The solid electrolyte material consists essentially of Li, Ti, Al, M, and F. Here, M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr and Mg.

Provided is a method of producing fine particulate barium calcium titanate in which calcium forms a homogeneous solid solution. The present invention relates to a method of producing a perovskite compound represented by the following formula (1):

Ba.sub.(1-x)A.sub.xTiO.sub.3  (1)

wherein A represents Ca or Sr, and x is a number satisfying 0.00<x≤0.30,

the method including: a first step of acid washing barium titanate to provide barium titanate having a ratio of barium element to titanium element of lower than 1.00; a second step of mixing the barium titanate obtained in the first step and a calcium salt or a strontium salt and drying the mixture to provide a dry mixture; and a third step of heating the dry mixture obtained in the second step.

An object of the present invention is to provide composite particles capable of suppressing oxidation over time of a Si—C composite material. Composite particles (B) of the present invention contains composite particles (A) containing carbon and silicon; and amorphous layers coating surfaces thereof, where the composite particles (B) have I.sub.Si/I.sub.G of 0.10 or more and 0.65 or less, and have R value (I.sub.D/I.sub.G) of 1.00 or more and 1.30 or less, when a peak due to silicon is present at 450 to 495 cm.sup.−1, an intensity of the peak is defined as I.sub.Si, an intensity of a G band (peak intensity in the vicinity of 1600 cm.sup.−1) is defined as I.sub.G, and an intensity of a D band (peak intensity in the vicinity of 1360 cm.sup.−1) is defined as I.sub.D in a Raman spectrum, and where the composite particles (B) have a full width at half maximum of a peak of a 111 plane of Si of 3.0 deg. or more using a Cu-Kα ray in an XRD pattern.

An object of the present invention is to provide composite particles capable of suppressing oxidation over time of a Si—C composite material. Composite particles (B) of the present invention contains composite particles (A) containing carbon and silicon; and amorphous layers coating surfaces thereof, where the composite particles (B) have I.sub.Si/I.sub.G of 0.10 or more and 0.65 or less, and have R value (I.sub.D/I.sub.G) of 1.00 or more and 1.30 or less, when a peak due to silicon is present at 450 to 495 cm.sup.−1, an intensity of the peak is defined as I.sub.Si, an intensity of a G band (peak intensity in the vicinity of 1600 cm.sup.−1) is defined as I.sub.G, and an intensity of a D band (peak intensity in the vicinity of 1360 cm.sup.−1) is defined as I.sub.D in a Raman spectrum, and where the composite particles (B) have a full width at half maximum of a peak of a 111 plane of Si of 3.0 deg. or more using a Cu-Kα ray in an XRD pattern.

A process for gas-phase synthesis of titanium dioxide aerosol gels with controlled monomer size and crystalline phase using a diffusion flame aerosol reactor operated in a buoyancy-opposed configuration is disclosed. The process includes introducing a precursor stream into a diffusion flame aerosol reactor, introducing a fuel stream into the reactor, combusting the precursor stream and the fuel stream in a flame to form at least one nanoparticle, and operating the reactor in a down-fired buoyancy-opposed configuration to produce the aerosol gel.

A barium titanate fiber is useful as a filler for a polymer composite piezoelectric body, a polymer composite piezoelectric body has high piezoelectric properties, and a piezoelectric element utilizes the polymer composite piezoelectric body. In the barium titanate fiber, the molar ratio of barium atoms to titanium atoms (Ba/Ti ratio) falls within the range of 1.01 to 1.04. The polymer composite piezoelectric body includes a resin composition containing the barium titanate fiber and a polymer. The piezoelectric element including an electrically conductive layer on one surface or both surfaces of the polymer composite piezoelectric body.

Provided are a barium titanate powder having spherical shape fine particles which have an average particle diameter (D.sub.50) in a range of about 140-270 nm, a tetragonal structure having a markedly improved tetragonality (c/a) in a range of 1.007-1.01 in contrast to the conventional composition, and at the same time, a markedly improved crystallinity in a range of 93-96%, thereby showing improved dielectric properties, and a manufacturing method thereof.

A material of formula Li.sub.aTi.sub.b(A.sub.xS.sub.3-x).sub.c wherein A is a metalloid element chosen from selenium, tellurium and mixtures thereof, and the stoichiometric coefficients a, b, c and x are such that 0<x<2.2; 0.4≤a≤4.5; 0.9≤b≤1.1; and 0.9≤c≤1.1.

A thin film structure including a dielectric material layer and an electronic device to which the thin film structure is applied are provided. The dielectric material layer includes a compound expressed by ABO.sub.3, wherein at least one of A and B in ABO.sub.3 is substituted and doped with another atom having a larger atom radius, and ABO.sub.3 becomes A.sub.1-xA′.sub.xB.sub.1-yB′.sub.yO.sub.3 (where x>=0, y>=0, at least one of x and y≠0, a dopant A′ has an atom radius greater than A and/or a dopant B′ has an atom radius greater than B) through substitution and doping. A dielectric material property of the dielectric material layer varies according to a type of a substituted and doped dopant and a substitution doping concentration.

A crystalline titanium and magnesium compound having an X-ray diffraction pattern having interplanar spacing (d-spacing) values at about 5.94, 3.10, 2.97, 2.10, 1.98, 1.82, and 1.74±0.1 angstroms may be used in protective coatings for metal or metal alloy substrates. The coatings exhibit excellent corrosion resistances and provide corrosion protection equal to or better than typical non-chromate coatings.