Provided is a charge-adjustment powder having an excellent ability to regulate a charging property on a surface of a target to be charge-adjusted within a certain range, and to maintain the applied charge. The charge-adjustment powder is formed with particles having titanium-niobium oxide on at least a part of a surface of a core, and the content of an alkali metal is set to be 20.0 mmol/kg or less based on the whole.

Provided are: composite particles having excellent oxidation resistance; and a method for producing composite particles. The composite particles are obtained by forming a composite of TiN and at least one of Al, Cr, and Nb. In the method for producing composite particles, a titanium powder and a powder of at least one of Al, Cr, and Nb are used as raw material powders and composite particles are produced using a gas phase method.

According to one embodiment, provided is an active material including a crystal particle that includes a niobium-titanium composite oxide. A ratio A.sub.Nb/A.sub.Ti of a Nb abundance A.sub.Nb to a Ti abundance A.sub.Ti in the crystal particle satisfies 2.3≤A.sub.Nb/A.sub.Ti≤4.0. According to a powder X-ray diffraction spectrum using a Cu-Kα ray for the crystal particle, an intensity ratio I.sub.β/I.sub.α of a peak intensity I.sub.β of a peak β appearing at 12.5°≤2θ≤13.0° to a peak intensity I.sub.α of a peak α appearing at 8.5°≤2θ≤9.0° is within a range of 0.1<I.sub.β/I.sub.α≤2.0.

A powder with particulates of a lithium ion-conducting material has a conductivity of at least 10.sup.−5 S/cm. The powder has an inorganic carbon content (Total Inorganic Carbon Content (TIC)) of less than 0.4 wt % and/or an organic carbon content (Total Organic Carbon Content (TOC)) of less than 0.1 wt %. The particulates have a d50 particle size in a range from 0.05 μm to 10 μm. The particulates have a particle size distribution log (d90/d10) of less than 4.

The present invention relates to a transition metal nitride support, a method of manufacturing the same, a metal catalyst and a platinum-alloy catalyst including the transition metal nitride support, and manufacturing methods thereof. The manufactured transition metal support prevents corrosion of the support and aggregation of the platinum catalyst, thereby exhibiting high oxygen reduction catalytic activity. Also, strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) can be stabilized, thus improving the durability of the catalyst. The transition metal support includes large pores uniformly distributed therein, thereby increasing the amount of the catalyst supported and minimizing mass-transfer resistance in a membrane- electrode assembly, increasing the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. The metal catalyst includes platinum particles loaded on the transition metal nitride support, thus exhibiting superior durability and activity. The manufactured platinum-alloy catalyst decreases the use of expensive platinum, thus generating economic benefits and improving the inherent oxygen reduction performance.

The present invention relates to a transition metal nitride support, a method of manufacturing the same, a metal catalyst and a platinum-alloy catalyst including the transition metal nitride support, and manufacturing methods thereof. The manufactured transition metal support prevents corrosion of the support and aggregation of the platinum catalyst, thereby exhibiting high oxygen reduction catalytic activity. Also, strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) can be stabilized, thus improving the durability of the catalyst. The transition metal support includes large pores uniformly distributed therein, thereby increasing the amount of the catalyst supported and minimizing mass-transfer resistance in a membrane- electrode assembly, increasing the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. The metal catalyst includes platinum particles loaded on the transition metal nitride support, thus exhibiting superior durability and activity. The manufactured platinum-alloy catalyst decreases the use of expensive platinum, thus generating economic benefits and improving the inherent oxygen reduction performance.

A dielectric material, a device including the same, and a method of preparing the dielectric material are provided. The dielectric material may include a compound represented by the following Formula 1:

K.sub.1+xNaSr.sub.4-2xLa.sub.xNb.sub.10O.sub.30,  Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, 0<x<2.

A dielectric material, a device including the same, and a method of preparing the dielectric material are provided. The dielectric material may include a compound represented by the following Formula 1:

K.sub.1+xNaSr.sub.4-2xLa.sub.xNb.sub.10O.sub.30,  Formula 1

wherein, in Formula 1, 0<x<2.

Provided is a piezoelectric material filler including alkali niobate compound particles having a ratio (K/(Na+K)) of the number of moles of potassium to the total number of moles of sodium and potassium of 0.460 to 0.495 in terms of atoms and a ratio ((Li+Na+K)/Nb) of the total number of moles of alkali metal elements to the number of moles of niobium of 0.995 to 1.005 in terms of atoms. The present invention can provide a piezoelectric material filler having excellent piezoelectric properties, and a composite piezoelectric material including the piezoelectric material filler and a polymer matrix.

A precursor solution according to the present disclosure contains: an organic solvent; a lithium oxoacid salt that exhibits a solubility in the organic solvent; and a base metal compound that exhibits a solubility in the organic solvent and that is at least one base metal selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, and Sb.