oxide phosphors, and combinations thereof, is presented. The U.sup.6+-doped phosphate-vanadate phosphors are selected from the group consisting of compositions of formulas (A1)-(A12). The U.sup.6+-doped halide phosphors are selected from the group consisting of compositions for formulas (B1)-(B3). The U.sup.6+-doped oxyhalide phosphors are selected from the group consisting of compositions of formulas (C1)-(C5). The U.sup.6+-doped silicate-germanate phosphors are selected from the group consisting of compositions of formulas (D1)-(D11). The U.sup.6+-doped alkali earth oxide phosphors are selected from the group consisting of formulas (E1)-(E11).

Calibration devices including germanium-68 source material are disclosed. The source material may be a matrix material (e.g., zeolite) in which germanium-68 is isomorphously substituted for central atoms in tetrahedra within the matrix material. Methods for preparing such calibration devices are also disclosed.

The present invention provides a thermoelectric conversion material represented by the following chemical formula (I):
Ba.sub.8+aCu.sub.6bGe.sub.40+6 (I) wherein the values of a is not less than 0.1 and not more than 0.47; the values of b is not less than 0 and not more than 0.43; the thermoelectric conversion material has a clathrate crystal structure; and the thermoelectric conversion material is of p-type. The present invention provides a p-type BaCuGe clathrate thermoelectric conversion material having high thermoelectric conversion performance index.

The object of the present invention is to provide a needle coke for a graphite electrode, which suppresses puffing of the needle coke and improves the production yield and performances of graphite electrodes without incurring a large cost in the production of a needle coke, and also provide a production method and an inhibitor therefor. An inhibitor for graphite electrode production, including at least one of a metal consisting of an element (M) and an oxide comprising the element (M), wherein the element (M) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of group 4 elements, group 8 elements, group 9 elements, group 10 elements, group 13 elements, group 14 elements and group 15 elements of the long-form periodic table, or including at least one of the metal consisting of an element (M) and a compound including the element (M), wherein the inhibitor volatilizes at a temperature of 2100 to 6000 C.

The object of the present invention is to provide a needle coke for a graphite electrode, which suppresses puffing of the needle coke and improves the production yield and performances of graphite electrodes without incurring a large cost in the production of a needle coke, and also provide a production method and an inhibitor therefor. An inhibitor for graphite electrode production, including at least one of a metal consisting of an element (M) and an oxide comprising the element (M), wherein the element (M) is at least one element selected from the group consisting of group 4 elements, group 8 elements, group 9 elements, group 10 elements, group 13 elements, group 14 elements and group 15 elements of the long-form periodic table, or including at least one of the metal consisting of an element (M) and a compound including the element (M), wherein the inhibitor volatilizes at a temperature of 2100 to 6000 C.

An organic-inorganic perovskite CH.sub.3NH.sub.3PbI.sub.3 nanowire showing a length-width aspect ratio from 5-400 up to 10.sup.9 and a width-height ratio of 1-100 up to 1-10000. Further, the invention is embodied as a process for making the nanowire wherein at least a polar aprotic solvents is used, the polar aprotic solvent being at least one from the list comprising DMF, DMSO, and DMAc solvents.

Anhydrous liquid-phase exfoliation of germanium sulfide to provide few-layer germanium sulfide, as can be incorporated into electronic devices such as but not limited to batteries and cells comprising such materials.

Anhydrous liquid-phase exfoliation of germanium sulfide to provide few-layer germanium sulfide, as can be incorporated into electronic devices such as but not limited to batteries and cells comprising such materials.

Provided is an oxide fluorescent material having a light emission peak in a wavelength range from red light to near-infrared light.

The oxide fluorescent material has a composition including: a first element M.sup.1 being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs; a second element M.sup.2 being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Mg, Ba, and Zn; Ge; O (oxygen); and Cr, the composition optionally including: a third element M.sup.3 being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Zr, Sn, Hf, and Pb; and a fourth element M.sup.4 being at least one element selected from the group consisting of Eu, Ce, Tb, Pr, Nd, Sm, Yb, Ho, Er, Tm, Ni, and Mn. When the molar ratio of Ge, or the total molar ratio of the third element M.sup.3 and Ge in the case of comprising the third element M.sup.3, in 1 mol of the composition of the oxide fluorescent material is 6, the molar ratio of the first element M.sup.1 is 1.5 or more and 2.5 or less, the molar ratio of the second element M.sup.2 is 0.7 or more and 1.3 or less, the molar ratio of the third element M.sup.3 is 0 or more and 0.4 or less, the molar ratio of O (oxygen) is 12.9 or more and 15.1 or less, and the molar ratio of Cr is 0.2 or less. The oxide fluorescent material has a light emission peak wavelength of 700 nm or more and 1,050 nm or less in a light emission spectrum of the oxide fluorescent material.

The present invention provides a thermoelectric conversion material represented by the following chemical formula (I):

Ba.sub.8+aCu.sub.6bGe.sub.40+6 (I) wherein the values of a is not less than 0.1 and not more than 0.47; the values of b is not less than 0 and not more than 0.43; the thermoelectric conversion material has a clathrate crystal structure; and the thermoelectric conversion material is of p-type.

The present invention provides a p-type BaCuGe clathrate thermoelectric conversion material having high thermoelectric conversion performance index.