A hydrothermal synthesis for LiFePO.sub.4 is provided. First, each raw material solution is prepared using a degassed water in advance, second, those solution are mixed by dripping in a fixed order, and then those materials are reacted in a hydrothermal synthesis, so that LiFePO.sub.4 is obtained in a predesigned form.

Embodiments of synthetic garnet materials having advantageous properties, especially for below resonance frequency applications, are disclosed herein. In particular, embodiments of the synthetic garnet materials can have high Curie temperatures and dielectric constants while maintaining low magnetization. These materials can be incorporated into isolators and circulators, such as for use in telecommunication base stations.

The magnetic powder for a radio wave absorber is a powder of a hexagonal ferrite having a composition represented by Formula 1, a region B is present on the particle surface of the powder, and Expression 2: 0.3≤content of A atom in region B/content of Al atom in region B≤23.0 and Expression 3: 1.2≤total of content of A atom and content of Al atom in region B/total of content of A atom and content of Al atom in entire powder≤2.5 are satisfied. The region B is a region that is observed as a bright region having a long side diameter of 0.1 μm to 0.6 μm in an image subjected to binarization processing. A represents one or more kinds of atoms (A atom) selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ba, Ca, and Pb, and x satisfies 0.10≤x≤5.00.

AFe.sub.(12-x)Al.sub.xO.sub.19  (Formula 1)

The magnetic powder for a radio wave absorber is a powder of a hexagonal ferrite having a composition represented by Formula 1, a region B is present on the particle surface of the powder, and Expression 2: 0.3≤content of A atom in region B/content of Al atom in region B≤23.0 and Expression 3: 1.2≤total of content of A atom and content of Al atom in region B/total of content of A atom and content of Al atom in entire powder≤2.5 are satisfied. The region B is a region that is observed as a bright region having a long side diameter of 0.1 μm to 0.6 μm in an image subjected to binarization processing. A represents one or more kinds of atoms (A atom) selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ba, Ca, and Pb, and x satisfies 0.10≤x≤5.00.

AFe.sub.(12-x)Al.sub.xO.sub.19  (Formula 1)

An inorganic compound for a Li-ion conductor includes an oxyhalide compound with a chemical composition of MOX where M is at least one of Al, Sc, La, and Y, and X is at least one of F, Cl, Br, and I. Also, the oxyhalide compound has a thermal decomposition start temperature of the oxyhalide compound is greater than a thermal decomposition start temperature of FeOCl and a conductivity that is general equal to or greater than a conductivity of the FeOCl.

A method for supplying hydrogen-operated internal combustion engines with oxygen, wherein an inert gas is cycled. An economical local supply of pure oxygen for a closed-cycle hydrogen engine with argon cycling is realized by separating the oxygen from the atmosphere without relying on the useful work of the engine. OSM ceramics and exhaust gas heat and low oxygen partial pressure of the exhaust gas are used to generate oxygen. Two reactors filled with OSM ceramics are used, these reactors being alternately purged with exhaust gas and regenerated with air. Losses of inert gases and the entry of atmospheric nitrogen are avoided by intermediate purging with steam. The steam is generated by the heat of the exhaust gas or exhaust air. A mixture of water vapor, inert gas and oxygen is formed during purging. Subsequently, the oxygen content in the gas phase is markedly increased since water vapor is condensed out.

A perovskite oxygen carrier having the formula Sr.sub.1-xCa.sub.xFe.sub.1-yNi.sub.yO.sub.3, where 0.05<x<0.30 and 0.001<y<0.125 and a method of using the perovskite carrier to carry oxygen. A mesoporous perovskite oxygen carrier having the formula Sr.sub.1-xCa.sub.xFeO.sub.3, where 0.01<x<0.40 and methods for making and using the mesoporous perovskite oxygen carrier.

Producing Co.sub.xFe.sub.100-x, where x is an integer from 20 to 95, nanoparticles by: (a) providing a first aqueous hydroxide solution; (b) preparing a second aqueous solution containing iron ions and cobalt ions; and (c) depositing measured volumes of the second aqueous solution into the first aqueous solution whereby coprecipitation yields CoFe alloy nanoparticles, wherein step (c) occurs in an essentially oxygen-free environment. The nanoparticles are annealed at ambient temperatures to yield soft nanoparticles with targeted particle size, saturation magnetization and coercivity. The chemical composition, crystal structure and homogeneity are controlled at the atomic level. The CoFe magnetic nanoparticles have M.sub.s of 200-235 emu/g, (H.sub.c) coercivity of 18 to 36 O.sub.e and size range of 5-40 nm. The high magnetic moment CoFe nanoparticles can be employed in drug delivery, superior contrast agents for highly sensitive magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic immunoassay, magnetic labeling, waste water treatment, and magnetic separation.

Provided are an electromagnetic-wave absorbing composition that can favorably absorb electromagnetic waves of high frequencies in or above a millimeter-wave band and that can be applied to a desired portion in the form of a paste, and an easily deformable electromagnetic-wave absorber having flexibility. The electromagnetic-wave absorbing composition includes a rubber binder, a filler made of a particulate carbon material, and a magnetic iron oxide that magnetically resonates in a frequency band in or above a millimeter-wave band as an electromagnetic-wave absorbing material. The electromagnetic-wave absorber includes a rubber binder 1b, a filler 1c made of a particulate carbon material, and a magnetic iron oxide that magnetically resonates in a frequency band in or above a millimeter-wave band as an electromagnetic-wave absorbing material 1a, and is a nonresonant-type electromagnetic-wave absorber that is not provided with a reflective layer for reflecting incident electromagnetic waves.

Provided are an electromagnetic-wave absorbing composition that can favorably absorb electromagnetic waves of high frequencies in or above a millimeter-wave band and that can be applied to a desired portion in the form of a paste, and an easily deformable electromagnetic-wave absorber having flexibility. The electromagnetic-wave absorbing composition includes a rubber binder, a filler made of a particulate carbon material, and a magnetic iron oxide that magnetically resonates in a frequency band in or above a millimeter-wave band as an electromagnetic-wave absorbing material. The electromagnetic-wave absorber includes a rubber binder 1b, a filler 1c made of a particulate carbon material, and a magnetic iron oxide that magnetically resonates in a frequency band in or above a millimeter-wave band as an electromagnetic-wave absorbing material 1a, and is a nonresonant-type electromagnetic-wave absorber that is not provided with a reflective layer for reflecting incident electromagnetic waves.